基本情況
五龍洞位于(yu)河南(nan)省(sheng)北(bei)(bei)部,太行山北(bei)(bei)端。地(di)處(chu)安陽、鶴(he)壁、新(xin)鄉交界處(chu),沿(yan)浚(縣)南(nan)(輝縣南(nan)村鎮)公路可達。距(ju)離(li)林(lin)州市 區50公里。介(jie)于(yu)東徑113°55′~114°00′和北(bei)(bei)緯35°41′~35°45′之間,南(nan)與衛輝接(jie)壤,東接(jie)淇縣。公園(yuan)東西長7公里,南(nan)北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)6公里,總(zong)面積(ji)2527公頃。1995 年被批準為(wei)國家森林(lin)公園(yuan)。
公園內山勢險峻(jun),危(wei)巖聳立(li),峭(qiao)壁奇澗遍布。境內第(di)一高峰黃(huang)梅草腦(nao),海(hai)拔(ba)1069米(mi),第(di)二高峰三縣腦(nao),海(hai)拔(ba)1043米(mi)。平(ping)均(jun)坡度35左(zuo)右,最大坡度70左(zuo)右。
土壤為褐土,土層厚度(du)一般在(zai)30~70厘(li)米,土壤呈中性(xing)及微堿性(xing)。
旅游資源綜述
五(wu)(wu)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)國(guo)家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)園分(fen)五(wu)(wu)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、四(si)道(dao)溝、雞(ji)冠山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和驢馱溝四(si)大景觀區。 公(gong)(gong)園所在(zai)地(di)受第(di)三紀(ji)末喜馬拉雅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)和第(di)四(si)紀(ji)燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)期斷裂運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的影響,造(zao)成山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)險峻(jun),危巖(yan)聳立,峽谷幽洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)遍布(bu)(bu),構成山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體的巖(yan)石(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)奧陶紀(ji)石(shi)灰巖(yan),巖(yan)石(shi)形狀(zhuang)極(ji)為(wei)獨特(te)。五(wu)(wu)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)國(guo)家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)園山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)渾(hun)厚蒼勁,怪石(shi)嶙峋,樹木(mu)蔥郁,溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)幽穴星羅棋布(bu)(bu),集“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)秀(xiu)、洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)古(gu)、石(shi)奇、林(lin)(lin)(lin)幽”于一體。公(gong)(gong)園地(di)處暖溫帶(dai)落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)帶(dai),以(yi)溫帶(dai)落葉(xie)植物區系為(wei)主(zhu),植物種類有 400余種,如油松、側柏、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)桃、柿樹、櫟類等(deng),林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)面積 11.9平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里,森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率為(wei) 47.1%;野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物有狼、野豬、松鼠(shu)、畫眉、百靈、金雕、紅尾鴝等(deng)。公(gong)(gong)園以(yi)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)景觀、巖(yan)石(shi)景觀、溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)景觀而著名。森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)景觀有:十里松濤、五(wu)(wu)龍(long)紅葉(xie)等(deng);石(shi)景有:天生(sheng)(sheng)橋、鱷魚(yu)石(shi)等(deng);溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有:五(wu)(wu)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、八(ba)卦(gua)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)。
公園(yuan)內(nei)以四季常青、生(sheng)長(chang)茂盛的側柏、油松(song)林為(wei)主,還(huan)有黃(huang)櫨、連翹、繡線菊等灌(guan)木(mu),形成了獨具特色、十分誘人(ren)的森林景觀。春天,各(ge)種迎春花(hua)草次(ci)第開放(fang)。夏季,林木(mu)蔥郁,濃陰(yin)遮日,樹下涼氣襲人(ren)。秋(qiu)天,萬木(mu)崢嶸,樹葉流(liu)丹,秋(qiu)風陣陣,果香沁脈。冬天,到處(chu)銀妝(zhuang)素裹,玉(yu)樹瓊(qiong)花(hua)。
主要景點特色
五龍(long)洞森林(lin)公園自然(ran)風光獨特壯(zhuang)觀,主要景點有(you)五龍(long)洞、駱駝峰、絕壁雙(shuang)亭(ting)、皇(huang)姑(gu)庵、神功(gong)石、天生(sheng)橋等。
五(wu)(wu)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong) 為(wei)太行(xing)山(shan)第一大(da)(da)溶洞(dong)(dong),第一大(da)(da)廳面積約1100平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),可容納2000余人(ren)。洞(dong)(dong)內最寬處60米(mi)(mi),最高處44米(mi)(mi),深度目前(qian)已能走入700米(mi)(mi)。五(wu)(wu)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)歷史悠久,洞(dong)(dong)內石刻記載明(ming)萬(wan)歷年間即已成為(wei)衛輝(hui)、淇縣、浚縣、林縣南部(bu)等地區(qu)祈(qi)雨中(zhong)心,每(mei)(mei)逢大(da)(da)旱(han)之年,來此祈(qi)雨的人(ren)數以千計,香火極(ji)旺。相傳古時清風山(shan)下(xia)漁村一村姑和其母正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)門(men)口縫洗(xi)(xi)(xi)被子(zi),忽一道(dao)士路過,請母女(nv)為(wei)其拆洗(xi)(xi)(xi)一下(xia)道(dao)袍,女(nv)兒在(zai)(zai)拆洗(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)不斷用嘴(zui)咬線,并吞下(xia)了(le)(le)五(wu)(wu)個線頭(tou),此后便有了(le)(le)身(shen),女(nv)兒的父(fu)親怕(pa)鄰居(ju)恥笑,就把女(nv)兒送到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)這(zhe)里,由哥(ge)(ge)哥(ge)(ge)每(mei)(mei)日送飯(fan)。一日晴(qing)空萬(wan)里,哥(ge)(ge)哥(ge)(ge)送飯(fan)到(dao)(dao)半路上(shang),忽聽身(shen)后雷聲大(da)(da)作(zuo),回頭(tou)忘去,見(jian)陡崖上(shang)開了(le)(le)一個山(shan)洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)妹(mei)妹(mei)身(shen)上(shang)爬著五(wu)(wu)條龍(long):黑龍(long)、白龍(long)、青(qing)龍(long)、蒼龍(long)、黃龍(long),從此,五(wu)(wu)龍(long)呼風喚雨,為(wei)天下(xia)百姓解除(chu)旱(han)災。
五龍洞(dong)(dong)為天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)石(shi)灰巖區型溶洞(dong)(dong),目前(qian)能開進深度為1200余米(mi)。經地(di)質(zhi)學家考(kao)察,確認為早在兩億年前(qian)就已(yi)(yi)形(xing)成,其古老的(de)(de)(de)老齡,具大(da)的(de)(de)(de)規模,獨特的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)景(jing)觀在北(bei)方太(tai)行(xing)山(shan)區極為罕見(jian),被譽為太(tai)行(xing)山(shan)第一(yi)(yi)大(da)溶洞(dong)(dong)。大(da)廳(ting)(ting)分(fen)(fen)內(nei)(nei)廳(ting)(ting)、外廳(ting)(ting),中(zhong)間由一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)大(da)石(shi)簾隔(ge)開。內(nei)(nei)廳(ting)(ting)分(fen)(fen)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)兩層,在廳(ting)(ting)的(de)(de)(de)南端有(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)窗直通山(shan)頂,又叫(jiao)通天(tian)(tian)(tian)洞(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)呈金黃色,形(xing)成了十分(fen)(fen)逼真的(de)(de)(de)觀音(yin)菩薩、老壽星、龍王、呂(lv)洞(dong)(dong)賓等形(xing)象。游(you)客(ke)至(zhi)此,可感到山(shan)風吹拂,過大(da)廳(ting)(ting)繼續前(qian)行(xing),山(shan)洞(dong)(dong)突(tu)然(ran)變(bian)小、變(bian)低,每隔(ge)幾米(mi)即有(you)一(yi)(yi)道由鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)門,石(shi)門前(qian)后(hou)各有(you)清水(shui)一(yi)(yi)潭(tan),水(shui)流入潭(tan)中(zhong),叮咚(dong)作響。行(xing)至(zhi)150米(mi)深處(chu)(chu),就來(lai)到了鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)的(de)(de)(de)精華處(chu)(chu),這(zhe)時仿佛是(shi)來(lai)到了另一(yi)(yi)個世界:蝙蝠在上下(xia)(xia)(xia)翻(fan)飛,一(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)片(pian)(pian)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)已(yi)(yi)連接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)林整(zheng)齊(qi)地(di)排列在一(yi)(yi)起,石(shi)床(chuang)、石(shi)花、石(shi)筍、石(shi)盆、石(shi)幔、石(shi)虎、石(shi)獅(shi)隨處(chu)(chu)可見(jian)。洞(dong)(dong)回路(lu)轉,柳暗(an)花明又一(yi)(yi)廳(ting)(ting),走(zou)至(zhi)600米(mi)處(chu)(chu),潭(tan)水(shui)已(yi)(yi)淹至(zhi)石(shi)門,此時洞(dong)(dong)壁上刻有(you)游(you)人詩一(yi)(yi)首:“天(tian)(tian)(tian)生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)個五龍洞(dong)(dong),無限風光(guang)在洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong),鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)筍世罕見(jian),天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)奇(qi)觀留游(you)人”,這(zhe)正是(shi)對五龍洞(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)真實寫照。
清風寺 建于(yu)明代。位于(yu)五龍(long)洞(dong)崖下,因該洞(dong)位于(yu)半崖上,古時需攀(pan)援才能到(dao)(dao)達,后由祈雨(yu)者集資(zi)修建了(le)清風寺。到(dao)(dao)清代已有(you)殿堂數10間(jian),后歷經戰亂,現僅存10余間(jian)。殿內供(gong)奉龍(long)母娘(niang)娘(niang)和黑(hei)、白、青、蒼、黃五龍(long)。每年農歷三月初八廟(miao)會,香客可達數千(qian)人。
皇(huang)姑(gu)庵(an) 位(wei)于(yu)林州(zhou)、衛輝、淇縣(xian)交(jiao)界的三縣(xian)垴。為商朝紂王(wang)兵(bing)敗后(hou)藏身處。在山頂有房屋2間,因紂王(wang)與其女在此(ci)居住,故稱(cheng)皇(huang)姑(gu)庵(an)。皇(huang)姑(gu)庵(an)北(bei)(bei)邊的山溝(gou)為銅槍溝(gou),再往北(bei)(bei)為鐵爐溝(gou),傳說均(jun)為紂王(wang)打制兵(bing)器的地方(fang)。
神功石 進入山(shan)口(kou)不遠,路下溝(gou)中水(shui)(shui)聲(sheng)潺潺,碧水(shui)(shui)如鏡,在清(qing)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)繞的(de)石上有一(yi)塊大石頭,體積(ji)約80立(li)方米,重約200噸,支(zhi)點面積(ji)極小(xiao),若一(yi)人(ren)找著(zhu)力(li)點,即可搖動(dong),但再增加人(ren)數用力(li)推,卻絲毫難移,故(gu)名(ming)神功石。
天(tian)生橋(qiao) 在溝(gou)兩邊陡峭(qiao)的懸(xuan)崖之間,一天(tian)生石(shi)橋(qiao)飛架而過。橋(qiao)跨度27.3米(mi),橋(qiao)身(shen)寬(kuan)3.7~5米(mi),厚0.5~0.8米(mi),橋(qiao)高11.8米(mi)。據北京(jing)大學教授陳傳康考證,此(ci)石(shi)橋(qiao)跨度之大,橋(qiao)身(shen)之高為長(chang)江以北第一,全國第二,較之武陵(ling)風景區之仙人橋(qiao)還要奇妙,可謂世上罕見(jian)。
森林公園 以四(si)季長青,生長茂(mao)密的油松(song)林為(wei)主(zhu),灌木以毛黃櫨、連翹、繡(xiu)線菊(ju)、照(zhao)山白等(deng)為(wei)主(zhu),形(xing)成特色(se)獨(du)具的四(si)季景觀。
1992年,北(bei)京大學環境系教授(shou),全(quan)國風景(jing)規(gui)劃專家陳傳康到此考(kao)察,稱這(zhe)里是典型的石(shi)灰巖(yan)地質風光(guang),是一(yi)個難得(de)的天然森(sen)林(lin)公園,并當(dang)場題詞:天橋清(qing)風流碧水,龍洞綠樹映山(shan)色(se)。
1995年(nian)(nian),五龍洞森林(lin)公園被(bei)國(guo)家林(lin)業部正(zheng)式批準為(wei)(wei)國(guo)家級森林(lin)公園,中國(guo)森林(lin)資源評(ping)價委員會、中國(guo)旅游學(xue)院(yuan)科學(xue)研究所王興(xing)斌教授(shou)興(xing)奮地把這里歸(gui)納為(wei)(wei)“山秀、洞古、石(shi)奇、林(lin)幽”,并(bing)滿懷信心地題寫寄語:“五龍藏千年(nian)(nian),騰飛在今(jin)朝”。
五龍(long)洞(dong)國家(jia)森林公園不僅自(zi)然風(feng)光(guang)獨特壯觀,同時人(ren)文景觀也相當豐富,自(zi)唐朝以來(lai),這里就是鄰近(jin)幾縣(xian)百姓祈雨的(de)主要場所(suo),歷(li)代僧(seng)人(ren)道姑也多在此出(chu)家(jia),使(shi)之成為遠近(jin)聞(wen)名的(de)宗教圣地(di)。
洞(dong)天福地(di),曲徑通(tong)幽,松濤密林,涼亭(ting)清風,森(sen)林景觀(guan)與山水(shui)風光(guang)相(xiang)輝(hui)映,人文(wen)景觀(guan)與民間傳說相(xiang)交融。暢(chang)游五龍洞(dong)將(jiang)會(hui)給你一種心(xin)情舒暢(chang),飄(piao)然世外之感。
旅游信息
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