景區簡介
攸縣白(bai)龍(long)洞位(wei)于(yu)湘贛交(jiao)界的(de)(de)(de)羅(luo)霄(xiao)山脈腳下,地(di)處風景秀麗的(de)(de)(de)株洲(zhou)酒埠江風景名勝區國家地(di)質公(gong)園(yuan)內,與天(tian)下五岳之一的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)岳,中華始(shi)祖(zu)炎帝陵(ling),革命(ming)圣地(di)井岡山相鄰,為(wei)約(yue)3億年前(qian)發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)石炭紀白(bai)云質灰(hui)巖巖溶洞穴。
鑲嵌在延綿群山(shan)蒼翠蔥郁間的(de)白(bai)龍洞(dong)(dong)因洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)巖溶景(jing)觀“白(bai)龍馬”而(er)得名。洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)寬大幽深,洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)有洞(dong)(dong),樓上(shang)藏樓,鐘乳(ru)石千(qian)姿百態、三步一景(jing)、五步一閣,萬千(qian)景(jing)象,令人嘆為觀止,被喻為湘東(dong)第一洞(dong)(dong)。
白(bai)龍洞(dong)長達數(shu)公里,可(ke)供開發的旅游(you)路(lu)線(xian)為(wei)4000余米,現(xian)向游(you)客開放的線(xian)路(lu)為(wei)1280米。洞(dong)內上(shang)下分為(wei)三層,上(shang)、中(zhong)層為(wei)旱洞(dong),下層為(wei)水洞(dong)。洞(dong)中(zhong)各種(zhong)巖溶景觀橋、山、田、幔、瀑、等等應有盡(jin)有。其(qi)中(zhong)“唐僧西(xi)行、神象觀潭(tan)、觀音(yin)坐蓮”等形(xing)象景觀更(geng)是俯首即是,栩栩如(ru)生。
白龍洞(dong)因“四絕”而聞名國內外(wai),“白龍馬、古河(he)床、古生物化(hua)石(shi)、石(shi)鐘(zhong)音樂”無不(bu)令人拍手叫絕。洞(dong)中(zhong)的(de)“天下第一柱(zhu)”高達29米,國內稱雄。這里的(de)鐘(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)在輕輕敲擊下,可以發出(chu)不(bu)同高低的(de)優美動(dong)聽的(de)音符(fu),以“石(shi)頭會唱歌”的(de)神(shen)奇,吸引萬千游客。“景賽黃龍洞(dong),奇勝蘆笛(di)巖”這是中(zhong)國地質科學院(yuan)巖溶(rong)洞(dong)穴研究所前所長(chang)朱學穩教授在考察(cha)白龍洞(dong)后得出(chu)的(de)結論(lun)。
交通指南
汽車線路
攸縣白龍洞交(jiao)通便利,106國道、醴茶鐵路縱橫(heng)境內。公路有廣(guang)州、長沙、株洲、湘潭、衡陽、萍鄉至景區,每(mei)日有數趟豪華直達大巴,縣城(cheng)至景區中巴車(che)也(ye)是(shi)每(mei)10分鐘一趟。
自駕線路
從(cong)長(chang)沙、湘潭(tan)經320、醴潭(tan)或(huo)滬昆高速公(gong)路至(zhi)醴陵、轉106國道即至(zhi)境(jing)內,全(quan)程僅約3小(xiao)時;從(cong)竣(jun)工的朱亭至(zhi)攸縣網(wang)嶺的高速公(gong)路至(zhi)景區僅約2小(xiao)時車程。
白(bai)龍洞,地(di)處(chu)湘贛邊(bian)界羅霄山脈中段,湖南酒埠江國家地(di)質公園內(nei)。從攸縣縣城出發,沿(yan)S315公路前行至漕泊地(di)域,在快進(jin)入柏(bo)市鎮的道路旁,可以見(jian)到“白(bai)龍洞”的醒(xing)目標志(zhi)。在此登山上行至半山腰,就是白(bai)龍洞的入口(kou)。
酒(jiu)埠江地(di)質公(gong)園,溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)多(duo)(duo)達(da)106個,其(qi)中(zhong)已開(kai)發的(de)(de)(de)具有代表(biao)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)首推白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴曲折幽深,規模宏大,長(chang)達(da)7公(gong)里(li)。上下分為3層(ceng)(ceng),上、中(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)為旱洞(dong)(dong)(dong),下層(ceng)(ceng)為水洞(dong)(dong)(dong),內藏18個大廳(ting)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內景觀豐(feng)富,造型奇(qi)特,多(duo)(duo)姿(zi)多(duo)(duo)彩(cai),宛如一(yi)(yi)(yi)座璀璨的(de)(de)(de)地(di)宮。較(jiao)之桂林(lin)的(de)(de)(de)蘆笛(di)巖,張家界的(de)(de)(de)黃龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),湘西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)月洞(dong)(dong)(dong),還有距此不遠江西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)孽(nie)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),那些洞(dong)(dong)(dong)均依據(ju)虛(xu)幻(huan)的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)話命(ming)名(ming)(ming),而(er)這白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),卻是(shi)名(ming)(ming)副其(qi)實:洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)真有一(yi)(yi)(yi)條“白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)”。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)頂(ding)高達(da)幾層(ceng)(ceng)樓,沿(yan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)斜下的(de)(de)(de)石壁上,一(yi)(yi)(yi)條約(yue)3米(mi)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)攀沿(yan)而(er)下,其(qi)身細而(er)長(chang),彎曲有致,其(qi)頭似(si)(si)馬(ma)大,黑色(se)眼睛將白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)點畫得神(shen)韻飛揚(yang)。朦(meng)朧望去,白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)似(si)(si)自天(tian)(tian)而(er)降,仍(reng)在游動。偌大的(de)(de)(de)褪(tun)色(se)巖壁中(zhong),突兀一(yi)(yi)(yi)條潔白(bai)(bai)(bai)的(de)(de)(de)巖帶,構成神(shen)形兼備(bei)龍(long)(long)馬(ma)形態,真乃天(tian)(tian)地(di)造化鬼斧神(shen)工之筆。此乃天(tian)(tian)下一(yi)(yi)(yi)絕(jue),白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)也由(you)此得名(ming)(ming)。
洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)奇(qi)異絕頂。石(shi)(shi)(shi)山、石(shi)(shi)(shi)田(tian)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔(man)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)瀑(pu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)橋、石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)旗等景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan),天然自成,比比皆是,恰如(ru)(ru)天然石(shi)(shi)(shi)景(jing)公園。那(nei)些(xie)諸如(ru)(ru)“唐僧西行、神象(xiang)(xiang)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)潭、觀(guan)(guan)(guan)音坐蓮、王(wang)母瑤池、白龍(long)游海、美女(nv)照鏡(jing)、淑(shu)女(nv)更衣、金蟾報曉、兄弟稱(cheng)雄(xiong)、浪子(zi)回(hui)頭、猴王(wang)探路”等意(yi)象(xiang)(xiang)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan),活靈(ling)活現,傳神逼真。尤其(qi)那(nei)壯觀(guan)(guan)(guan)氣派的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“龍(long)宮(gong)”,宮(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定海神針,高(gao)達29米,比黃龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定海神針高(gao)出(chu)1米多,粗幾倍,需幾個人(ren)才能(neng)合(he)抱。定海神針似雕(diao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)門柱(zhu),石(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)燦爛,玉樹瓊花(hua)(hua)(hua),其(qi)景(jing)其(qi)勢,國內一(yi)絕。洞(dong)(dong)府中(zhong)(zhong)還展示了大自然“三界”。“洞(dong)(dong)府植物界”,洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)遍生石(shi)(shi)(shi)樹、石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍、石(shi)(shi)(shi)藤(teng)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)草、石(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)葡萄,種類繁多,可謂(wei)植物標本園。“洞(dong)(dong)府動(dong)物界”,有(you)(you)(you)意(yi)象(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諸如(ru)(ru)天上飛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、水里游的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、陸地(di)跑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),千姿百態(tai),栩栩如(ru)(ru)生。這(zhe)里還曾是古(gu)生命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)搖籃(lan),洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)河床,殘(can)存著45萬(wan)年前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貝(bei)殼;還有(you)(you)(you)5萬(wan)年前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物腿骨化石(shi)(shi)(shi),考古(gu)專家鑒(jian)定那(nei)是鹿和豬(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)骨頭。“洞(dong)(dong)府非生物界”,無所不(bu)有(you)(you)(you),奇(qi)景(jing)萬(wan)千。石(shi)(shi)(shi)梯田(tian)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)壩列列在(zai)目。那(nei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔(man)從(cong)(cong)“天棚”順著高(gao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)壁(bi)飄然垂下(xia),高(gao)達13米,恢宏大度,勢如(ru)(ru)瀑(pu)布(bu)。它更象(xiang)(xiang)劇(ju)場幕布(bu),任由大自然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鬼(gui)斧神工或(huo)拉開(kai)或(huo)閉合(he)。專家們(men)認定,這(zhe)石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔(man)是中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi),也是亞洲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)。還有(you)(you)(you)那(nei)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)音樂(le)更是一(yi)絕。形(xing)狀各(ge)異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi),有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成片從(cong)(cong)洞(dong)(dong)頂一(yi)瀉而下(xia),似瀑(pu)布(bu)從(cong)(cong)天而降,洶(xiong)涌澎(peng)湃;有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)懸掛(gua)在(zai)洞(dong)(dong)壁(bi),象(xiang)(xiang)成熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瓜果;有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)從(cong)(cong)頂棚垂掛(gua),狀似葫蘆一(yi)字排開(kai),長短不(bu)一(yi)卻(que)錯落(luo)有(you)(you)(you)致。在(zai)這(zhe)些(xie)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)集中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個地(di)方(fang),人(ren)們(men)用木棒(bang)輕(qing)輕(qing)地(di)敲擊(ji)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi),可以(yi)發出(chu)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音符,可以(yi)敲出(chu)悅耳動(dong)聽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)。要(yao)是高(gao)手,還可以(yi)敲出(chu)樂(le)曲(qu)來。倘若(ruo)詩圣杜(du)甫(fu)聽此樂(le)聲,定會將(jiang)七絕《贈花(hua)(hua)(hua)卿》末句(ju)改成:“此曲(qu)只應洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you),人(ren)間難得幾回(hui)聞(wen)。”
白(bai)龍洞(dong)(dong)(dong)既(ji)景觀(guan)迷人(ren),也有著美(mei)妙的(de)傳說。相(xiang)傳,西海(hai)龍王三太(tai)子小(xiao)(xiao)白(bai)龍,因(yin)縱(zong)火燒了(le)殿(dian)上(shang)明(ming)珠(zhu),被西海(hai)龍王表(biao)奏(zou)天(tian)(tian)庭,犯了(le)死罪,后(hou)被觀(guan)音(yin)菩薩救出(chu)(chu),變做白(bai)馬,讓唐僧騎(qi)了(le)去西天(tian)(tian)取經。到火焰山時,孫悟空在(zai)芭蕉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)借得(de)(de)假芭蕉扇,扇得(de)(de)火光烘烘騰空,熱(re)地烙(luo)腳,熱(re)氣蒸人(ren)。那小(xiao)(xiao)白(bai)龍原是水(shui)中之物,哪里(li)受得(de)(de)住,馱著唐僧往(wang)回走了(le)幾十里(li),后(hou)趁人(ren)不備,復變小(xiao)(xiao)白(bai)龍騰空來(lai)到東南方,尋找避(bi)熱(re)的(de)地方。不覺(jue)來(lai)到漕(cao)泊處,見山頭一個洞(dong)(dong)(dong),一進去全身透涼(liang),頃刻(ke)間心(xin)(xin)身燥熱(re)皆除,爽不可言。再睜開眼看看洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中,它騰上(shang)騰下,躍進躍出(chu)(chu),噓云呵(he)氣,就地變勢造起景來(lai)。蓬萊(lai)(lai)島出(chu)(chu)現了(le),水(shui)晶宮(gong)完工,定海(hai)神針立起來(lai)了(le)……他瞄(miao)了(le)一眼自己(ji)的(de)杰作,越(yue)(yue)造越(yue)(yue)起勁。接(jie)著造起了(le)天(tian)(tian)宮(gong)的(de)景物,天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian),元(yuan)帥府(fu),八卦爐(lu)……小(xiao)(xiao)白(bai)龍勞作了(le)多時,停下來(lai),喘了(le)喘氣,一時心(xin)(xin)中痛快(kuai),在(zai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內長(chang)吟(yin)了(le)三聲。這吟(yin)非同(tong)小(xiao)(xiao)可,氣貫(guan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中回震又生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)許(xu)多小(xiao)(xiao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)作聲,石(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)皆鳴(ming)。至今,在(zai)蓬萊(lai)(lai)島西頭經一大(da)廳堂內一通道下一小(xiao)(xiao)室,滿壁懸掛(gua)的(de)石(shi)(shi)幔、石(shi)(shi)葫(hu)蘆,可敲出(chu)(chu)段動聽的(de)音(yin)樂來(lai)。
而科學(xue)(xue)(xue)考證的(de)是,白(bai)(bai)龍洞(dong)屬喀斯特(te)地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),屬3億年前發育成型的(de)石(shi)灰巖(yan)(yan)溶洞(dong)。研究資料表(biao)明(ming),酒埠(bu)江地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公園(yuan)以石(shi)巖(yan)(yan)系和二疊(die)系地(di)層為主。此地(di)層為濱海淺海環境下的(de)碳酸(suan)鹽沉積。自地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新生代第三紀末以來,這(zhe)里(li)至少經歷(li)了三次(ci)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)地(di)殼間(jian)歇性上升運動,由于各種(zhong)外力作用,抬升過程(cheng)產生了斷(duan)裂、崩塌和錯位(wei),不同年代的(de)地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺跡便鬼使神差地(di)集合(he)到一起了。白(bai)(bai)龍洞(dong)由此形成了美妙奇(qi)特(te)的(de)景觀。中國地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)院溶洞(dong)研究所所長朱學(xue)(xue)(xue)穩教(jiao)授考察白(bai)(bai)龍洞(dong)后,盛(sheng)贊(zan)“景賽黃龍洞(dong),奇(qi)勝蘆笛巖(yan)(yan)”。
白龍洞于2001年(nian)已開發供(gong)游(you)人(ren)觀賞,現已成(cheng)酒埠江風景(jing)區的(de)主(zhu)要景(jing)點。