景點介紹
湖北五峰(feng)后(hou)河天(tian)(tian)門峽位于湖北省西(xi)南(nan)部神(shen)(shen)奇(qi)北緯30°線(xian)上,地屬湖北省宜昌市五峰(feng)縣境內,距五峰(feng)縣城20公(gong)里,總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)103.40 平方公(gong)里,擴展區409平方公(gong)里。五峰(feng)后(hou)河天(tian)(tian)門峽于1985年3月經(jing)原宜昌地區行署(shu)批準(zhun)建立,1988年6月經(jing)省政府批準(zhun)升格為(wei)省級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保護區,2000年4月經(jing)國(guo)務院批準(zhun)晉升為(wei)國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保護區。五峰(feng)后(hou)河天(tian)(tian)門峽是湖北繼(ji)神(shen)(shen)農架(jia)之后(hou)的(de)第二(er)個國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保護區,為(wei)宜昌市唯一(yi)一(yi)個森林生態系統類(lei)型國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保護區,是國(guo)家確定的(de)華南(nan)虎放歸自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)項目的(de)首選區域。
后(hou)河(he)天門(men)(men)峽主要保(bao)護(hu)(hu)對象(xiang)為:中(zhong)亞熱帶(dai)森林生態系(xi)統(tong)及其(qi)生物(wu)多樣性(xing);珍稀瀕危(wei)(wei)野生動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)資(zi)源及其(qi)棲息地(di),特別(bie)是(shi)稀有(you)珍貴樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)(qun)落及華南虎、豹、黑(hei)(hei)麂等(deng)國際極(ji)度瀕危(wei)(wei)動物(wu)及棲息地(di);不同自然地(di)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)典型(xing)自然景觀等(deng)。根(gen)據《中(zhong)國植(zhi)(zhi)被》的(de)(de)(de)(de)分類原則,后(hou)河(he)天門(men)(men)峽自然植(zhi)(zhi)被共(gong)有(you)溫性(xing)針葉林、暖性(xing)針葉林等(deng)11個植(zhi)(zhi)被類型(xing),45個群(qun)(qun)系(xi)49個群(qun)(qun)叢。現已查(cha)明后(hou)河(he)天門(men)(men)峽內(nei)有(you)維管束植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)233科852屬2292種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)湖北省植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)73%,占(zhan)中(zhong)國植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)33%。屬國家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)屬國家Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)珙桐、鐘萼(e)木(mu)、銀杏等(deng)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);國家Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)有(you)黃杉、水青(qing)樹、鵝掌楸(qiu)、紅(hong)椿、櫸樹等(deng)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。后(hou)河(he)天門(men)(men)峽內(nei)共(gong)有(you)陸生野生脊椎動物(wu)307種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)湖北省總(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)47.2%,其(qi)中(zhong)國家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生動物(wu)57種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)湖北省總(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)45.5%。國家Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)有(you)金錢(qian)豹、云豹、林麝、金雕等(deng)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);國家Ⅱ保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)有(you)獼猴、黑(hei)(hei)熊、斑羚、紅(hong)腹錦雞等(deng)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。