古鎮歷史
清光(guang)緒《永(yong)川縣志·輿地·山川》記(ji)載:“松(song)子溉(gai)(gai)(gai),邑之雄鎮也。商旅云(yun)集,設有水(shui)塘汛,查緝奸(jian)盜(dao)。又下(xia)曰(yue)東岳沱(tuo),深數十丈(zhang),石刻‘澄(cheng)江(jiang)如練’四字(zi)(郡(jun)守(shou)陳邦器書)。沱(tuo)上北岸(an),有后溪水(shui)來(lai)注之。東岳沱(tuo)之前,曰(yue)啞巴溉(gai)(gai)(gai),水(shui)最險惡,往來(lai)舟子不敢作(zuo)欸乃(nai)聲(sheng),故(gu)此以名。其下(xia)流(liu)有巨石立江(jiang)邊(bian),形如蝦蟆(ma)。水(shui)漲及蝦蟆(ma)口,船無敢上下(xia)者。過(guo)此為(wei)大磯(ji)硇灘(tan),江(jiang)流(liu)至彼,乃(nai)入江(jiang)津界。”以境內(nei)松(song)子山、溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(jì)水(shui)取名松(song)子溉(gai)(gai)(gai),簡稱松(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)。
松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)始建(jian)時(shi)間(jian),無史籍可(ke)考。據清(qing)嘉慶(qing)《四川通志》記(ji)載(zai)(zai)(zai):南宋陳鵬飛(字少南,與蘇東坡、張子(zi)(zi)昭被(bei)譽為(wei)(wei)當(dang)世注經“三杰”)因被(bei)秦檜誣陷(xian)遭貶,偕(xie)妻在(zai)此(ci)設館教學。可(ke)知(zhi)當(dang)時(shi)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)已(yi)有場鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。清(qing)乾隆《永(yong)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》記(ji)述的“鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)甲(jia)舊里”中的“松(song)(song)(song)(song)子(zi)(zi)里”,即指此(ci)處。松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)玉皇觀內(nei)明朝萬歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)徐先(xian)登德政(zheng)碑文記(ji)載(zai)(zai)(zai),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)治曾移此(ci)。清(qing)光緒《永(yong)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》載(zai)(zai)(zai):清(qing)順治十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1661年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)趙國(guo)顯也(ye)設縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)治于(yu)此(ci),招(zhao)撫流亡。康熙四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1665年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)治遷回縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng);清(qing)乾隆十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1747年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))曾于(yu)此(ci)設總爺衙門(men),與縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)一樣修(xiu)有城(cheng)隍廟(miao);清(qing)光緒十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1892年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))設把總。民(min)國(guo)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),名(ming)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)場。民(min)國(guo)22年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1933年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),名(ming)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。民(min)國(guo)24年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)名(ming)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)聯保。民(min)國(guo)27年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)新(xin)生(sheng)活運(yun)動總會婦(fu)女指導(dao)委員(yuan)會在(zai)此(ci)設立(li)紡(fang)織實(shi)驗區(qu),名(ming)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)實(shi)驗鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),實(shi)行廠鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)一,廠長兼鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)長。民(min)國(guo)29年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),名(ming)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),直至(zhi)永(yong)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)解(jie)放(fang)。解(jie)放(fang)初,成立(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府,1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)劃(hua)出鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)屬(shu)(shu)農(nong)村(cun)部分(fen)建(jian)立(li)松(song)(song)(song)(song)江鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)(song)(song)江鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)劃(hua)為(wei)(wei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)江、新(xin)華兩個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)兩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)并(bing)仍為(wei)(wei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)江鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)并(bing)建(jian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)江公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)(she)(she)。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)社(she)(she)(she)分(fen)開。1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)合(he)(he)(he)并(bing)為(wei)(wei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)(she)(she)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和(he)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)(she)(she)。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)(she)(she)改為(wei)(wei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)并(bing)建(jian)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),至(zhi)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),均(jun)屬(shu)(shu)何埂區(qu)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)“撤(che)區(qu)并(bing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)建(jian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)”,松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)與聚(ju)美(mei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合(he)(he)(he)并(bing)組建(jian)松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),屬(shu)(shu)永(yong)川市管轄(xia)。1994年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)恢復(fu)聚(ju)美(mei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue),撤(che)銷聚(ju)美(mei)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),將原聚(ju)美(mei)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)保勝(sheng)、魚(yu)嶺、打魚(yu)三個行政(zheng)村(cun)劃(hua)歸松(song)(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。
歷史(shi)上(shang)的松(song)溉(gai)(gai),是永川(chuan)、榮(rong)昌(chang)、隆昌(chang)、瀘州、銅(tong)梁、大足(zu)、內(nei)(nei)江(jiang)一(yi)(yi)帶商賈來(lai)往(wang)重(zhong)慶販(fan)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)和做生(sheng)意的物(wu)資(zi)集散樞紐。水(shui)路(lu)有(you)(you)上(shang)、中、下三(san)個碼(ma)頭,江(jiang)上(shang)來(lai)往(wang)船只川(chuan)流不息。陸路(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸方式主(zhu)要是馬(ma)幫,從(cong)各縣(xian)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)貨至此的馬(ma)和騾子每日(ri)近千匹,在(zai)老街(jie)上(shang)熙熙攘攘,絡繹不絕。為馬(ma)幫服務(wu)的行業—馬(ma)房也(ye)應運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)而生(sheng),昌(chang)盛時達20多家。隨著公路(lu)的建成,馬(ma)房逐步衰落,直至1978年,最后一(yi)(yi)家馬(ma)房才關閉。松(song)溉(gai)(gai)當年人口逾(yu)五萬人,水(shui)路(lu)繁忙、商號林立(li)、市場繁榮(rong),故有(you)(you)“白(bai)日(ri)千人拱(gong)手,入夜萬盞明燈”之(zhi)說。抗戰時期,國(guo)民政府“新(xin)生(sheng)活運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)總會(hui)(hui)”所屬“新(xin)生(sheng)活婦女(nv)指導委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)”曾將松(song)溉(gai)(gai)劃為“實(shi)(shi)驗鄉—紡(fang)織實(shi)(shi)驗區”,開(kai)辦“新(xin)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)紡(fang)織廠”和農場。“新(xin)生(sheng)活婦女(nv)指導委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)”主(zhu)任委(wei)員宋美(mei)齡曾親臨松(song)溉(gai)(gai)視察。鎮(zhen)內(nei)(nei)擁有(you)(you)十里青石板(ban)路(lu),松(song)溉(gai)(gai)老街(jie)蜿蜓曲(qu)折,漫步其間,仍能(neng)感受到濃郁的古(gu)(gu)樸韻味。其老街(jie)總長約十華(hua)里,雄居重(zhong)慶古(gu)(gu)鎮(zhen)之(zhi)首。有(you)(you)明清(qing)時代(dai)四合院、雕樓、吊(diao)腳樓、古(gu)(gu)縣(xian)衙(ya)、皇帝御批(pi)祠(ci)堂(tang)—羅(luo)家祠(ci)堂(tang)、夫子墳、陳(chen)公堰等(deng)一(yi)(yi)批(pi)歷史(shi)文(wen)化遺(yi)跡。賽龍(long)(long)舟、龍(long)(long)燈、腰鼓、錢槍等(deng)民俗表演,也(ye)別具特色。
目前(qian)松(song)溉古(gu)鎮算(suan)不上(shang)成熟的(de)(de)(de)景點(dian),但(dan)保留著相當一(yi)部分古(gu)樸(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑,也有(you)一(yi)部分建(jian)筑經過修繕或者根據考證(zheng)以及(ji)仿古(gu)修建(jian)。除(chu)了古(gu)鎮古(gu)樸(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)俗風格外(wai),古(gu)鎮的(de)(de)(de)羅家(jia)祠堂、陳家(jia)大院、永川縣(xian)衙(ya)都是值(zhi)得一(yi)看的(de)(de)(de)單元(yuan)。
羅家祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang),祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)部分(fen)根據原貌進(jin)行修繕,外(wai)面的(de)(de)戲臺和觀(guan)眾席(xi)是現代重新(xin)修造(zao)。祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)現由(you)羅家的(de)(de)宗(zong)孫進(jin)行看護,據說,每年的(de)(de)清明節,羅氏(shi)家族將會(hui)在這里(li)舉辦羅氏(shi)宗(zong)親會(hui),以祭(ji)奠祖先(xian)。在祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)內擺(bai)放著從(cong)羅氏(shi)始祖到(dao)十六世的(de)(de)先(xian)人的(de)(de)靈位。據介(jie)紹,羅家祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)還在不斷進(jin)行完善。
陳家(jia)大院(yuan),是一個原(yuan)(yuan)汁(zhi)原(yuan)(yuan)味的四合院(yuan),據了(le)解(jie)這里是著(zhu)名影星陳沖的祖籍所在地,院(yuan)內專設(she)陳列室供游客觀賞。
永川縣(xian)衙(ya),是一個(ge)現代修建的建筑(zhu)群,因為據考(kao)證古(gu)代永川縣(xian)衙(ya)就位于這里,現代人就仿造古(gu)代建筑(zhu),修建了縣(xian)衙(ya)這個(ge)古(gu)建筑(zhu)群。
主要景點編輯
羅家祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)位(wei)于(yu)松(song)子(zi)(zi)山街邊,始建于(yu)明朝洪武年(nian)間。清“乾隆(long)”年(nian)間,四川解元,時任黔(qian)南太守、貴西巡道的(de)羅文思,倡議擴(kuo)建祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)。他寫信(xin)給時任甘肅泰州(zhou)清水知縣的(de)羅奇英,得到大(da)力支持。羅奇英為羅氏(shi)第(di)十(shi)(shi)四代傳人。在羅奇英的(de)主(zhu)持下,乾隆(long)四十(shi)(shi)年(nian)開始在松(song)溉松(song)子(zi)(zi)山擴(kuo)建祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang),歷(li)時三年(nian),于(yu)乾隆(long)四十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)擴(kuo)建完成(cheng)。取(qu)名“世(shi)德堂(tang)(tang)”,距今已(yi)400多年(nian)了(le)。
羅(luo)(luo)家(jia)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)(tang)建成后,時(shi)逢(feng)當(dang)朝(chao)皇(huang)帝(di)派出(chu)的八府(fu)巡案溯江而上(shang)往(wang)瀘州,行(xing)至松溉,見建祠(ci)(ci)人是他(ta)的老(lao)師(shi),遂贈扁題詞(ci)“羅(luo)(luo)府(fu)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)(tang)”。匾(bian)(bian)長2.8尺,寬1.2尺,“羅(luo)(luo)府(fu)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)(tang)”四字兩(liang)邊是金龍。這塊匾(bian)(bian)至今尚存在(zai)。據知(zhi)在(zai)羅(luo)(luo)家(jia)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)(tang)內,原(yuan)來橫掛著明皇(huang)賜的“家(jia)法匾(bian)(bian)”,用(yong)以(yi)管(guan)教族人。
現存的羅家祠(ci)堂(tang)全貌較好(hao),是(shi)(shi)保存完好(hao)的一座祠(ci)堂(tang)。正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)八根(gen)大柱,柱腳石(shi)(shi)墩(dun)雕刻(ke)的花草、鳥(niao)獸、石(shi)(shi)龍、人物仍(reng)清晰(xi)顯現,橫梁木(mu)質(zhi)串架完好(hao),正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)兩側(ce)是(shi)(shi)古磚所砌(qi)的高風火(huo)墻,正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)房頂(ding)四角斗(dou)翹,每個翹角塑有一條龍,正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)兩側(ce)修(xiu)(xiu)有廂(xiang)房各幾間(jian),石(shi)(shi)拱卷門,門坊(fang)橫石(shi)(shi)梁上也(ye)雕有花草、人物,十分別(bie)致(zhi)。正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)前面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)長方形石(shi)(shi)壩子一塊。前面(mian)(mian)有一座木(mu)質(zhi)戲臺,正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)后邊(bian)的殿(dian)堂(tang)是(shi)(shi)供奉羅氏(shi)歷代祖(zu)宗的神主牌位。這也(ye)類似明、清四合院的建筑結構修(xiu)(xiu)建。
解(jie)放后,根據《中華人(ren)(ren)民共(gong)和國土地(di)使用(yong)法》有(you)關規定,羅府祠堂(tang)(tang)被征用(yong),作為(wei)糧倉。為(wei)恢(hui)復(fu)羅府祠堂(tang)(tang)原貌,在當代企業家羅樹林的倡導(dao)下,成(cheng)立了(le)羅氏會館領導(dao)班子,募集資金。此舉得到松(song)溉鎮黨委、政府的大力支持,在2007年清明節(jie)前(qian)修復(fu)了(le)祠堂(tang)(tang)正殿。并通知(zhi)川、黔、渝等地(di)羅姓(xing)后人(ren)(ren)來松(song)溉祭奠掃墓,兩天內聚集羅姓(xing)家族多達2000人(ren)(ren),聲勢浩大地(di)舉行(xing)了(le)對前(qian)輩崇敬(jing)的祭祀典(dian)禮,請劇團(tuan)、秧歌、腰鼓(gu)隊,為(wei)慶(qing)典(dian)增(zeng)添了(le)喜慶(qing)。
天井起(qi)到將自然光和(he)新風(feng)引入室內的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong),但(dan)其更深層次的(de)(de)意義在(zai)于營造(zao)共(gong)享空(kong)間的(de)(de)聚合氛圍和(he)室內小環境景(jing)觀(guan)的(de)(de)優化作(zuo)用(yong)。下雨時節,在(zai)這樣的(de)(de)內堂里觀(guan)雨不用(yong)淋(lin)濕的(de)(de)感覺又是怎樣一番風(feng)味呢?