中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡古(gu)鎮(zhen),建鎮(zhen)于孫甘(gan)露元(yuan)年(nian)(公元(yuan)265年(nian)),距今將近2000年(nian)歷史,有(you)(you)“文化古(gu)鎮(zhen),旅游鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)”之(zhi)(zhi)美稱。境內有(you)(you)以香橋巖國家(jia)地質(zhi)公園為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的九龍(long)洞(dong)、響水瀑布、鷹山(shan)、洛江古(gu)榕等(deng)自(zi)然風光,以一方保(bao)障、香橋石刻、武廟等(deng)為代表的洛江文化,在區內外享有(you)(you)盛(sheng)名。鎮(zhen)上的古(gu)民居群是(shi)廣西(xi)目前為數不(bu)多并保(bao)存(cun)完好(hao)的古(gu)代民居群之(zhi)(zhi)一。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡古(gu)民居群建于清代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期,房屋一律青磚灰瓦,木質(zhi)構架,古(gu)色古(gu)香。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡古(gu)鎮(zhen)由東西(xi)南北四條街劃分(fen),設四扇(shan)城門,除古(gu)民居外,還有(you)(you)很多保(bao)存(cun)較好(hao)的舊商號、舊客棧(zhan)等(deng)。武廟、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡撫民廳(ting)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡縣參議會和粵(yue)東會館等(deng)歷史文化建筑(zhu)坐落其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),更是(shi)完整地反(fan)映了古(gu)城的歷史風貌。
鐘(zhong)(zhong)秀杰(jie)(jie)故居(ju)位于(yu)中(zhong)渡(du)南(nan)(nan)街古民(min)居(ju)群落中(zhong)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)秀杰(jie)(jie)(1877--1941),中(zhong)渡(du)鎮南(nan)(nan)街人。光(guang)緒二十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(1897年(nian))考秀才時,名列榜(bang)首;1899年(nian)東渡(du)日本考察維新之道(dao),并入日本警政學(xue)(xue)校學(xue)(xue)習警務,常與(yu)馬君武等人接觸(chu),討論救國(guo)(guo)之策(ce);1905年(nian)鐘(zhong)(zhong)秀杰(jie)(jie)加入孫中(zhong)山(shan)在東京成立之中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同(tong)盟會,成為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同(tong)盟會最早(zao)會員(yuan)之一;1907年(nian)奉孫中(zhong)山(shan)之命回國(guo)(guo),參加同(tong)盟會廣(guang)西支(zhi)部活動,同(tong)時在廣(guang)西巡(xun)警道(dao)署(shu)任(ren)(ren)職,兼在廣(guang)西警察學(xue)(xue)堂(tang)及陸軍測量學(xue)(xue)堂(tang)執(zhi)教(jiao)。民(min)國(guo)(guo)5年(nian)(1916年(nian))討袁護國(guo)(guo)時,鐘(zhong)(zhong)秀杰(jie)(jie)南(nan)(nan)下廣(guang)州大元帥(shuai)府任(ren)(ren)職;1921年(nian),鐘(zhong)(zhong)秀杰(jie)(jie)擔任(ren)(ren)中(zhong)渡(du)知事,為革除以往縣政積弊,廢除苛捐雜稅,深得民(min)心。鐘(zhong)(zhong)秀杰(jie)(jie)還(huan)擔任(ren)(ren)過馬平縣(今柳江縣)及宜(yi)山(shan)縣(今宜(yi)州市)縣長,慶遠(yuan)區稅捐稽征局長等職。
明末清初,中渡(du)(du)由撫民廳降為縣治(zhi),縣治(zhi)設在洛江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河畔的中間渡(du)(du)口,(相(xiang)對于舊縣渡(du)(du)口和新(xin)縣渡(du)(du)口而言(yan))。因此地(di)水(shui)路交通方便,到此定居謀(mou)生(sheng)的人逐漸(jian)增多,江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西籍商人和廣(guang)東(dong)籍商人修(xiu)建(jian)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西會(hui)館(已毀)和粵東(dong)會(hui)館,作為商人聚集和旅居、停留場所(suo)。
清光年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間,兩廣總(zong)督岑春煊,廣西巡撫(fu)(fu)張鳴岐聯(lian)銜奏(zou)請設立(li)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)廳(ting)(ting)(廳(ting)(ting)的(de)行(xing)政級別介乎州縣之間,比縣高半級,比州低半級)。清光緒(xu)(xu)三十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1906年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))光緒(xu)(xu)皇帝特(te)準設立(li)中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)廳(ting)(ting),撫(fu)(fu)民(min)廳(ting)(ting)職(zhi)能側重于軍(jun)事,即剿撫(fu)(fu)相(xiang)濟,任命陳嵩灃為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)廳(ting)(ting)同(tong)知(zhi)(正印官,從六品(pin)官階)掌理(li)中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)廳(ting)(ting)防務(wu),統轄桂(gui)防軍(jun)正、副2營。中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)廳(ting)(ting)官署設在中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)鎮北(bei)街82號。老百姓習慣稱之為(wei)武衙門(men)。民(min)國(guo)25年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))為(wei)國(guo)民(min)黨中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)縣縣黨部。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人民(min)解放軍(jun)進駐(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)城(cheng)剿匪,解放軍(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)支隊司令部設置于此(ci)。
中(zhong)渡(du)縣參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)成立于民國二十四(si)年(公元(yuan)1935年),是(shi)中(zhong)渡(du)縣民意(yi)機(ji)構。參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)評論員名(ming)額每鄉選出1人(ren),商會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、教育(yu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、農會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、婦女會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)等地方職業團(tuan)體組織各(ge)選出1人(ren)。參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)設議長1人(ren),秘(mi)書(shu)1人(ren),2—3名(ming)辦事員。民國三十八年(公元(yuan)1949年)中(zhong)渡(du)縣參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)撤銷。
羅(luo)(luo)公館是清代光緒年(nian)間清軍管帶(dai)羅(luo)(luo)舉之于(yu)民國(guo)三年(nian)(公元1914年(nian))所建造。其子羅(luo)(luo)浩(hao)忠(zhong)民國(guo)時(shi)期(qi)曾任浙(zhe)江省第(di)3區行政(zheng)督(du)察專員兼中(zhong)將(jiang)(jiang)保安司令、廣西柳(liu)州行政(zheng)督(du)察專員兼中(zhong)將(jiang)(jiang)保安司令,亦(yi)稱羅(luo)(luo)浩(hao)忠(zhong)官邸。
清朝咸豐元年(nian)(公元1851年(nian)),在(zai)廣西桂平金田(tian)村(cun),天(tian)(tian)王(wang)洪秀全(quan)發動了(le)以推翻清政(zheng)(zheng)府的“太平天(tian)(tian)國(guo)”農民起(qi)義,戰爭波及(ji)到全(quan)國(guo)10多(duo)個省。為保衛城(cheng)防,清咸豐二年(nian)(公元1852年(nian)),清當地政(zheng)(zheng)府在(zai)中(zhong)渡城(cheng)制高點(dian)西眉山頂修筑炮(pao)樓(lou)。古炮(pao)樓(lou)分兩層(ceng)。一層(ceng)用山石砌(qi)成,基礎用混合(he)灰砂夯實;二層(ceng)為青(qing)磚木板樓(lou)結構,設有瞭望孔(kong)(kong)、炮(pao)孔(kong)(kong)、槍(qiang)孔(kong)(kong)等。
洛容縣城(cheng)(cheng)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)遺址原為(wei)洛容縣古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)的護城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)。城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)由(you)鷹山(shan)背(bei)(中(zhong)渡城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟)沿山(shan)脊到鷹山(shan)山(shan)頭,尚保存石(shi)砌城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)100余米,其中(zhong)完好的約70米。唐、宋時期,萬歷(li)三(san)年(1575年)正月遷入靈塘(雒容鎮)。
中(zhong)(zhong)渡武廟(miao)位于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)渡古(gu)鎮上(shang),建于(yu)清(qing)朝時(shi)期,距今已有(you)200多年歷(li)史。廟(miao)宇青磚灰(hui)瓦,造形(xing)和(he)設計充分體現了清(qing)代的建筑風格(ge)。廟(miao)塑有(you)關(guan)羽、關(guan)平、周倉等神像(xiang),具(ju)有(you)較高的藝術和(he)審(shen)美價值(zhi)。
中(zhong)渡(du)城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟舊址位于鷹(ying)山背(bei),為(wei)洛容古(gu)縣城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)護城(cheng)(cheng)廟,約建于宋朝(chao)時期,相傳(chuan)在清朝(chao)光(guang)緒10年,北京城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)太和殿失火(huo)。中(zhong)渡(du)城(cheng)(cheng)隍前往(wang)救火(huo),太和殿上(shang)空(kong)出現“鷹(ying)山城(cheng)(cheng)隍”燈籠一(yi)對(dui)。火(huo)滅后,光(guang)緒皇帝念其救火(huo)有(you)功,遂賜木匾一(yi)塊掛入中(zhong)渡(du)城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟內(nei),匾上(shang)刻有(you)玉璽、龍頭。后在民國年間,城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟徹底被(bei)毀,群眾(zhong)便把(ba)城(cheng)(cheng)隍塑像移到中(zhong)渡(du)武廟內(nei)。
摩崖石刻“一方保障”是記(ji)述明(ming)朝(chao)萬歷年(nian)間,明(ming)王(wang)朝(chao)鎮壓(ya)瑤(yao)族(zu)起義(yi)的文治(zhi)武(wu)功。透(tou)過歷史(shi)的云煙,穿越時(shi)光(guang)隧道(dao),仿佛看到(dao)了瑤(yao)族(zu)同(tong)胞為反抗明(ming)王(wang)朝(chao)的血腥統治(zhi),浴(yu)血奮(fen)戰的慘烈情景。
自(zi)駕從(cong)鹿寨(zhai)汽車總站到(dao)通寶路二巷--飛(fei)鹿大(da)道,從(cong)飛(fei)鹿大(da)道到(dao)X603--X603,從(cong)X603到(dao)中渡鎮。