米倉山國家森林公園是川東北、陜南地區最重要的生態旅游明珠、地質博物館和生物基因庫,森林覆蓋率為97.3%,有“天然氧吧”的美譽。公園內山奇水(shui)(shui)秀,環(huan)境優美(mei),風光迷(mi)人(ren),既有蔚為壯觀的(de)峰(feng)叢(cong)石林(lin),又有險峻無比的(de)巖(yan)崖景觀,幽(you)深神秘的(de)巖(yan)溶(rong)洞穴,融黃山之(zhi)美(mei)、武陵之(zhi)怪、峨(e)眉之(zhi)秀、青(qing)城之(zhi)幽(you)、劍門之(zhi)雄于一體,春(chun)賞山花,夏(xia)看山水(shui)(shui),秋(qiu)觀紅葉,冬詠霧凇,四(si)季(ji)美(mei)景不斷(duan),令(ling)人(ren)心曠神怡,流連忘返(fan)。秋天(tian)是(shi)公園最美的(de)季節,觀葉(xie)樹(shu)種(zhong)有(you)(you)楓(feng)類(lei)、槭類(lei)、水(shui)(shui)青岡(gang)、椴樹(shu)、樺(hua)木、楊樹(shu)等,僅水(shui)(shui)青岡(gang)的(de)分布(bu)面(mian)積就約4000公頃(qing)(qing),水(shui)(shui)青岡(gang)為山毛櫸科,水(shui)(shui)青岡(gang)屬(shu),全世(shi)界目分布(bu)有(you)(you)10-14種(zhong),亞(ya)洲7種(zhong),中國5-6種(zhong),而米倉(cang)山分布(bu)就有(you)(you)4種(zhong),是(shi)地球上水(shui)(shui)青岡(gang)屬(shu)植物起源(yuan)地和現代分布(bu)中心之一,更是(shi)世(shi)界上水(shui)(shui)青岡(gang)分布(bu)最集中、面(mian)積最大(da)的(de)地區。落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)林(lin)面(mian)積約30000公頃(qing)(qing)。其(qi)中牟陽故城的黑熊溝、大小蘭溝、珍稀(xi)植物(wu)園景(jing)色獨特,還(huan)生長著3萬畝珍稀(xi)樹種(zhong)巴山(shan)水青岡(gang),棲息(xi)著黑熊、云(yun)豹等20多(duo)種(zhong)珍稀(xi)動物(wu)。日出(chu)、晚霞、月華、云(yun)海、冰雪、流嵐等也(ye)是不可錯(cuo)過(guo)的天象景(jing)觀。
黑熊(xiong)溝(映水(shui)溪)位于牟陽城(cheng)景區東(dong)部,長10余公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),海拔1600米(mi),距大(da)壩林場場部約4.5公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),北至香爐山(shan)(shan)(shan)15公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),東(dong)到諾水(shui)河風景區約 60公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。黑熊(xiong)溝發源于有(you)“小(xiao)峨嵋”之稱(cheng)的(de)香爐山(shan)(shan)(shan),是焦家河主要的(de)上游支(zhi)流-映水(shui)溪。溝內水(shui)量豐沛,水(shui)質優良(liang)。河床整體由花崗巖構成,奇石密布。兩岸山(shan)(shan)(shan)體構造奇特,巖洞叢生(sheng),長十數公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。
光(guang)(guang)霧山(shan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)南(nan)江的(de)特色(se)(se)。有(you)(you)(you)五(wu)大(da)特點(dian):一(yi)(yi)是(shi)面(mian)積大(da)。米(mi)倉(cang)山(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)森林公(gong)園(yuan)景區有(you)(you)(you)401.6平方(fang)公(gong)里的(de)面(mian)積,其中(zhong)就有(you)(you)(you)300多(duo)平方(fang)公(gong)里集(ji)中(zhong)連片的(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)景觀(guan)。二是(shi)色(se)(se)彩豐。一(yi)(yi)般紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)以(yi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)為主(zhu),而光(guang)(guang)霧山(shan)(米(mi)倉(cang)山(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)森林公(gong)園(yuan))的(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)顏(yan)色(se)(se)呈梯次變化,以(yi)藍、綠、黃、橙、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)為主(zhu)。三(san)是(shi)周(zhou)期長(chang)。觀(guan)賞紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)時間為每年(nian)的(de)10月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬至11月(yue)(yue)底,長(chang)達一(yi)(yi)個(ge)多(duo)月(yue)(yue)之久,第(di)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)階(jie)段看(kan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)五(wu)彩斑斕,第(di)二個(ge)階(jie)段看(kan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)層林盡染,第(di)三(san)個(ge)階(jie)段看(kan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)萬葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)飄丹。四(si)是(shi)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)多(duo)。光(guang)(guang)霧山(shan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)屬落葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)喬木(mu)(mu),有(you)(you)(you)水青岡(gang)(gang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、楓樹(shu)(shu)(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、椴(duan)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、稠李類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、漆樹(shu)(shu)(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、槭樹(shu)(shu)(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、樺木(mu)(mu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、楊樹(shu)(shu)(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、松樹(shu)(shu)(shu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)和(he)檫木(mu)(mu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)20余類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei),還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)薔薇科(ke)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)和(he)四(si)照花類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)植物(wu),共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)40多(duo)種(zhong)。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)形(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)(you)手掌(zhang)狀(zhuang)(如(ru)三(san)角楓、八角楓),雞爪(zhua)(zhua)形(xing)(如(ru)雞爪(zhua)(zhua)槭)、五(wu)星形(xing)(如(ru)五(wu)角楓)、羽毛狀(zhuang)(如(ru)鹽膚木(mu)(mu)等(deng)(deng)(deng))、心臟(zang)形(xing)(如(ru)青榨槭)、船形(xing)(如(ru)稠李類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei))、卵形(xing)(如(ru)水青岡(gang)(gang)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei))、豆(dou)瓣形(xing)(如(ru)栓翅衛矛類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei))、橢圓形(xing)(四(si)照花類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei))、針形(xing)(如(ru)落葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)松)、扇形(xing)(如(ru)銀杏)、鴨(ya)掌(zhang)形(xing)(如(ru)檫木(mu)(mu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei))等(deng)(deng)(deng)20多(duo)種(zhong)形(xing)狀(zhuang)。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)顏(yan)色(se)(se)有(you)(you)(you)火紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、血紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、酒紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、褚紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、鐵紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、玫瑰紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、淡(dan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、紫紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)、金紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)10多(duo)種(zhong)顏(yan)色(se)(se)。五(wu)是(shi)品位高。先后曾(ceng)有(you)(you)(you)英國(guo)(guo)(guo)、德國(guo)(guo)(guo)、法國(guo)(guo)(guo)、加(jia)拿大(da)和(he)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)植物(wu)專(zhuan)家(jia)考察后,把光(guang)(guang)霧山(shan)景區稱(cheng)為“金區”,把光(guang)(guang)霧山(shan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)稱(cheng)為“金葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)”。
大(da)小蘭溝自然保護區(qu),位于米倉山國家森林(lin)(lin)公(gong)園之中(zhong)。1999年1月,經四(si)川省人民政府(fu)批準為省級自然保護區(qu)。總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)6932公(gong)頃(其中(zhong)核心區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)1571公(gong)頃),占米倉山國家森林(lin)(lin)公(gong)園總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)的17.3%。活立(li)木總(zong)蓄(xu)積(ji)為52.84萬立(li)方(fang)米。屬(shu)于暖溫帶森林(lin)(lin)生態型自然保護區(qu)。大(da)小蘭溝的落(luo)葉闊(kuo)葉混交(jiao)林(lin)(lin)植被(bei)、生物(wu)群(qun)落(luo)結構、自然景(jing)觀(guan)和生態環(huan)境均保存(cun)完好。特別是(shi)野生動(dong)植物(wu)種類繁多,有野生動(dong)植物(wu)種類2000余種,生物(wu)生態多樣性和遺傳(chuan)品系多樣性非常明顯,被(bei)譽為“森林(lin)(lin)百(bai)寶箱”、“生物(wu)萬花(hua)筒(tong)”和“珍稀物(wu)種種質基因庫”。
牟陽城景區位于森林公園東部,地處米倉山南麓的腹心地帶,屬于大壩林場。景(jing)區林海茫茫,賞(shang)萬(wan)頃紅葉,觀(guan)(guan)珍稀植物;空(kong)中飛渡(du)連理峰,水上漂流焦家河,大觀(guan)(guan)川北峨嵋香爐山(shan);訪紅軍故里,游米倉古道,尋三(san)國文化(hua)。
香爐(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為牟陽(yang)故城(cheng)景區的最高峰,海拔2330米,系(xi)川陜兩省的界山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),距南江(jiang)縣大壩林場(chang)場(chang)部約19公里(li)。四道龍脊山(shan)(shan)(shan)嶺由主峰向(xiang)四周延伸,山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰險峻突兀,高聳(song)層(ceng)疊,眾山(shan)(shan)(shan)環抱,渾然一(yi)(yi)體,山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰之(zhi)間(jian)時有云霧繚繞(rao),云霧山(shan)(shan)(shan)嵐(lan)冉(ran)冉(ran)升騰,遠望酷似(si)一(yi)(yi)座巨(ju)型香爐(lu),故名(ming)香爐(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。
1、南從(cong)西漢高速到(dao)漢中,南從(cong)重慶、成(cheng)都(dou)經巴(ba)中,再(zai)轉101省(sheng)道可到(dao)達。
2、北從(cong)西漢高速(su)到漢中,南從(cong)重慶、成都(dou)經巴(ba)中,再(zai)轉101省道(dao)可到達(da)。
米(mi)倉山國家森林(lin)公園(yuan)位于(yu)四(si)川盆(pen)地東北邊緣的(de)南江縣北部,地處秦(qin)(qin)巴山區(秦(qin)(qin)嶺-大巴山)的(de)米(mi)倉山南麓(lu)。東、北與(yu)陜西省南鄭縣相鄰,南抵(di)南江縣沙壩鄉(xiang)、關壩鄉(xiang)、寨坡鄉(xiang)和(he)楊壩鎮,西靠廣元(yuan)市旺蒼縣,同光霧山國家風景名(ming)勝區相鄰。北距漢中市約70公里(li)(經鐵爐壩山門),南距巴中市約136公里(li)(經陳家山),西距廣元(yuan)市約216公里(li)(經陳家山)。地理坐標為東經106o38’50”~107o05’56”,北緯32o31’12”~32o44’29”。
米(mi)倉山地處中國(guo)大陸南(nan)(nan)北地理和(he)氣(qi)候以及(ji)生態(tai)的(de)過渡帶(dai),受東南(nan)(nan)季風和(he)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)季風的(de)雙(shuang)重影響,氣(qi)候溫和(he)濕潤,四(si)季分(fen)明,屬亞熱帶(dai)大陸性季風氣(qi)候區域,年降(jiang)水量多達1200毫米(mi)以上,年平均氣(qi)溫約(yue)15°C左右(you)。
米(mi)倉山(shan)多數山(shan)體為圓錐(zhui)狀的石灰巖(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)白(bai)云(yun)巖(yan)(yan)峰叢地(di)貌景觀,峰叢多發(fa)育在山(shan)脈之上,而貴州(zhou)、廣(guang)西的峰叢則主(zhu)要生長在盆地(di)之中。構成米(mi)倉山(shan)巖(yan)(yan)層主(zhu)體的是花崗巖(yan)(yan)、變質砂巖(yan)(yan)、石灰巖(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)白(bai)云(yun)巖(yan)(yan)。米(mi)倉山(shan)主(zhu)峰光霧(wu)山(shan)海拔(ba)2507米(mi),峰體渾圓,是花崗巖(yan)(yan)球(qiu)狀風化、寒凍風化結果造成。
米(mi)倉山自然保(bao)(bao)護區有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)134科554屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1300種(zhong)(zhong),其中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)25科46屬(shu)(shu)(shu)124種(zhong)(zhong);裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)5科11屬(shu)(shu)(shu)17種(zhong)(zhong);被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)129科543屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1200余種(zhong)(zhong)。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)科占全國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)科的55.24%,屬(shu)(shu)(shu)占全國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的29.86%,中國(guo)特(te)有(you)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)和東亞特(te)有(you)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)97個,占總叔叔屬(shu)(shu)(shu)數19.28%。國(guo)家(jia)Ⅰ級重點保(bao)(bao)護野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)紅(hong)(hong)豆杉、南方紅(hong)(hong)豆杉2種(zhong)(zhong),屬(shu)(shu)(shu)國(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級重點保(bao)(bao)護的野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)水青書、連香(xiang)樹、巴山榧、香(xiang)果樹等10種(zhong)(zhong)。還蘊藏有(you)豐富的中藥(yao)(yao)材資源,可直接利用的藥(yao)(yao)用植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)主(zhu)要有(you)黨參、泡參、天麻、桔(jie)梗、柴胡、半夏、杜(du)仲(zhong)、黃柏、五味(wei)子(zi)、南五味(wei)子(zi)、淫(yin)羊藿等多種(zhong)(zhong)。
米倉(cang)山國家(jia)森(sen)林公園內獨特的(de)地形地貌和優(you)越的(de)自然生(sheng)境條件,大面(mian)積保存完(wan)好的(de)原始森(sen)林,為(wei)野生(sheng)動物(wu)提供了良(liang)好的(de)棲息(xi)環境。據統計,保護區內有魚(yu)(yu)類1目2科(ke)7屬(shu)8種(zhong),其中有中國魚(yu)(yu)類新種(zhong)——巴山高(gao)原鰍(qiu)。兩棲類2目5科(ke)7屬(shu)19種(zhong)、爬行類3目5科(ke)15屬(shu)19種(zhong)、鳥類13目37科(ke)81屬(shu)125種(zhong)占、哺(bu)乳類7目23科(ke)47屬(shu)66種(zhong),屬(shu)于(yu)國家(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)重點(dian)(dian)保護的(de)野生(sheng)動物(wu)有豹、云豹、林麝、羚(ling)羊、金雕等五種(zhong);屬(shu)國家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)重點(dian)(dian)保護的(de)野生(sheng)動物(wu)有獼(mi)猴、黑(hei)熊、紅腹角(jiao)雉、斑羚(ling)、大鯢等24種(zhong)。