罨(yan)(yan)(yan)畫(hua)(hua)池(chi)是中(zhong)(zhong)國四川(chuan)(chuan)省成都市(shi)下轄的(de)(de)(de)崇州市(shi)市(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)一處園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin),是四川(chuan)(chuan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)中(zhong)(zhong)川(chuan)(chuan)西園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)代表作之(zhi)(zhi)一。罨(yan)(yan)(yan)畫(hua)(hua)池(chi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)始(shi)建于唐朝(chao),初名(ming)“東(dong)亭”,是一座衙(ya)署園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)。宋時,江原知(zhi)縣趙(zhao)抃(bian)在園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)開鑿罨(yan)(yan)(yan)畫(hua)(hua)池(chi),加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)后來蘇元老、陸(lu)游(you)等文(wen)人的(de)(de)(de)經營,罨(yan)(yan)(yan)畫(hua)(hua)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)格(ge)局大(da)體(ti)奠定(ding),并成為(wei)(wei)蜀中(zhong)(zhong)名(ming)勝。宋之(zhi)(zhi)后,官(guan)方對罨(yan)(yan)(yan)畫(hua)(hua)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)修葺與重(zhong)建大(da)都以紀(ji)念(nian)陸(lu)游(you)、趙(zhao)抃(bian)兩(liang)人為(wei)(wei)主題,罨(yan)(yan)(yan)畫(hua)(hua)池(chi)因而(er)逐漸演變(bian)成為(wei)(wei)現今的(de)(de)(de)公共(gong)性紀(ji)念(nian)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)。
罨畫池(chi)(chi)現存(cun)(cun)建筑(zhu)群多為清朝重建,全(quan)園由罨畫池(chi)(chi)、陸游祠(ci)和(he)州文廟三部分組成(cheng),總占地(di)34541平(ping)方米,其中水面(mian)14600平(ping)方米,建筑(zhu)面(mian)積5946平(ping)方米,全(quan)園格局及建筑(zhu)保(bao)存(cun)(cun)完(wan)好,是中國少數幾處保(bao)存(cun)(cun)至今的(de)(de)唐宋衙署園林(lin)之一。罨畫池(chi)(chi)具有濃厚的(de)(de)地(di)域特(te)色和(he)很高的(de)(de)藝術價值(zhi),是全(quan)國重點文物保(bao)護單(dan)位之一。
罨畫池位于(yu)(yu)城區(qu)中(zhong)心,南鄰文(wen)廟,東(dong)連陸游(you)祠,占(zhan)地約38畝,素有(you)川西名園(yuan)之稱(cheng),是全國重點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單位,始(shi)建于(yu)(yu)唐,成盛景于(yu)(yu)宋,亦曾(ceng)稱(cheng)“東(dong)亭”、“東(dong)湖(hu)”。
園中有(you)琴(qin)鶴堂(tang)、問梅山館、瞑(ming)琴(qin)待鶴之軒、琴(qin)鶴橋(qiao)(qiao)等(deng),均以曾在(zai)本境為官(guan)的趙抃、陸(lu)游事(shi)跡得名。從大門由(you)西(xi)環池(chi)繞(rao)東而北,還有(you)迎賓亭(ting)、尊經閣、風送花(hua)(hua)香入(ru)酒卮、半(ban)潭秋(qiu)水(shui)(shui)一(yi)房山、望月樓、飛虹橋(qiao)(qiao)、疑無路墻(qiang)、“罨畫池(chi)”古(gu)碑、五云溪、比鄰廊(lang)等(deng)景(jing)點。罨畫池(chi)有(you)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)約22畝,分內(nei)池(chi)和外池(chi),外池(chi)中心(xin)有(you)一(yi)座方形亭(ting)子,叫罨畫亭(ting),此亭(ting)四(si)面(mian)環水(shui)(shui),僅(jin)一(yi)石(shi)砌拱橋(qiao)(qiao)可達,亭(ting)邊(bian)古(gu)柏為明朝時栽植,至(zhi)今蒼(cang)翠(cui)挺拔,生命常青(qing)。琴(qin)鶴堂(tang)前,東有(you)假山區,三彎九折,步(bu)移景(jing)換;西(xi)有(you)薈(hui)萃園,是盆(pen)景(jing)精品薈(hui)萃之園,其茶花(hua)(hua)盆(pen)景(jing)風格獨(du)特,在(zai)省內(nei)外頗(po)有(you)影響(xiang)。諸景(jing)點之間或(huo)云墻(qiang)環護、花(hua)(hua)木(mu)掩映,或(huo)曲徑通幽、枝葉(xie)相接。園中玉(yu)蘭、海(hai)棠、梅花(hua)(hua)等(deng)名貴花(hua)(hua)卉達60余種(zhong),銀(yin)杏(xing)、水(shui)(shui)杉、古(gu)楠、古(gu)柏等(deng)樹木(mu)大多(duo)在(zai)百(bai)年(nian)以上。
唐詩(shi)人白居(ju)(ju)易有(you)詩(shi)云:“疑香薰罨畫(hua),似淚著燕脂。”北(bei)宋趙抃更有(you)“占勝(sheng)芳菲(fei)地,標名(ming)(ming)罨畫(hua)池”之名(ming)(ming)。唐代大詩(shi)人杜甫、裴(pei)迪、高適(shi)曾在(zai)此(ci)做詩(shi)唱和,南(nan)宋著名(ming)(ming)愛國(guo)詩(shi)人陸游兩(liang)度在(zai)蜀州(今崇(chong)州)為(wei)官(guan),居(ju)(ju)于園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei),故園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)景點多與之有(you)關。園(yuan)(yuan)中散落(luo)陸游詞鐫刻數十(shi)處,池畔廊、橋、榭(xie)、軒、亭(ting),假山(shan)疏密相(xiang)間(jian),步移景換(huan),具有(you)江(jiang)南(nan)園(yuan)(yuan)林玲瓏秀雅的韻味。