簡要介紹
鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),為(wei)(wei)(wei)中國(guo)(guo)道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)發源地,屬道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。北依青城山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(約 30公里(li)),南鄰峨眉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(約120公里(li)),西接霧中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(約10里(li)),足(zu)抵(di)川(chuan)西平(ping)原,距成都約 70公里(li)。因山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)形似鶴(he)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藏石鶴(he)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)棲仙鶴(he)而得名(ming),為(wei)(wei)(wei)古代(dai)劍南四(si)(si)大名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之一。這里(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢雄偉、林(lin)木繁茂,雙澗(jian)環抱(bao),形如展翅欲飛的(de)立鶴(he);景區(qu)內松柏(bo)成林(lin),蒼翠欲滴(di),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)澗(jian)溪流,泠然有(you)(you)(you)聲,是著名(ming)風景旅(lv)游(you)區(qu)和避(bi)暑勝(sheng)地。鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景區(qu)有(you)(you)(you)眾多的(de)名(ming)勝(sheng)古跡。主要的(de)景點(dian)有(you)(you)(you)三宮廟、文(wen)昌宮、太清(qing)宮、解元(yuan)亭(ting)、八卦亭(ting)、迎仙閣以及建設(she)中的(de)“道(dao)(dao)源圣(sheng)城”等(deng)。鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中還有(you)(you)(you)二(er)十四(si)(si)個山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)洞(dong)(dong),明(ming)代(dai)曹學全《蜀中名(ming)勝(sheng)記(ji)》說“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)(you)二(er)十四(si)(si)洞(dong)(dong),應二(er)十四(si)(si)氣(qi)(五日(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一候,三候為(wei)(wei)(wei)一氣(qi))。洞(dong)(dong)口約闊三尺(chi),深不可測。每(mei)過(guo)一氣(qi),則一洞(dong)(dong)竅(qiao)開,余皆不見”。故(gu)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)十四(si)(si)洞(dong)(dong)。鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)道(dao)(dao)觀1985年被(bei)成都市(shi)政府(fu)批(pi)準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)重點(dian)文(wen)物保護(hu)單位,1987年又被(bei)批(pi)準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)開放點(dian)。“中國(guo)(guo)道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)文(wen)化節”也在鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)設(she)立了(le)會場。
主要景點
迎仙閣
迎(ying)仙閣(ge)兩邊聯題(ti)“人橋同此心(xin)四面(mian)顧瞻一(yi)山(shan)鶴,草木并深(shen)意(yi)八方遮護雙澗鱗”。迎(ying)仙閣(ge)為三重閣(ge)樓,三樓供奉太上老君,二樓供奉靈主(zhu),一(yi)樓供奉青龍、白(bai)虎(hu)。
明洪(hong)武二十(shi)五年,張(zhang)三豐在勸說(shuo)獻王朱椿(chun)入道未成之(zhi)后(hou),因(yin)慕(mu)張(zhang)道陵的(de)仙績,前(qian)(qian)來鶴鳴山(shan)天谷洞(dong)煉丹修行。明代的(de)皇(huang)帝素有崇(chong)尚(shang)道家的(de)傳(chuan)統,明成祖朱棣就是其中(zhong)一位。永(yong)樂五年,朱棣聽(ting)聞張(zhang)三豐在蜀(shu)地的(de)鶴鳴山(shan)修道,隨即遣派禮部(bu)尚(shang)書胡瀅前(qian)(qian)來鶴鳴山(shan)迎(ying)請。
張(zhang)三豐避而不見。無奈之下胡瀅只(zhi)好(hao)苦(ku)苦(ku)守候,直至后(hou)來埋骨鶴鳴山中。朱(zhu)棣并未灰心。數(shu)年后(hou)的一個初春,朱(zhu)棣親手書寫(xie)了(le)一道(dao)御旨交(jiao)給龍虎(hu)山道(dao)士吳伯理,讓他繼續前往(wang)蜀中迎(ying)請(qing)張(zhang)三豐。
然而,吳(wu)伯理也未見其蹤影,只(zhi)好在(zai)鶴鳴山的(de)山麓處修建了(le)一(yi)座迎(ying)仙閣,以(yi)期能在(zai)某一(yi)天相遇。后來,一(yi)直隱(yin)遁不見的(de)張三豐在(zai)南巖的(de)石壁上留下了(le)“三豐隱(yin)者誰(shui)能尋,九室云崖深(shen)更深(shen)”的(de)詩句(ju)。
延祥觀
延祥觀兩邊古木參天,碑(bei)(bei)刻林立(li),有(you)道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)祖庭碑(bei)(bei),鶴鳴(ming)仙(xian)(xian)蹤碑(bei)(bei)、三國志張魯(lu)傳碑(bei)(bei)、華陽國志漢(han)中志碑(bei)(bei)、漢(han)張陵畫(hua)(hua)像(xiang)碑(bei)(bei)、八仙(xian)(xian)畫(hua)(hua)像(xiang)碑(bei)(bei)、觀音畫(hua)(hua)像(xiang)碑(bei)(bei)等(deng)。一些(xie)海內(nei)外(wai)信(xin)眾與道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)學者也在此立(li)碑(bei)(bei),有(you)1998年日本海外(wai)學術(shu)研(yan)究團(tuan)登訪(fang)大邑鶴鳴(ming)山之碑(bei)(bei),香港羅智光所(suo)立(li)飛舞戀想鶴鳴(ming)碑(bei)(bei)等(deng)。
斗姥殿
斗姥殿供奉地姥、王姥,左邊供奉日、月二光。
三圣宮
三(san)(san)圣宮系香港(gang)飛(fei)(fei)雁洞(dong)佛(fo)道社觀主劉(liu)松飛(fei)(fei)捐資修建,高(gao)十八米,上下(xia)二層(ceng),飛(fei)(fei)檐斗拱,立柱回廊,琉璃艷彩,顯(xian)得十分富(fu)麗(li)堂(tang)皇。殿內供奉道祖太上老(lao)君道德天(tian)尊、純陽帝君呂洞(dong)賓(bin)、太極祖師(shi)張(zhang)三(san)(san)豐(feng),兩邊聯為原(yuan)中(zhong)國道教協會會長黎遇航所題:“鶴鳴九霄道興神州方士齊稽(ji)首,龍騰(teng)三(san)(san)界靈顯(xian)大地蒼生發善心”。殿外有(you)張(zhang)三(san)(san)豐(feng)手植古柏一棵,樹圍三(san)(san)米多長,有(you)近千年的(de)樹齡。
天師殿
為(wei)當地人士李耀亨捐資修建。天(tian)師(shi)殿正(zheng)中(zhong)扁題“道(dao)正(zheng)則興”,兩邊(bian)聯為(wei)“威威彩色像莊嚴宛若傳經日(ri),郁(yu)(yu)郁(yu)(yu)鶴鳴山仙(xian)境猶然興道(dao)時”,殿內正(zheng)中(zhong)掛“萬法(fa)宗壇”幡,兩邊(bian)為(wei)“正(zheng)一元(yuan)始大(da)天(tian)尊張天(tian)師(shi)”幡。天(tian)師(shi)跏趺坐,身穿繪有陰陽圖的法(fa)服,頭披紅(hong)色道(dao)巾(jin),左手(shou)(shou)持(chi)陽平治都公印(yin),右手(shou)(shou)結訣(jue)。王(wang)長、馬武手(shou)(shou)持(chi)劍、符(fu),護立兩旁。
上清宮
上清宮又名老君殿(dian),位于天柱峰(feng)頂,前(qian)后兩殿(dian),內供老君塑(su)像(xiang),后殿(dian)為經(jing)樓,門上匾額寫有(you)“鶴(he)鳴(ming)化 ” 。北(bei)宋文學家、畫家、攝大邑令文同曾(ceng)游(you)上清宮,有(you)《題(ti)鶴(he)鳴(ming)化上清宮》、《大邑縣(xian)鶴(he)鳴(ming)觀(guan)所(suo)謂張天師鶴(he)鳴(ming)化也,其東北(bei)絕頂有(you)上清宮》的(de)題(ti)詠。
文昌宮
鶴(he)鳴山的(de)主宮(gong),宮(gong)前有東西(xi)沙(sha)門(men),入內為二(er)殿,供文昌帝君神像。宮(gong)側(ce)有一(yi)花園和(he)放鶴(he)亭(ting)。此宮(gong)俯臨雙澗,東沙(sha)門(men)外有迎仙(xian)橋,西(xi)沙(sha)門(men)外是送仙(xian)橋。一(yi)進宮(gong)門(men),碑石(shi)林立,題記、楹聯甚多。
篆字沱
現名篆字堰(yan)。在鶴(he)鳴山(shan)下(xia)撐(cheng)腰巖,宋陳摶題留篆字刻于石上曰 “ 龜鶴(he)齊壽 ” 四(si)字,今墮入水(shui)中(zhong)。陳摶字圖南號(hao)扶搖子,毫州真源人,周世宗賜(si)白云(yun)先生(sheng)(sheng),宋太宗賜(si)號(hao)希夷先生(sheng)(sheng),隱(yin)華山(shan),善睡。
鶴鳴雙澗透龍泉
在天柱峰下,一(yi)(yi)云東(dong)西(xi)雙(shuang)澗(jian),有大(da)(da)穴(xue)相(xiang)通。東(dong)澗(jian)水漲(zhang),西(xi)澗(jian)可見濁(zhuo)水;西(xi)澗(jian)水漲(zhang),東(dong)澗(jian)可見濁(zhuo)水,號(hao)曰龍池。又云:龍泉(quan)地區的龍泉(quan)寺殿后,有一(yi)(yi)對井(jing)(jing)品列(lie),一(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)通東(dong)澗(jian),一(yi)(yi)井(jing)(jing)通西(xi)澗(jian),如(ru)一(yi)(yi)澗(jian)水漲(zhang),相(xiang)通之(zhi)井(jing)(jing)水即(ji)現渾濁(zhuo),故(gu)有鶴(he)鳴雙(shuang)澗(jian)透龍泉(quan)之(zhi)說。是(shi)大(da)(da)邑八大(da)(da)景之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。
天谷洞
天谷(gu)(gu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在大坪(ping)山(shan)老鸛頂(ding)西(xi)側(ce)冷家(jia)巖(yan)上,從洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)(kou)至(zhi)狹口(kou)(kou)的(de)主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)全長(chang)約(yue)200米(mi),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)區(qu)高(gao)矮寬(kuan)窄不(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng),高(gao)處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)數丈至(zhi)十數丈,寬(kuan)處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)幾(ji)(ji)尺(chi)至(zhi)幾(ji)(ji)丈,矮窄處(chu)人(ren)需匍(pu)匐(fu)前行。主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩(liang)旁(pang)有(you)(you)(you)三清(qing)、三官、平仙、峻仙幾(ji)(ji)個小洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),均與(yu)主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)相通。三清(qing)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)一石(shi)(shi)屏,高(gao)約(yue)兩(liang)丈,寬(kuan)約(yue)3尺(chi),表面聚有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)型乳花,黃(huang)白間色,以石(shi)(shi)擊(ji)之,發出(chu)不(bu)(bu)同聲響(xiang),人(ren)們呼為八音屏。狹口(kou)(kou)原可(ke)進去,內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)一暗(an)(an)河(he),可(ke)聞濤(tao)濤(tao)流水之聲,河(he)上搭(da)有(you)(you)(you)一棕干橋。70年代(dai)中,當地(di)開發暗(an)(an)河(he)水灌地(di),炮打下(xia)的(de)亂石(shi)(shi)將狹口(kou)(kou)堵塞。主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中有(you)(you)(you)狹長(chang)的(de)暗(an)(an)谷(gu)(gu),長(chang)約(yue)20米(mi),左右(you)巖(yan)壁(bi)和頂(ding)端有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)漿凝(ning)成的(de)石(shi)(shi)花,有(you)(you)(you)一倒掛(gua)石(shi)(shi)鐘,高(gao)約(yue)50米(mi)底寬(kuan)10米(mi),鐘旁(pang)有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)漿凝(ning)成的(de)神(shen)像數尊,依(yi)次而(er)立,惜頭部被人(ren)打掉(diao),還有(you)(you)(you)殘存(cun)的(de)石(shi)(shi)漿凝(ning)成的(de)石(shi)(shi)塔、石(shi)(shi)獸等(deng)(deng)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)外(wai)原有(you)(you)(you)廟宇一幢,一樓一底,高(gao)過洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)(kou),供6尊神(shen)像。東漢張(zhang)道陵(ling)、五代(dai)杜光庭(ting)、明初張(zhang)三豐(feng)住鶴鳴(ming)山(shan)時在此洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中修煉(lian)。
交通
在大邑縣城乘坐12路(lu)公交(jiao)車(che)直(zhi)接到鶴鳴山。