地理環境
金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)位于江(jiang)西(xi)東部,與中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)才子之鄉(xiang)臨川交(jiao)界,山(shan)(shan)川秀麗(li),人文薈(hui)萃,是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)“陸王心(xin)(xin)學(xue)(xue)”創(chuang)始人陸九淵(yuan)(號(hao)象(xiang)山(shan)(shan))的(de)(de)(de)故(gu)鄉(xiang),也是(shi)明清時(shi)江(jiang)南雕版印書(shu)業的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin),素有(you)(you)“象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)故(gu)里”、“江(jiang)南書(shu)鄉(xiang)”之美(mei)譽,書(shu)香文化氣息濃(nong)厚。 象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園結束了金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)無大型(xing)公(gong)共綠地的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi),使(shi)綠化景(jing)觀的(de)(de)(de)概念更深層次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)為金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)人民所接受。象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)植物造景(jing)構思精巧,獨具匠心(xin)(xin),將金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)鄉(xiang)土樹種和(he)外來樹種很好的(de)(de)(de)融入到(dao)了一起(qi), 提升金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)綠化景(jing)觀的(de)(de)(de)觀賞性,美(mei)化了金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing),讓金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)在贛東北的(de)(de)(de)大地上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)了自己的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)學(xue)(xue)符號(hao)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)歷史(shi)上(shang)(shang)出產(chan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)銀,縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)東附近的(de)(de)(de)白面(mian)塢產(chan)銀,南唐李(li)煜時(shi),此地曾開設采銀場;在縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)南門外,有(you)(you)小溪(xi)自上(shang)(shang)幕嶺發源,銹水較重,其色(se)(se)如金(jin)(jin)(jin),當地人稱為金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)水。有(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)出產(chan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)銀,有(you)(you)溪(xi)水色(se)(se)如金(jin)(jin)(jin),故(gu)縣(xian)(xian)得(de)名金(jin)(jin)(jin)溪(xi)。作縣(xian)(xian)名沿用至今(jin)。秀谷、珊城(cheng)是(shi)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)美(mei)稱。
內部結構
象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園秉承金(jin)(jin)溪的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化特色,在造園內(nei)容(rong)上以琴、棋(qi)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)、畫為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)題(ti)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan),突出(chu)金(jin)(jin)溪的(de)(de)書(shu)(shu)(shu)香(xiang)文(wen)(wen)化氣(qi)息。在四大(da)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)題(ti)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)的(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)上多采用松(羅(luo)漢(han)松、五針松)、竹(紫(zi)竹)、梅(臘梅)這“歲寒三友(you)”以表(biao)示書(shu)(shu)(shu)香(xiang)人家堅貞節操(cao)的(de)(de)人品;以及栽(zai)種桃(碧桃、夾竹桃、金(jin)(jin)絲桃)、綠(lv)葉植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)以表(biao)達金(jin)(jin)溪教(jiao)育的(de)(de)“桃李滿天下”;并(bing)在樹木(mu)及綠(lv)籬栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)排(pai)列上采用方(fang)圓形狀以隱(yin)喻“無規矩(ju)不成方(fang)圓”來贊揚(yang)嚴謹(jin)的(de)(de)治學風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)。公(gong)園面積宏大(da),地(di)勢起伏,景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體以象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)閣、象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)塔、象(xiang)山(shan)(shan)湖組成,兩(liang)樓依水,交相輝映。園林風(feng)(feng)格基本(ben)以江南(nan)園林風(feng)(feng)貌為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),結合了(le)蘇杭兩(liang)地(di)園林的(de)(de)精髓之處,既有布局緊(jin)湊,精心(xin)雕琢的(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)小(xiao)品,又有恢弘大(da)氣(qi),師(shi)法自然的(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)群落。公(gong)園文(wen)(wen)化氣(qi)息濃厚,南(nan)廣(guang)(guang)場出(chu)以琴、棋(qi)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)、畫為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)題(ti),精心(xin)布局了(le)旱橋流水,棋(qi)盤(pan)廣(guang)(guang)場等(deng)園林小(xiao)品, 其中植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)以杜英、羅(luo)漢(han)松、紅葉石(shi)楠等(deng)低矮喬(qiao)木(mu)、灌木(mu)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)種植(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)或三五成群,或工整(zheng)排(pai)列,錯落有致,與周(zhou)邊蜿(wan)蜒曲折的(de)(de)園路相印(yin)成趣(qu),給景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)小(xiao)品增添(tian)了(le)聲(sheng)色,使景(jing)(jing)致更具靈氣(qi)、活力和感染力。
象山公園植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)多(duo)達30多(duo)種(zhong),根據(ju)當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候條件,在季(ji)(ji)節樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)上(shang)進(jin)行(xing)合理選擇,如春季(ji)(ji)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)如垂(chui)(chui)絲海棠、山茶(cha)、紫(zi)(zi)葉(xie)李、桃(tao)花(hua)、紫(zi)(zi)荊、丁香;秋季(ji)(ji)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)如雞爪槭、銀(yin)杏、南天(tian)(tian)(tian)竹、紅(hong)(hong)葉(xie)石楠、紅(hong)(hong)楓;冬季(ji)(ji)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)如羅漢松(song)、五針松(song)、臘(la)梅、紫(zi)(zi)竹;夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)如桂(gui)花(hua)、垂(chui)(chui)柳等。這(zhe)些植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)行(xing)精心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計,相互搭配種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),春天(tian)(tian)(tian)山茶(cha)、桃(tao)花(hua)遍地(di)盛開(kai),生機勃勃;秋季(ji)(ji)銀(yin)杏、雞爪槭、紅(hong)(hong)楓競(jing)相爭艷(yan),層林盡染(ran)(ran);冬天(tian)(tian)(tian)“歲寒三(san)友”銀(yin)裝(zhuang)素裹,傲雪凌霜(shuang);夏(xia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)垂(chui)(chui)柳依(yi)依(yi),桂(gui)香滿園;做到象山公園處(chu)處(chu)有(you)景(jing)看(kan),季(ji)(ji)季(ji)(ji)有(you)花(hua)賞。 公園的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)景(jing)觀營造強調藝(yi)術性(xing)與(yu)科(ke)學性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相結合,不僅在藝(yi)術上(shang)體現出金(jin)溪縣(xian)悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人文歷史背景(jing),也能發(fa)揮植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境資源價值。當前(qian),金(jin)溪縣(xian)正走(zou)在經(jing)濟發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)步伐上(shang),各類(lei)工業建筑(zhu)相應(ying)而(er)生,原(yuan)(yuan)有(you)生態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境遭到了一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞,而(er)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可以改善小氣候、保持水土、降低噪(zao)音(yin)、吸收和(he)分解(jie)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等作用,象山公園的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配置(zhi)依(yi)據(ju)金(jin)溪縣(xian)原(yuan)(yuan)有(you)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)自然群落(luo)生態(tai)條件和(he)規律進(jin)行(xing)設(she)(she)計,所形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人工植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群落(luo)在一定程度(du)上(shang)緩解(jie)了環(huan)(huan)(huan)境上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li),保持了金(jin)溪縣(xian)原(yuan)(yuan)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境。