具茨(ci)山(shan)(shan)古(gu)稱具茨(ci)山(shan)(shan),現在名為(wei)始祖山(shan)(shan),位(wei)(wei)于新鄭市(shi)區西(xi)南15公里處的(de)辛店(dian)鎮(zhen)境內,面(mian)積(ji)約12平方公里,山(shan)(shan)清(qing)水秀,風景如畫(hua),黃帝(di)文(wen)化(hua)遺跡遍布(bu)山(shan)(shan)野。2000年7月,河(he)(he)南省人民政府公布(bu)山(shan)(shan)頂的(de)軒轅廟(miao)等(deng)景點為(wei)省級重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)(wei),2001年,公布(bu)為(wei)全國僑聯愛國主(zhu)義教育基(ji)地。2003年始祖山(shan)(shan)被(bei)河(he)(he)南省林業廳(ting)批準(zhun)為(wei)省級森林公園,2005年被(bei)批準(zhun)國家級森林公園。
始(shi)祖(zu)山(shan)(shan)主峰(feng)風(feng)(feng)后(hou)嶺(ling)海拔793米(mi),相(xiang)對高度(du)540米(mi),遠(yuan)遠(yuan)望(wang)(wang)去(qu),好似一(yi)尊軒轅黃帝像,偉岸挺拔,眉眼畢現,蔚(yu)蔚(yu)壯觀,令人肅(su)然起敬(jing)。風(feng)(feng)后(hou)嶺(ling)南坡和東坡為數百(bai)米(mi)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)懸崖峭壁,奇峰(feng)怪石林(lin)立,構成(cheng)高峻雄偉的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)岳(yue)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)。同(tong)時(shi),山(shan)(shan)坡上叢林(lin)密布,果園(yuan)飄香,山(shan)(shan)半腰的(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)崗廟(miao)水庫,水平如鏡(jing),清(qing)(qing)澈(che)見(jian)底,西坡的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑龍潭、玉女池,溪水潺潺,波(bo)光瀲影,嫵媚動人,形成(cheng)山(shan)(shan)、水、泉、林(lin)融為一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)秀麗景(jing)色。近(jin)年(nian)來,全市(shi)累計有20余萬(wan)人次上山(shan)(shan)植樹(shu),新植常青(qing)樹(shu)種20萬(wan)株,始(shi)祖(zu)山(shan)(shan)森林(lin)植物達到48科252屬200多種,林(lin)地面積達4667公頃,森林(lin)覆蓋率達90%以上,形成(cheng)了垂直(zhi)(zhi)分布的(de)(de)(de)(de)闊葉(xie)混交林(lin)帶(dai),生物生態林(lin)帶(dai)、灌木植物林(lin)帶(dai)等三(san)個群(qun)落。站在(zai)山(shan)(shan)腳下的(de)(de)(de)(de)駝窯村(cun),仰觀始(shi)祖(zu)山(shan)(shan)東坡,數百(bai)米(mi)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)懸崖峭壁直(zhi)(zhi)插云霄,怪石林(lin)立,險峰(feng)突兀。走(zou)進山(shan)(shan)門,登(deng)上望(wang)(wang)祖(zu)亭,遙觀山(shan)(shan)頂,依山(shan)(shan)勢而成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)炎黃二帝巨雕坐像清(qing)(qing)晰可見(jian),惟(wei)妙惟(wei)肖,栩栩如生。
由望(wang)祖(zu)亭上行不遠,便是正(zheng)在興(xing)建的黃帝大宗祠。大宗祠高30米,寬27米,為(wei)仿古建筑(zhu),投資(zi)1200萬元(yuan),是省“九五”期(qi)間(jian)重點建設旅(lv)游項目。建成(cheng)后(hou),將成(cheng)為(wei)海(hai)內外炎黃子(zi)孫尋(xun)根拜(bai)祖(zu)的“東方麥加”。從黃帝大宗祠拾級(ji)而上,登(deng)408個臺(tai)階,便到(dao)了(le)嫘(lei)祖(zu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(古傳為(wei)娘娘廟)。這是古時(shi)人們(men)在懸(xuan)(xuan)崖絕壁上鑿挖的大石(shi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),內供有嫘(lei)祖(zu)、嫫(mo)母塑像。扶石(shi)梯攀登(deng)到(dao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)口(kou),可(ke)見洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內燒香(xiang)拜(bai)祖(zu)的游人成(cheng)群結隊,煙霧(wu)繚繞。站在洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou),已是身居云霧(wu)中,眼(yan)望(wang)處叢林片片,綠海(hai)泛波,紫氣升騰。嫘(lei)祖(zu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)外左邊不遠的懸(xuan)(xuan)崖上,有一小龕(kan),叫(jiao)做“求子(zi)龕(kan)”。傳說每次揀7個石(shi)子(zi)往(wang)上投,投進幾個石(shi)子(zi),娘娘送給(gei)你幾個兒(er)子(zi)。由嫘(lei)祖(zu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)登(deng)高而上,到(dao)達力牧(mu)峰,可(ke)望(wang)見遠處高大的雄鷹石(shi),似蒼(cang)勁的雄鷹蹲(dun)在山巔,傲視(shi)蒼(cang)穹(qiong)。
登(deng)上(shang)山頂,便到了黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)祠中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)外。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)是(shi)仿漢代建筑,赤柱畫棟,飛檐挑(tiao)角。紅磚(zhuan)綠瓦,雄偉壯(zhuang)觀。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)里(li)(li)有(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)閣(ge)。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)閣(ge)下(xia)是(shi)黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)迎日推(tui)策(ce)峰,峰上(shang)有(you)(you)四(si)臺:黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)推(tui)策(ce)臺,群臣盟誓(shi)臺,智慧臺,鴛鴦臺。傳(chuan)說是(shi)“黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)獲寶鼎,迎日推(tui)策(ce),舉風后、力(li)牧、常(chang)先(xian)、大(da)鴻治(zhi)民(min)”的(de)遺址。推(tui)策(ce)臺上(shang),至今還有(you)(you)黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)腳印和黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)與(yu)嫘(lei)祖的(de)座印。站(zhan)在(zai)迎日推(tui)策(ce)峰上(shang)拍手,中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)前(qian)便會出(chu)現彈琴(qin)似的(de)回(hui)音(yin)。回(hui)音(yin)形成一線,可傳(chuan)數十米遠(yuan)。出(chu)名院士傅喜年先(xian)生曾(ceng)在(zai)此(ci)拍手親試,說,“這里(li)(li)的(de)琴(qin)聲回(hui)音(yin)出(chu)現在(zai)山峰上(shang),確(que)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華一絕。”
回(hui)首(shou)進中(zhong)天門(men),迎面(mian)便是始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)山軒(xuan)轅(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)閣(ge)(ge)前的(de)石(shi)碑 始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)山景(jing)觀 ,上刻李(li)德(de)生(sheng)題(ti)寫的(de)碑文(wen)“巍(wei)巍(wei)具茨山,文(wen)明八千(qian)年”。始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)山軒(xuan)轅(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)閣(ge)(ge)是四層(ceng)樓閣(ge)(ge),紅墻綠(lv)(lv)瓦,雕梁畫棟,挑(tiao)角飛檐,雄偉肅(su)穆。登上樓閣(ge)(ge),極目四望(wang),頓覺心(xin)曠(kuang)神怡。往(wang)西看,峰峰嶺嶺起波瀾,重巒(luan)疊嶂山連(lian)山;往(wang)北看,綠(lv)(lv)野無(wu)垠大(da)平(ping)原(yuan),九(jiu)曲黃河(he)入青天;往(wang)東看,水庫似鏡銀光閃,溪(xi)水淙(cong)淙(cong)流(liu)深潭。由軒(xuan)轅(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)閣(ge)(ge)往(wang)西走(zou),山頂是保存數千(qian)年的(de)古建筑——軒(xuan)轅(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)廟。大(da)殿全是青石(shi)板砌成(cheng),石(shi)墻、石(shi)架(jia)、石(shi)頂、石(shi)門(men)、石(shi)窗,內供軒(xuan)轅(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)黃帝老年坐像(xiang)。門(men)上方懸掛全國政協副主席程思遠題(ti)寫的(de)“人文(wen)初祖(zu)(zu)”匾額。門(men)外(wai)立一石(shi)碑,有(you)前文(wen)化部部長(chang)賀敬之題(ti)寫的(de)“中(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)明始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)(zu)”碑文(wen)。此廟于2000年被河(he)南省(sheng)人民政府公布為河(he)南省(sheng)重點文(wen)物保護單(dan)位。
在(zai)軒轅廟北邊,是歷代(dai)名(ming)人登山拜(bai)祖(zu)頌黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)的石刻碑(bei)群。傳(chuan)說,歷代(dai)名(ming)人和百(bai)姓(xing)每年三月三登山拜(bai)祖(zu),延續至今。近年來(lai)有韓國(guo)、印(yin)度尼西亞、新(xin)加坡等(deng)地(di)華人組團登山拜(bai)祖(zu)。 現在(zai),盤(pan)山公(gong)路直達山頂。遍山野的黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)文(wen)化遺址,如軒轅宮(gong)、南崖(ya)宮(gong)、黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)避暑宮(gong)、黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)御花園、大鴻屯兵處以(yi)及少典祠、黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)自(zi)然山飲馬泉(quan)、嫘祖(zu)廟、黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)三女(nv)冢等(deng)正(zheng)在(zai)開發,迎接海內外人士觀光拜(bai)祖(zu)。