樞紐建筑
百(bai)色(se)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利樞紐工程位(wei)(wei)于百(bai)色(se)市(shi)上游22公里的右江比較平(ping)直開闊(kuo)的“V”形斜向谷河段上,河水(shui)(shui)(shui)自北向南流(liu)。平(ping)水(shui)(shui)(shui)年(nian)(nian)河寬 4 5-110米(mi)(mi)(mi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)0-12米(mi)(mi)(mi)。百(bai)色(se)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫壩址以上集雨面積1.96萬(wan)平(ping)方公里,多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均流(liu)量(liang)263秒立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi);年(nian)(nian)徑(jing)流(liu)量(liang)82.9億(yi)立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫正常蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)228米(mi)(mi)(mi),相應庫容48億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi);最高洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)233.45米(mi)(mi)(mi),相應總(zong)庫容56億(yi)立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi);防洪限制水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)214米(mi)(mi)(mi),防洪庫容16.4億(yi)立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),死(si)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)203米(mi)(mi)(mi),死(si)庫容21.8億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi);水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫調(diao)節(jie)庫容26.2億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi),屬不完全多年(nian)(nian)調(diao)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫。
樞紐主(zhu)要建筑物包括碾壓(ya)混凝(ning)土主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)一座,地(di)下(xia)廠房(fang)(fang)一座、副壩(ba)(ba)兩座、通航建筑物一座。主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)為(wei)全(quan)斷面碾壓(ya)混凝(ning)土壩(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)高130米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)頂長(chang)(chang)720 米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)頂寬度10米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)頂高程(cheng)234米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。副壩(ba)(ba)為(wei)39米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)銀(yin)屯土石壩(ba)(ba)和26米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)香屯均(jun)質(zhi)土壩(ba)(ba),位于壩(ba)(ba)址(zhi)上游(you)左(zuo)岸(an),距(ju)離壩(ba)(ba)址(zhi)約5Km。碾壓(ya)混凝(ning)土主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)最大壩(ba)(ba)高130m。地(di)下(xia)廠房(fang)(fang)布置在壩(ba)(ba)址(zhi)左(zuo)岸(an),裝機4×135MW,由進(jin)水(shui)渠、進(jin)水(shui)塔、引水(shui)隧(sui)洞(dong)、主(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)、主(zhu)變室、尾水(shui)洞(dong)、交(jiao)通洞(dong)及高壓(ya)出線(xian)洞(dong)等組成。其(qi)電主(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)總長(chang)(chang)147米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬19.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),高49米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。
機組額(e)(e)定(ding)水(shui)頭88米,水(shui)輪機轉(zhuan)輪直徑4.3米,額(e)(e)定(ding)轉(zhuan)速166.7r/min,水(shui)輪機安(an)裝(zhuang)高(gao)程115.2米,總(zong)裝(zhuang)機容量540MW,年(nian)(nian)(nian)利(li)用(yong)小時(shi)3150h,多年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量17.01億千瓦(wa)時(shi),,枯水(shui)期保證(zheng)出(chu)力12.3萬千瓦(wa);調(diao)峰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量占年(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的64%以上;可(ke)緩解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網峰谷差矛盾(dun)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供需矛盾(dun)。另外,在水(shui)庫調(diao)蓄作用(yong)下(xia),將(jiang)使下(xia)游九個(ge)梯級(ji)的枯水(shui)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)增加3.67億千瓦(wa)時(shi),其中已建(jian)(jian)的西(xi)津、貴港、桂(gui)平三個(ge)梯級(ji)及同步建(jian)(jian)設的那吉(ji)梯級(ji)將(jiang)增加枯水(shui)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)1.87億千瓦(wa)時(shi)。通航(hang)建(jian)(jian)筑物為垂直升船機,其通航(hang)規模為2×3O0t級(ji)。工程總(zong)投資約60億元人民幣。
百色(se)工程電站(zhan)建設(she)總工期(qi)6年(nian),單(dan)位千瓦投(tou)資9381元(yuan)/KW,單(dan)位電能投(tou)資2.98元(yuan)/KW·h,經濟(ji)內部(bu)收益(yi)率27.22%,財務內部(bu)收益(yi)率FIRR 4.73%;以還(huan)貸期(qi) 20年(nian)測(ce)算,電站(zhan)上(shang)網電價為0.26元(yuan)/KW.h,具有較強的市場競爭力。
建設過程
工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)(she)期間的(de)項目法人由(you)水利部和廣(guang)西共(gong)同組(zu)建(jian)的(de)廣(guang)西右江水利開(kai)發有(you)限責(ze)任(ren)公司承擔,由(you)其負責(ze)按照國家有(you)關規定進行工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)(she),并對工(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量與建(jian)設(she)(she)投資管理(li)負責(ze)。 由(you)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)程地形、地質(zhi)(zhi)條件復雜,壩高(gao)、庫大(da)(da)、地下洞室群密集(ji),對勘(kan)察、設(she)(she)計都極(ji)具挑戰性。通過我院近十(shi)年(nian)(nian)的(de)勘(kan)察、科研攻(gong)關及(ji)設(she)(she)計優化工(gong)(gong)作,解決(jue)了大(da)(da)量工(gong)(gong)程技術難題,拿(na)出了高(gao)水平、高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)勘(kan)測設(she)(she)計成果。工(gong)(gong)程于(yu)2001年(nian)(nian)10月開(kai)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)(she),于(yu)2002年(nian)(nian)10月截流, 2006年(nian)(nian)10月竣工(gong)(gong)。 ?
樞紐效益
發電
百色水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站裝(zhuang)機容量達到54萬(wan)(wan)千瓦,最大出力58萬(wan)(wan)千瓦,年(nian)利用(yong)小時數為3150小時,多年(nian)平均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量為17.01億度(du)(du),枯(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)期(qi)保證出力12.3萬(wan)(wan)千瓦;水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)為不(bu)完全多年(nian)調節水(shui)(shui)庫(ku),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站可承擔廣西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分調峰(feng)任務,枯(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)年(nian)調峰(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量占電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站年(nian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)(de)64%以(yi)上(shang),可以(yi)緩解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)峰(feng)谷差矛盾和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需矛盾。另外(wai),百色水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)建成后,在它的(de)(de)(de)調蓄(xu)作用(yong)下,將使下游九個(ge)(ge)梯(ti)級的(de)(de)(de)枯(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)期(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能增(zeng)加3.67億度(du)(du);其(qi)(qi)中已建的(de)(de)(de)西津、貴(gui)港、桂平三個(ge)(ge)梯(ti)級及同(tong)步(bu)建設的(de)(de)(de)那吉梯(ti)級將增(zeng)加枯(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)期(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能1.87億度(du)(du)。它的(de)(de)(de)建成也會大大促進(jin)下游其(qi)(qi)余5個(ge)(ge)梯(ti)級的(de)(de)(de)建設進(jin)程(cheng)。
灌溉
百色水庫建(jian)成后,可(ke)為壩址下(xia)游(you)的(de)右江盆(pen)地農業(ye)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)及下(xia)游(you)沿岸城鎮、工礦企(qi)業(ye)的(de)生產、生活用水提(ti)供(gong)水質、水量(liang)(liang)、電量(liang)(liang)保(bao)證。可(ke)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)和(he)改(gai)善水田(tian)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)15.61萬畝(mu),增加(jia)丘陵地的(de)水果灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)11萬畝(mu),保(bao)證灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)增至58. 4萬畝(mu),擴(kuo)大(da)(da)自流灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)約3400畝(mu)。
通航
南寧至(zhi)百(bai)(bai)色河(he)段現為六級(ji)(ji)航(hang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),目(mu)前只(zhi)能通(tong)(tong)航(hang)120噸(dun)級(ji)(ji)船舶,而且枯水期需減載運(yun)行,百(bai)(bai)色以上河(he)段現無營運(yun)性通(tong)(tong)航(hang)。百(bai)(bai)色水利樞紐工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)成后,經(jing)過(guo)枯水流(liu)量調節(jie),并(bing)輔以航(hang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)整治,可(ke)使(shi)百(bai)(bai)色至(zhi)田東(dong)(dong)河(he)段通(tong)(tong)航(hang)300噸(dun)級(ji)(ji)船舶,達(da)到五級(ji)(ji)航(hang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)標準(zhun);田東(dong)(dong)至(zhi)南寧河(he)段通(tong)(tong)航(hang)500噸(dun)級(ji)(ji)船舶,達(da)到四級(ji)(ji)航(hang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)標準(zhun);同(tong)時渠(qu)化庫區上游(you)原(yuan)干流(liu)108公里。庫區形成深水航(hang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。樞紐二期工(gong)程2 X 300 噸(dun)級(ji)(ji)通(tong)(tong)航(hang)過(guo)壩建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物興建(jian)(jian)后,就(jiu)可(ke)以使(shi)滇東(dong)(dong)南地區連通(tong)(tong)廣西乃至(zhi)出海的運(yun)輸航(hang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),為發展右江(jiang)航(hang)運(yun)創造條件。
防洪
百色(se)水利(li)樞紐工程對提高(gao)廣西(xi)自治(zhi)區(qu)首府南寧市防洪標準,對促(cu)進廣西(xi)、云南經濟(ji)發展,帶動右江(jiang)革命(ming)老區(qu)脫貧(pin)致(zhi)富,保障當(dang)地經濟(ji)社會的可持續發展具有(you)重要意義。