芒果视频

歷史地位

大伙房是中國第一個五年計劃中的第一個大型水庫，是當時全國第二大水庫，現已成為沈陽、撫順兩大城市居民飲用水的重要水源地。大伙房水庫歷史悠久，早在春秋戰國時期就有人在這里生息，至今仍留有(you)大量歷(li)史遺跡。

根據2002年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)和(he)(he)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)的調(diao)查,大伙(huo)房水庫浮(fu)(fu)游(you)動(dong)物(wu)共35屬(shu)61種,其(qi)中原生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)10屬(shu)18種、輪蟲(chong)9科(ke)13屬(shu)24種、枝角類5科(ke)8屬(shu)13種、橈(rao)足(zu)類2科(ke)5屬(shu)6種,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)量(liang)為(wei)17 677個/L和(he)(he)2.0647 mg/L,數(shu)(shu)量(liang)以急游(you)蟲(chong)、俠(xia)盜蟲(chong)、長肢(zhi)多肢(zhi)輪蟲(chong)、螺形龜(gui)甲輪蟲(chong)、透明溞和(he)(he)近鄰劍水蚤最多.浮(fu)(fu)游(you)動(dong)物(wu)的數(shu)(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)量(liang)時空分布較明顯,時間上6月(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)高峰,而生(sheng)物(wu)量(liang)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)高峰;水平(ping)分布中游(you)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)量(liang)均(jun)最低,下游(you)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)量(liang)均(jun)最高.水庫浮(fu)(fu)游(you)動(dong)物(wu)每年(nian)(nian)可為(wei)浮(fu)(fu)游(you)動(dong)物(wu)食性魚類提(ti)供793 t魚產(chan)力.

位于遼(liao)河支流渾(hun)河中(zhong)上游(you)，遼(liao)寧(ning)省撫(fu)(fu)順市(shi)境內(nei)，距(ju)撫(fu)(fu)順市(shi)18km，距(ju)沈陽市(shi)68km，是一座防洪、供水、灌(guan)溉(gai)、發電、養(yang)魚等(deng)綜合利(li)用(yong)的大型水利(li)工程。

工程概況

大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)碾壓式(shi)黏(nian)土心墻復式(shi)斷面土壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)，壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)139.2m，最(zui)(zui)大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高49.2m，壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)(chang)(chang)1366.7m。二(er)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)最(zui)(zui)大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高31.4m，壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)(chang)(chang)327.9m。兩(liang)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)皆設(she)有(you)1m高的(de)防浪墻。三壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)均質土壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)，壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)140.7m，最(zui)(zui)大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高10m，壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)(chang)(chang)85m。主(zhu)溢(yi)洪道為(wei)直泄(xie)陡槽式(shi)，底坎高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)125m，裝(zhuang)有(you)5扇10.4m×7m的(de)弧(hu)形(xing)閘門(men)。第一(yi)非常溢(yi)洪道為(wei)真空堰(yan)(yan)(yan)，堰(yan)(yan)(yan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)134m，前緣(yuan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)180m。第二(er)非常溢(yi)洪道為(wei)寬頂(ding)(ding)(ding)堰(yan)(yan)(yan)，堰(yan)(yan)(yan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)130m，前緣(yuan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)150m，堰(yan)(yan)(yan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)設(she)有(you)自潰式(shi)土堤，堤頂(ding)(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)139m。輸(shu)水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)進口(kou)底板高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)94m，洞(dong)(dong)徑(jing)6.5m，主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)長(chang)(chang)(chang)251m，進口(kou)設(she)有(you)兩(liang)扇高壓檢修門(men)，主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)末(mo)端有(you)一(yi)支洞(dong)(dong)和二(er)支洞(dong)(dong)。一(yi)支洞(dong)(dong)末(mo)端設(she)有(you)水(shui)力發電站，裝(zhuang)機容量3.2萬(wan)(wan)kW；二(er)支洞(dong)(dong)為(wei)泄(xie)洪洞(dong)(dong)，出口(kou)裝(zhuang)有(you)2扇平板閘門(men)。樞紐(niu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)累計土方(fang)(fang)874.2萬(wan)(wan)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，石方(fang)(fang)224.5萬(wan)(wan)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，混凝土12萬(wan)(wan)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，鋼材2781t，水(shui)泥19249t，木材8萬(wan)(wan)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)1954年4月(yue)開工，1958年9月(yue)竣工并(bing)投入使用。

改革(ge)開(kai)放以(yi)來(lai)，大伙房水庫(ku)以(yi)建(jian)設和諧水庫(ku)為目(mu)標，以(yi)先(xian)進性教育為契機，把精神(shen)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設貫穿于生(sheng)產經(jing)營的(de)各個環節，收到了(le)內(nei)增凝聚力(li)(li)、外(wai)增吸引力(li)(li)、提高向心力(li)(li)、發展生(sheng)產力(li)(li)的(de)良好(hao)效(xiao)果，三個文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設又(you)有(you)新的(de)突破，為遼(liao)寧經(jing)濟的(de)發展和老工業(ye)基地的(de)振興(xing)作出了(le)巨大貢獻。

近10年，水庫的水質基本上(shang)維持在(zai)國家二(er)類水的標(biao)準上(shang)。

為從根(gen)本上(shang)解決水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源短缺問題，國(guo)家(jia)2001年(nian)批(pi)復(fu)(fu)了大(da)(da)伙房水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)一期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，2005年(nian)批(pi)復(fu)(fu)了二(er)(er)期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。大(da)(da)伙房水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)年(nian)調水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)18億(yi)(yi)立方米(mi)，總投資(zi)103億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，將(jiang)(jiang)解決遼寧(ning)中部撫順、沈陽(yang)、遼陽(yang)、鞍(an)山、營(ying)口(kou)、盤錦(jin)6城市(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)及(ji)居(ju)民(min)生活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。大(da)(da)連(lian)市(shi)預將(jiang)(jiang)從鞍(an)山取水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)取用來(lai)自(zi)撫順大(da)(da)伙房水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，預計2007年(nian)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。二(er)(er)期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是目前(qian)國(guo)內管道輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)距離(li)最(zui)長、輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)最(zui)大(da)(da)、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方式最(zui)復(fu)(fu)雜(za)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，設計總工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期42個月，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)概算投資(zi)49.06億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)。

遼寧大伙房(fang)水(shui)庫輸水(shui)隧洞(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程 直徑(jing)8m，連(lian)續全長(chang)(chang)85.3km，是世界(jie)上最長(chang)(chang)的連(lian)續隧洞(dong)。2003年開工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設，本(ben)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程具有隧洞(dong)長(chang)(chang)度(du)長(chang)(chang)、斷面大、單(dan)機(ji)掘(jue)進(jin)距(ju)離長(chang)(chang)、支洞(dong)坡度(du)大、存(cun)在不良(liang)地質(zhi)（斷層、溶洞(dong)、涌水(shui)等），本(ben)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程使用隧道(dao)掘(jue)進(jin)機(ji)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，連(lian)續皮帶機(ji)出(chu)渣，2008年貫通，2009年9月正式竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)通水(shui)。