芒果视频

城墻布局

興城古城是明代的寧遠衛城，在清代改為寧遠州城。城池始建于明宣德三年（1428），“周圍(wei)五里九十六步，高三(san)丈(zhang)，門四，東(dong)曰(yue)春(chun)和，南(nan)曰(yue)延輝(hui)，西(xi)(xi)曰(yue)永寧，北曰(yue)威(wei)遠(yuan)，鐘(zhong)鼓樓在中街”。宣德(de)五年(nian)（1430）又增筑外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)周圍(wei)九里一百二(er)十四步，高如內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。門四，東(dong)曰(yue)遠(yuan)安，南(nan)曰(yue)永清(qing)，西(xi)(xi)曰(yue)迎恩(en)，北曰(yue)大定(ding)。四門設(she)樓，四角設(she)臺，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)郭之間(jian)為護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)。明朝末年(nian)袁崇煥鎮守寧遠(yuan)，為抵御后(hou)金(jin)努爾哈赤的軍事(shi)進攻，用兩(liang)年(nian)時間(jian)修(xiu)繕寧遠(yuan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻“高三(san)丈(zhang)二(er)尺(chi)，雉(zhi)高六尺(chi)，址廣三(san)丈(zhang)，上二(er)丈(zhang)四”。明朝末年(nian)，這里成為抗擊女(nv)真族(zu)的前沿(yan)陣(zhen)地。興城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現僅存(cun)寧遠(yuan)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，經多次修(xiu)繕，基本(ben)保持原(yuan)貌。

城墻結構

古城平面呈正方形，南北844米，東西830米。城墻高8.5米，城基砌條石3層，基寬6.8米，頂寬4.5米。墻體為外條磚內毛石,外設垛口,內設女墻，中填夯土。墻頂設海墁磚 1層水口。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)四(si)角設炮臺，東南(nan)角炮臺上為清代增建的(de)魁(kui)(kui)星(xing)樓(lou)(lou)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)為正方形，周長(chang)3274米。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)四(si)面正中各設城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)上皆(jie)筑箭樓(lou)(lou)，為兩層樓(lou)(lou)閣(ge)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)四(si)角設臺，突出于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角。在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)東南(nan)角上建有魁(kui)(kui)星(xing)樓(lou)(lou)一(yi)座。興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)現為全國(guo)重點文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單位。興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)——中國(guo)東北地區(qu)(qu)的(de)沿海文(wen)化古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，它扼(e)居遼(liao)西走廊的(de)咽喉地帶(dai)，交通(tong)發達，歷來是兵(bing)家(jia)必爭之(zhi)地。興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)保(bao)存(cun)較好。1984年(nian)以來國(guo)家(jia)撥款對(dui)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)進行(xing)全面維修，并(bing)建立了文(wen)物保(bao)管所。

城設(she) 4門(men)(men)。東曰(yue)春和，西(xi)曰(yue)永寧，南曰(yue)延輝，北曰(yue)威遠。門(men)(men)座通長(chang)12.17米，寬13米。4門(men)(men)均建城樓，重檐歇(xie)山頂,面(mian)闊三間(jian)，進深一間(jian)。城門(men)(men)外有半圓(yuan)形甕城,外徑32米，內、外均以(yi)條磚(zhuan)筑(zhu)成，城門(men)(men)內左側設(she)馬(ma)道，長(chang)21米，寬 3.1米。

城內十字街中心有鐘鼓樓 1座，方形樓臺，十字券洞。樓為 2層，重檐歇山卷棚頂。南街有明思宗朱由檢為遼西守將祖大壽、祖大樂立的兩座高大石牌坊。城內東南有清建文廟 1座。城內街坊布局，基本上仍保持著清末的體制。興城(cheng)城(cheng)墻(qiang)保存較好。1984年以(yi)來(lai)國家撥(bo)款(kuan)對古城(cheng)城(cheng)墻(qiang)進行全面(mian)維修(xiu)，并(bing)建立(li)了文物保管所。

城墻歷史

興城歷史悠久，遼代設(she)置興(xing)城(cheng)縣，距今已(yi)有1000多年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)歷史。明(ming)朝為了(le)鞏固對東北(bei)地區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)統(tong)治，防御(yu)(yu)蒙古(gu)部落和女真人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)侵(qin)擾，在山海關外“只設(she)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)所(suo)，不(bu)設(she)州(zhou)(zhou)縣”，先(xian)后設(she)立(li)了(le)二十五個(ge)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)，實行軍(jun)(jun)政合一式管(guan)理(li)，寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)就(jiu)是(shi)其(qi)中之一。 明(ming)宣德(de)三年(nian)，即公元1428年(nian)，鎮(zhen)守遼(liao)東總(zong)兵(bing)官巫凱、都 御(yu)(yu)史包懷德(de)及鎮(zhen)守遼(liao)東太監(jian)王彥聯(lian)名奏請(qing)朝廷修筑寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)城(cheng)，兩年(nian)后工程(cheng)竣工，當時(shi)稱(cheng)(cheng)寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)。寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)駐軍(jun)(jun)5600人(ren)，守城(cheng)士(shi)兵(bing)戰(zhan)時(shi)出(chu)征，平(ping)時(shi)屯田勞作，家屬(shu)也(ye)隨軍(jun)(jun)士(shi)從(cong)全國(guo)各地前(qian)來(lai)定居，后代(dai)逐漸繁衍。衛(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)長官稱(cheng)(cheng)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)指揮使，既是(shi)一衛(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)事長官，又負(fu)責審(shen)理(li)所(suo)轄地區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)民事案件，一般為三品官。這種特殊的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)政體制給寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)城(cheng)增加了(le)神(shen)秘色(se)彩。清朝建立(li)后撤衛(wei)(wei)(wei)建州(zhou)(zhou)，寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)衛(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)也(ye)改稱(cheng)(cheng)寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)城(cheng)，寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)管(guan)轄山海關以(yi)東至錦(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)以(yi)西(xi)的(de)(de)(de)廣闊(kuo)區(qu)(qu)域。民國(guo)成立(li)后，1914年(nian)因寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)與湖(hu)南、山西(xi)、云南等省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)州(zhou)(zhou)重名，經當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)民國(guo)國(guo)務院內務部呈請(qing)大總(zong)統(tong)袁世凱批準，恢復使用遼(liao)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)興(xing)城(cheng)縣縣名，寧(ning)(ning)遠(yuan)(yuan)城(cheng)也(ye)就(jiu)隨之稱(cheng)(cheng)為興(xing)城(cheng)古(gu)城(cheng)。興(xing)城(cheng)城(cheng)墻就(jiu)是(shi)興(xing)城(cheng)古(gu)城(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)主體建筑。

歷史見證

興城城墻歷經570多年的風風雨雨仍巍然屹立，是當今中華大地上為數不多的明清古城墻建筑(zhu)(zhu)，是(shi)明代軍事防(fang)御型(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)標(biao)本，它與(yu)平遙城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、西安城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、荊州城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)并稱為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)保存最完整(zheng)的(de)四座古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現存惟一的(de)正(zheng)方(fang)形城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，受到聯合國(guo)及歐盟文化遺 產(chan)保護專家和(he)為(wei)(wei)數眾多的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外游客的(de)青睞和(he)關注。學者(zhe)們認為(wei)(wei)，研究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，興城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)必(bi)不(bu)可少(shao)。 興城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)整(zheng)體(ti)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)方(fang)形，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)基礎用條石，外墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)用青磚砌成，內(nei)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)用不(bu)規則塊石壘砌，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間用夯土所筑(zhu)(zhu)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)頂(ding)端外沿筑(zhu)(zhu)有(you)垛(duo)口，守城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)官兵可以(yi)以(yi)此護身、了望、射箭(jian)；內(nei)沿筑(zhu)(zhu)有(you)女兒墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，高度低(di)(di)于垛(duo)口，起著加固(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)作(zuo)用。用于人員行走(zou)的(de)磚面稱為(wei)(wei)“海墁”，“海墁”系青磚鋪就，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)凸外低(di)(di)，便于排(pai)水(shui)和(he)減(jian)輕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)夯土的(de)承重壓力。1644年三月(yue)，李自成率(lv)領的(de)農民軍兵逼北(bei)京，崇禎皇(huang)帝匆忙(mang)下令寧遠總兵吳三桂放棄寧遠城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，入關勤王，這樣，清軍才占領寧遠。

1948年9月(yue)28日(ri)，東北(bei)野(ye)戰軍第四縱(zong)隊(dui)一部在縱(zong)隊(dui)副司(si)令員胡奇(qi)才的率領下，解放(fang)了興城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。當時(shi)，解放(fang)軍指(zhi)戰員從城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻突破進(jin)入古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內，但為(wei)了保護文物古(gu)(gu)(gu)跡，他們(men)盡量避免開炮射擊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻。三十多年后，古(gu)(gu)(gu)稀之年的胡奇(qi)才將軍重回(hui)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，欣然揮筆寫下了：“古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)回(hui)到人民手中”。至今，這幅題字仍在古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鐘鼓樓上懸(xuan)掛。

隨著興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)知(zhi)名度的(de)(de)提(ti)升，旅(lv)游(you)開(kai)發事(shi)業得(de)(de)到蓬(peng)勃發展(zhan)，中外游(you)客紛至沓來，文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護工(gong)(gong)作也取得(de)(de)了(le)(le)顯著的(de)(de)進展(zhan)。在人民(min)政府的(de)(de)重(zhong)視下(xia)，由于戰亂而(er)有(you)(you)所毀壞的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)部分地段(duan)的(de)(de)垛(duo)口、女兒墻(qiang)(qiang)和(he)海(hai)墁得(de)(de)到修復，魁(kui)星樓也重(zhong)現(xian)了(le)(le)往(wang)日風(feng)采，保(bao)護維修使興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)煥發了(le)(le)新的(de)(de)生機，1988年1月13日，興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)被(bei)國務(wu)院公布為全(quan)國重(zhong)點(dian)文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位；對城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)進行綜合研(yan)究和(he)文化整理(li)也隨之(zhi)同(tong)步進行，已經(jing)有(you)(you)多部有(you)(you)關興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)書(shu)籍出版或(huo)研(yan)究論(lun)文發表；天津大(da)學、上海(hai)同(tong)濟(ji)大(da)學等(deng)高校的(de)(de)知(zhi)名學者為興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)精(jing)心編制了(le)(le)保(bao)護規劃；先(xian)后有(you)(you)《三進山城(cheng)(cheng)》、《平原游(you)擊隊》、《濟(ji)南戰役》、《袁崇煥》、《遠東陰謀(mou)》、《甲(jia)午陸(lu)戰》等(deng)影視劇在興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)拍攝外景；2001年，興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)保(bao)護開(kai)發工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)啟動，興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)被(bei)規劃為“城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)思古(gu)”游(you)覽區，游(you)人們登臨城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)，不僅可以驚嘆中國古(gu)代建筑藝(yi)術的(de)(de)精(jing)湛，還能穿越歷史的(de)(de)時空，回味著明末那一幕幕蕩(dang)氣回腸(chang)的(de)(de)戰爭場面(mian)。

建造藝術

城墻四面的正中各設城門，東為春和門、南為延輝門、西為永寧門、北為威遠門。城門(men)上(shang)修(xiu)筑了(le)箭樓，俗稱城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)樓和(he)城(cheng)(cheng)樓，為兩層樓閣建(jian)筑，重檐高聳(song)、氣勢巍(wei)峨。城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)旁(pang)邊分(fen)別有(you)(you)坡形(xing)馬道，供人員上(shang)下城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)，城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)外均有(you)(you)半圓形(xing)甕城(cheng)(cheng)，與城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)連為一體。 興城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)東南(nan)角(jiao)上(shang)建(jian)有(you)(you)魁星樓一座(zuo)，其他三個(ge)拐角(jiao)處(chu)都設有(you)(you)角(jiao)臺(tai)，明清(qing)征戰時期(qi)，在(zai)角(jiao)臺(tai)上(shang)架(jia)設火炮，平時角(jiao)臺(tai)上(shang)也有(you)(you)士兵駐扎，以加(jia)強(qiang)對城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的防(fang)御。距離(li)魁星樓不遠處(chu)的城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)底端(duan)，有(you)(you)水門(men)洞一個(ge)，為明代(dai)所修(xiu)，至今保存(cun)完好，是古代(dai)的排水設施(shi)。

古城內的四(si)條(tiao)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)，是古城的主干道，他們(men)因(yin)循四(si)座城門(men)而(er)得(de)名，分(fen)別稱(cheng)為(wei)春和街(jie)(jie)(jie)、延輝街(jie)(jie)(jie)、永寧街(jie)(jie)(jie)和威遠街(jie)(jie)(jie)，城中百姓根據方位分(fen)別稱(cheng)為(wei)東街(jie)(jie)(jie)、南街(jie)(jie)(jie)、西街(jie)(jie)(jie)和北街(jie)(jie)(jie)。街(jie)(jie)(jie)道兩旁分(fen)布著(zhu)許多老字(zi)號店鋪，其中以南街(jie)(jie)(jie)最為(wei)集中，因(yin)此(ci)有"明代一條(tiao)街(jie)(jie)(jie)"的美譽。四(si)條(tiao)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)呈十(shi)字(zi)形規則分(fen)布，因(yin)此(ci)又統稱(cheng)為(wei)十(shi)字(zi)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)，十(shi)字(zi)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)的交叉點(dian)坐落著(zhu)一座鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou)。

鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)與(yu)城(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)四(si)座(zuo)城(cheng)門箭(jian)樓(lou)(lou)遙相呼(hu)應，鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)為二(er)層樓(lou)(lou)閣建(jian)筑，登臨(lin)樓(lou)(lou)頂，城(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)和古城(cheng)內(nei)的(de)景觀盡收眼底。鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)是古代城(cheng)市的(de)報時(shi)中(zhong)心(xin)，晨(chen)鐘(zhong)暮(mu)鼓(gu)。在明(ming)與(yu)后(hou)金軍(jun)(jun)隊(dui)征戰(zhan)期(qi)間，鎮(zhen)守(shou)寧遠城(cheng)的(de)明(ming)軍(jun)(jun)主帥袁崇煥就坐鎮(zhen)鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)指揮作戰(zhan)。

建筑風格

與世界上現存的其他城墻相比，興城城墻有許多引人關注的獨特性。在明代修建城墻時，主(zhu)要(yao)考慮到(dao)軍事(shi)防御的(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)，因此設(she)置了角臺(tai)等軍事(shi)設(she)施(shi)，在(zai)這方(fang)面特別值得稱道的(de)(de)是半(ban)圓形的(de)(de)甕城和便于人馬通行的(de)(de)坡形馬道。

甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)四座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)側，呈半圓形(xing)(xing)，與城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)同時興建(jian)(jian)(jian)。甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)突出城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)之外(wai)，既體現出一(yi)(yi)種建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)美學，又可以(yi)(yi)保護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)在(zai)戰斗中(zhong)不(bu)被敵(di)人(ren)輕易(yi)接近(jin)與破(po)壞。在(zai)實戰中(zhong)即便敵(di)軍(jun)(jun)攻破(po)了甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)，在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)上的(de)(de)(de)守(shou)軍(jun)(jun)仍能以(yi)(yi)極(ji)快的(de)(de)(de)速度組織調度，居高臨下從四面向城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)下發動還擊，而敵(di)軍(jun)(jun)一(yi)(yi)旦身陷半圓形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之內，人(ren)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)很難脫身，成語“甕(weng)中(zhong)捉鱉”可以(yi)(yi)說是(shi)(shi)對甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功能最生動地描述(shu)。明朝末年努爾哈赤和(he)皇太極(ji)所率領的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)隊攻打(da)寧遠城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內遭到猛烈攻擊而損失慘重。 興城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)四座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)造型體現出明代北方的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)風(feng)格，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)磚木結構是(shi)(shi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)特點。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)拱形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)洞之上，與鐘鼓樓(lou)(lou)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)是(shi)(shi)二層樓(lou)(lou)閣(ge)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，面闊8.9米，進(jin)深4.5米，內有樓(lou)(lou)梯登樓(lou)(lou)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)形(xing)(xing)式為重檐歇山頂，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)頂端(duan)為青色(se)筒瓦和(he)板(ban)瓦覆蓋，正脊兩端(duan)有吻獸(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)裝飾(shi)，戧脊上的(de)(de)(de)垂獸(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)和(he)檐角(jiao)前部裝飾(shi)的(de)(de)(de)跑(pao)(pao)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)神(shen)態栩栩如生。按照(zhao)明代的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)規(gui)制(zhi)，不(bu)同級別(bie)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)上裝飾(shi)的(de)(de)(de)跑(pao)(pao)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)數(shu)目(mu)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)，寧遠衛城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)檐角(jiao)裝飾(shi)的(de)(de)(de)跑(pao)(pao)獸(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)有天(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)、海(hai)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)和(he)獅(shi)子三(san)種，其中(zhong)，天(tian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)、海(hai)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)是(shi)(shi)吉祥的(de)(de)(de)化身，獅(shi)子則代表勇猛和(he)威嚴，它(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)寓(yu)意與這(zhe)座軍(jun)(jun)事防御型城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)特色(se)可謂不(bu)謀而合(he)。

內壁特色

興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的內壁(bi)也很(hen)有(you)特色(se)。為(wei)(wei)了使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)堅(jian)固，形成(cheng)強大(da)(da)的支撐力，避(bi)免(mian)內心的夯(hang)土松動，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)在建(jian)筑之初就用不(bu)規(gui)則城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)砌筑內壁(bi)，然(ran)后將壁(bi)面鑿平，所(suo)以稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“毛(mao)石(shi)墻(qiang)”；由于石(shi)料大(da)(da)多是(shi)(shi)就地(di)取(qu)材，遠望去(qu)顏(yan)色(se)近(jin)似虎(hu)皮(pi)(pi)，所(suo)以又被稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“虎(hu)皮(pi)(pi)毛(mao)石(shi)墻(qiang)”。 興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國古(gu)代城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市規(gui)劃的典(dian)范。從建(jian)筑科(ke)學(xue)(xue)上講，興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的選址得(de)體，恰好處在山(shan)水(shui)圍河的平原地(di)帶，十分有(you)利(li)(li)于形成(cheng)良好的生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)和局部小氣候。背山(shan)可(ke)以抵擋冬天北來的寒流(liu)，抱陽可(ke)以得(de)到良好的日照(zhao)，近(jin)水(shui)可(ke)以保障生活及灌溉供水(shui)，還可(ke)以防(fang)止風沙侵襲(xi)，對(dui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內居民十分有(you)利(li)(li)。 中(zhong)(zhong)國古(gu)代的傳統哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)思(si)想(xiang)在興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的規(gui)劃和建(jian)筑中(zhong)(zhong)，體現得(de)淋漓盡致(zhi)：興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)建(jian)成(cheng)正(zheng)方(fang)形，是(shi)(shi)取(qu)傳統宇(yu)宙觀的“天圓(yuan)地(di)方(fang)”，予(yu)以大(da)(da)地(di)沉(chen)穩、永無銷毀之意(yi)；興(xing)(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的周長(chang)及城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)數、街路數均為(wei)(wei)偶數，體現了古(gu)代哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)數的思(si)辨。