芒果视频

一、地理位置

馮家(jia)堡(bao)子積石(shi)墓群(qun)位于華來鎮馮家(jia)堡(bao)子村(cun)周(zhou)圍的(de)農(nong)田中(zhong)。馮家(jia)堡(bao)子村(cun)四(si)周(zhou)被群(qun)山(shan)所環(huan)繞(rao)，西(xi)河與南河在(zai)村(cun)子西(xi)北部交(jiao)匯，村(cun)莊就坐(zuo)落于河流的(de)東(dong)岸，此(ci)處河流是渾江的(de)一條支流 — 六(liu)道河的(de)上游。馮家(jia)堡(bao)子村(cun)東(dong)距桓仁縣城約25公里，北距華來鎮村(cun)約3.5公里。

馮(feng)家堡子(zi)積石墓(mu)群總體上分布(bu)(bu)較零散(san)，我們將分布(bu)(bu)相對集中(zhong)的(de)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)分為三區(qu)，在每區(qu)內(nei)進(jin)行了有選擇性(xing)的(de)發掘，其中(zhong)Ⅰ、Ⅱ區(qu)現(xian)存(cun)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)修建(jian)在古河床上。Ⅰ區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)村東(dong)南(nan)田地中(zhong)，現(xian)存(cun)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)10座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，對M2、M7和M8進(jin)行了發掘；Ⅱ區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)村西(xi)稻田地中(zhong)，現(xian)存(cun)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)15座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，對M1、M3～6、M9～13進(jin)行了發掘；Ⅲ區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)村西(xi)北約1500米(mi)的(de)山坡地上，現(xian)存(cun)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)數量不清，僅發掘了M14。三區(qu)之(zhi)外，還有10余座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)零星散(san)布(bu)(bu)的(de)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)。

二、墓葬概況

馮(feng)家堡子墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)均為(wei)平(ping)地(di)起建(jian)，利用石(shi)(shi)塊、石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)、礫石(shi)(shi)等構(gou)筑成墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)（墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙），在墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)（墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙）的(de)周圍和上面用石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)及碎石(shi)(shi)封蓋構(gou)成石(shi)(shi)冢。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)之間距離(li)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)，無(wu)疊壓打破關(guan)系。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)也無(wu)明(ming)顯的(de)排列規律，可(ke)(ke)確定(ding)的(de)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)向差(cha)(cha)異較(jiao)大（附表）。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)外(wai)(wai)部積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)有(you)壇積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)和無(wu)壇積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)兩(liang)類(lei)。有(you)壇積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)就是在積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)圍用大石(shi)(shi)塊壘(lei)(lei)砌一(yi)(yi)周石(shi)(shi)墻(qiang)，石(shi)(shi)墻(qiang)與內部積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)共(gong)同(tong)組成石(shi)(shi)壇，石(shi)(shi)壇平(ping)面多(duo)(duo)呈方形(xing)(xing)或長方形(xing)(xing)，一(yi)(yi)般保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)較(jiao)好。而無(wu)壇積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)就是在積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)圍不(bu)見石(shi)(shi)塊壘(lei)(lei)砌的(de)邊界墻(qiang)，積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)堆積(ji)(ji)多(duo)(duo)呈中部高、四(si)周低的(de)圓(yuan)堆狀(zhuang)，整體保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)較(jiao)差(cha)(cha)，現存(cun)(cun)平(ping)面多(duo)(duo)為(wei)近橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)或近圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，平(ping)面尺寸相(xiang)差(cha)(cha)較(jiao)大。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)內部結構(gou)有(you)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)和墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙兩(liang)種，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)形(xing)(xing)制(zhi)較(jiao)規整，四(si)壁(bi)用大石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)立砌，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)底(di)鋪(pu)墊石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)或礫石(shi)(shi)，有(you)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)道和墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)門；墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙形(xing)(xing)制(zhi)則不(bu)規整，是在積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)上修出一(yi)(yi)個(ge)石(shi)(shi)坑，對坑底(di)和坑壁(bi)的(de)礫石(shi)(shi)進行簡單壘(lei)(lei)砌，形(xing)(xing)成一(yi)(yi)個(ge)簡陋的(de)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙，無(wu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)道和墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)門。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)中未見木質葬(zang)(zang)(zang)具，人骨多(duo)(duo)為(wei)原(yuan)地(di)火化，保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)較(jiao)差(cha)(cha)，少數墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)還保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)一(yi)(yi)部分人骨，可(ke)(ke)分辨頭(tou)向，但已無(wu)法提取。隨(sui)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)品多(duo)(duo)出自墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)（墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙）內，少數發現于積(ji)(ji)石(shi)(shi)中。所發掘的(de)14座墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)中僅8座出土(tu)有(you)隨(sui)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)遺物，以陶器(qi)為(wei)主(zhu)，其(qi)次為(wei)石(shi)(shi)器(qi)和鐵(tie)器(qi)。