芒果视频

麻池城址文物遺存

土(tu)筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)除北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)角平整土(tu)地被(bei)破壞(huai)外(wai)，其他保存較(jiao)好。北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)墻(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)段和南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)墻(qiang)、南(nan)(nan)墻(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)段各設(she)寬15米的門。北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)長690米，東(dong)西(xi)寬720米，殘(can)墻(qiang)高(gao)2米，寬約(yue)3米，夯(hang)層厚9厘米，北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)(nan)部近(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)，有三個(ge)大的夯(hang)土(tu)臺(tai)基，臺(tai)基呈(cheng)品(pin)字形分(fen)布，北(bei)面兩個(ge)東(dong)西(xi)相(xiang)對，相(xiang)距72米，位置與(yu)北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門大體相(xiang)對。夯(hang)土(tu)臺(tai)基約(yue)呈(cheng)覆斗狀，夯(hang)基層厚0．09—0．12米，上均發現(xian)有筒(tong)瓦、板(ban)瓦殘(can)片。南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)長600米，東(dong)西(xi)寬640米，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)寬約(yue)4米，殘(can)墻(qiang)高(gao)2—4米，最高(gao)7—8米，夯(hang)層厚0．1—0．15米，南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)(nan)墻(qiang)外(wai)側(ce)，露出筑墻(qiang)時固定夾板(ban)的杠(gang)孔，自下而上可分(fen)4行，水平排(pai)列，每隔2米一個(ge)，孔徑10—12厘米。

古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內地(di)表(biao)散見板(ban)瓦、筒瓦、瓦當等建筑(zhu)材料和罐、盆、碗、豆(dou)等陶器(qi)殘片(pian)，常有“五(wu)(wu)銖”錢、鐵田片(pian)、鐵鏟和銅(tong)鏃等出土。上(shang)世紀(ji)50年代曾發現(xian)印有“萬(wan)石”字樣的(de)磚。包頭(tou)地(di)區戰國(guo)、秦、漢(han)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，多略呈方(fang)形，分布(bu)很有規律(lv)，所在位置一般(ban)都(dou)(dou)是陰山南(nan)北(bei)的(de)交(jiao)通要(yao)道，麻(ma)(ma)池(chi)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正好面(mian)對昆都(dou)(dou)侖溝(gou)的(de)南(nan)口，顯然在軍事上(shang)有重要(yao)地(di)位。從(cong)面(mian)積上(shang)看(kan)，麻(ma)(ma)池(chi)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)南(nan)北(bei)二城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)面(mian)積都(dou)(dou)在650×650平方(fang)米以上(shang)，屬(shu)縣一級的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址。關于麻(ma)(ma)池(chi)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是漢(han)代的(de)哪(na)一縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)這(zhe)一問題一直(zhi)有很多爭議。經專家認定：麻(ma)(ma)池(chi)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)較(jiao)南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早，與(yu)秦直(zhi)道起點(dian)形制(zhi)、布(bu)局(ju)相同的(de)三個夯土臺基也在北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)為(wei)秦直(zhi)道終點(dian)——九(jiu)原(yuan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，它也是戰國(guo)、秦、漢(han)九(jiu)原(yuan)，漢(han)五(wu)(wu)原(yuan)郡治所。而南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)則是漢(han)五(wu)(wu)原(yuan)郡五(wu)(wu)原(yuan)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。

召灣漢墓建筑規模

召灣(wan)漢墓(mu)群位(wei)于內(nei)蒙古自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)包頭市(shi)麻池鄉。墓(mu)群分(fen)布(bu)于召灣(wan)和召背后村之間及其以西(xi)的(de)土梁上

墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)形(xing)制有木槨墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、磚(zhuan)室(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、土洞(dong)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)三類。其(qi)中以(yi)木槨墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)和磚(zhuan)室(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)最多(duo)，土洞(dong)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)最少。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)以(yi)仰身(shen)直肢葬(zang)為(wei)主，多(duo)為(wei)夫妻合葬(zang)，有數(shu)代人葬(zang)于一墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的現象。死者多(duo)有口(kou)含錢和手握(wo)錢。

召(zhao)灣漢墓群清(qing)理出土(tu)的遺物(wu)多為(wei)陶(tao)器，其次是銅器，少量是玉石、鐵器及貨幣。陶(tao)器有(you)(you)盆、杯、匙、豆(dou)、尊(zun)、甑及鼎(ding)；銅器有(you)(you)鈁、杯、薰爐、博山(shan)爐、日光鏡、昭(zhao)明鏡及家常富貴(gui)鏡；玉器有(you)(you)眼蓋(gai)、鼻塞；鐵器有(you)(you)鐵刀；貨幣為(wei)五銖錢。此外。尤為(wei)有(you)(you)價(jia)值(zhi)的出土(tu)物(wu)是從木槨墓的填塞陶(tao)片、碎瓦片及填土(tu)中發現的“單于(yu)和(he)親”、“單于(yu)天降(jiang)”、“四(si)夷盡(jin)服(fu)”、“千秋(qiu)萬歲”、“長樂末央”等(deng)文字瓦當(dang)。這些瓦當(dang)均屬漢瓦的稀見(jian)物(wu)，是研究西漢與匈奴關系的珍貴(gui)實物(wu)資料。

召灣漢墓文物價值

包(bao)頭(tou)漢(han)墓與中原地區(qu)其它(ta)漢(han)墓總體特(te)征是一致的(de)(de)，但也有自身的(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)，包(bao)頭(tou)漢(han)代文化(hua)(hua)是富有地方(fang)特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)文化(hua)(hua)，是北(bei)方(fang)少數民族與漢(han)族融合(he)而成的(de)(de)文化(hua)(hua)，是漢(han)族和北(bei)方(fang)少數民族共同創造的(de)(de)，他們在戰爭(zheng)中交往，在和平中交流，農(nong)牧(mu)業互為(wei)補充，為(wei)漢(han)代包(bao)頭(tou)地區(qu)的(de)(de)繁榮做出了不可磨滅的(de)(de)貢獻。