伏(fu)羲(xi)(xi)(xi)廟位(wei)于山(shan)東省濟(ji)(ji)寧(ning)市微山(shan)縣兩(liang)城鎮劉莊村(cun)境內,是濟(ji)(ji)寧(ning)市現存較早的廟宇建筑。伏(fu)羲(xi)(xi)(xi)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)基高(gao)筑,伏(fu)羲(xi)(xi)(xi)廟即在(zai)其(qi)上(shang)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)長40.5米,寬34.6米,面積(ji)為1401.3平(ping)方米,臺(tai)高(gao)4.6米。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)四周條石砌壘,非常壯觀(guan)。由(you)于伏(fu)羲(xi)(xi)(xi)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)圣(sheng)母池泉(quan),陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前又與西(xi)側諸泉(quan)交(jiao)匯,青(qing)山(shan)碧野,流水潺(chan)潺(chan),美麗的景觀(guan),吸引著歷代文(wen)人(ren)墨(mo)客,有(you)(you)不(bu)少(shao)詩篇載入“地方志(zhi)”。位(wei)于兩(liang)城鄉(xiang)劉莊村(cun)西(xi)北30米處,背依鳳(feng)凰山(shan),面朝獨山(shan)湖(hu)。廟后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)“六合(he)”“圣(sheng)母”等諸泉(quan)匯流。廟建于陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)之上(shang),數里(li)之外,即可看到。伏(fu)羲(xi)(xi)(xi)廟原是一組完整的古建筑群,前有(you)(you)三(san)圣(sheng)閣,后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)女媧殿,伏(fu)羲(xi)(xi)(xi)殿建在(zai)中心部位(wei),并(bing)配以鐘樓、鼓樓、廟門等建筑,繞以青(qing)石圍墻。
據《魏書(shu)·地形志》載:“高(gao)平(ping),二(er)漢屬山陽(yang)……有癡水、千秋城(cheng)、湖陸城(cheng)、齊城(cheng)、高(gao)平(ping)山、承(cheng)雀(que)山、伏(fu)羲廟。”據此,伏(fu)羲廟雖然創建年代不詳,但在(zai)魏時(shi)就(jiu)已為名勝(sheng)。
《十(shi)三(san)道(dao)圖·圖經(jing)》載:“單(dan)州魚臺(tai)縣東(dong)北七(qi)十(shi)里曰辛興村,其(qi)間有(you)(you)(you)伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)皇帝之陵(ling)(ling),陵(ling)(ling)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)廟(miao)。”唐、宋、元、明(ming)皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)碑(bei)(bei)刻(ke)。由于年(nian)(nian)久失(shi)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),許多建(jian)筑被拆除(chu),墻垣倒(dao)塌殆盡(jin),現唯一(yi)(yi)留存的建(jian)筑物(wu)——伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)殿(dian)(dian)。伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)殿(dian)(dian)坐(zuo)落在青石(shi)(shi)云臺(tai)(即伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)陵(ling)(ling))上(shang)。殿(dian)(dian)面(mian)闊5間,進深3間,長15.4米,寬9米,面(mian)積138.6平方米。建(jian)筑形(xing)式為(wei)單(dan)檐(yan)歇山式,斗拱結構,單(dan)華拱、三(san)下(xia)昂、七(qi)鋪座(zuo)(zuo)。殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)八柱六重(zhong)(zhong)梁九檁(lin),長鼓狀(zhuang)石(shi)(shi)礎。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)東(dong)西兩(liang)側各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)4根,前后各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)根八棱形(xing)石(shi)(shi)柱;前面(mian)有(you)(you)(you)6根,后面(mian)有(you)(you)(you)4根木(mu)柱。兩(liang)稍間為(wei)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)間斗拱,中間3間檐(yan)下(xia)為(wei)兩(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)補間斗拱。殿(dian)(dian)內梁、檁(lin)、椽、柱上(shang)均施以彩繪,因年(nian)(nian)代久遠(yuan)現已(yi)模糊(hu)不清。殿(dian)(dian)頂為(wei)黃(huang)綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)璃(li)瓦,脊瓦作對吻(wen)云龍圖案。殿(dian)(dian)中頂檁(lin)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)大(da)明(ming)嘉靖三(san)十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)”字樣。殿(dian)(dian)內現還存有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)碑(bei)(bei)兩(liang)幢:一(yi)(yi)為(wei)蒙(meng)古中統二年(nian)(nian)(1261年(nian)(nian))《重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)圣祖廟(miao)碑(bei)(bei)》,一(yi)(yi)為(wei)明(ming)萬歷四十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1613年(nian)(nian))《重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)伏(fu)(fu)羲(xi)廟(miao)碑(bei)(bei)》。
國務(wu)院核定公布了第七批(pi)全國重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)文物保護單位(wei)(共計1943處(chu))以及(ji)與現有全國重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)文物保護單位(wei)合并(bing)的項目(mu)(共計47處(chu)),微(wei)山縣兩城鎮(zhen)伏羲(xi)廟榜上有名。被評為全國重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)文物古(gu)跡。