踏(ta)實墓(mu)群位(wei)于瓜州縣鎖陽城(cheng)鎮鎮政府東(dong)南(nan)7千米(mi)處(chu)的戈壁灘(tan)上。
1944年(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)現(xian),1987、1989年(nian)(nian)當地(di)文物考(kao)古工(gong)作(zuo)者進行(xing)了調查。1990年(nian)(nian),甘肅(su)省文物考(kao)古研究所發(fa)(fa)掘了一(yi)號(hao)大墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。1997年(nian)(nian)、2005年(nian)(nian)安(an)西博物館對被盜的(de)二、三號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)進行(xing)搶救性發(fa)(fa)掘。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)分東(dong)、西兩個墓(mu)(mu)(mu)區。東(dong)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)區面積約5000萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),有礫(li)(li)巖(yan)洞室(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)225座,其(qi)中大型墓(mu)(mu)(mu)8座,集中于(yu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)西部(bu)(bu)。位于(yu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)中部(bu)(bu)的(de)一(yi)號(hao)大墓(mu)(mu)(mu),俗稱“四個墩子”,其(qi)地(di)面遺跡(ji)有塋圈(quan)(quan)、神(shen)道(dao)、墓(mu)(mu)(mu)闕(que)、封(feng)土等(deng)。塋圈(quan)(quan)的(de)圍墻基本呈方(fang)形(xing),東(dong)西131米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),南北(bei)長(chang)128米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),高(gao)1.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);神(shen)道(dao)也是用(yong)砂(sha)礫(li)(li)堆(dui)積成梁,長(chang)234.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬18米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);有墓(mu)(mu)(mu)闕(que)4座,分別位于(yu)神(shen)道(dao)南北(bei)端(duan)的(de)東(dong)西兩側。其(qi)中神(shen)道(dao)北(bei)端(duan)東(dong)側單闕(que)通高(gao)5.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),闕(que)身高(gao)3.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),臺基高(gao)1.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),塋圈(quan)(quan)口東(dong)側闕(que)是子母(mu)闕(que),殘高(gao)5.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。封(feng)土用(yong)砂(sha)礫(li)(li)堆(dui)積,高(gao)4.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),呈梯形(xing);墓(mu)(mu)(mu)道(dao)同(tong)封(feng)土一(yi)樣,用(yong)砂(sha)礫(li)(li)堆(dui)積,長(chang)60米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬7.4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),高(gao)1.38米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。二號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)和(he)三號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)均出土了精美的(de)畫像磚(zhuan)。西墓(mu)(mu)(mu)區面積約4500萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。有礫(li)(li)巖(yan)洞室(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)200多(duo)座,其(qi)中大墓(mu)(mu)(mu)6座,多(duo)集中于(yu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)。大部(bu)(bu)分墓(mu)(mu)(mu)地(di)表有砂(sha)礫(li)(li)堆(dui)積塋圈(quan)(quan)、神(shen)道(dao)、封(feng)土和(he)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)道(dao)。3號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)塋圈(quan)(quan)呈正方(fang)形(xing),長(chang)、寬各95米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),神(shen)道(dao)向北(bei),長(chang)98米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬14.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。封(feng)土平(ping)面呈圓(yuan)錐形(xing),周長(chang)78.6、高(gao)3.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),墓(mu)(mu)(mu)道(dao)向東(dong),長(chang)36.5、寬2.2、高(gao)1.25米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。
踏實墓群(qun)規模大,保存(cun)(cun)(cun)較好,是研究漢(han)、魏晉、唐時期瓜沙地區喪葬制度變化(hua)的(de)(de)重要歷史(shi)資(zi)料。踏實一(yi)號大墓墓闕(que)(que)是已(yi)知國(guo)內(nei)現存(cun)(cun)(cun)唯一(yi)的(de)(de)東漢(han)時期土坯壘筑的(de)(de)子母闕(que)(que)遺存(cun)(cun)(cun),體量尺度也(ye)遠大于內(nei)地的(de)(de)漢(han)代諸石闕(que)(que),是研究漢(han)至魏晉建筑史(shi)的(de)(de)重要材料。