簡介
壽峰寺(si)是全國重點文(wen)(wen)物保護單(dan)位(wei),明(ming)清至民國時(shi)期(qi)寺(si)廟古(gu)建(jian)筑。位(wei)于河北省唐(tang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市郊(jiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂,現存古(gu)建(jian)筑有藥師塔、無梁閣(ge),以及附屬文(wen)(wen)物建(jian)筑文(wen)(wen)昌閣(ge)。三座建(jian)筑面南背北,一字排開,占(zhan)地面積1261平方米。其他(ta)屬于文(wen)(wen)物的有閣(ge)前的遼代陀羅(luo)尼經幢和明(ming)代萬(wan)歷(li)年(nian)間(1573-1620年(nian))“增修車軸山(shan)(shan)(shan)無梁萬(wan)佛閣(ge)記”碑。
建筑布局
壽峰寺中無(wu)梁閣居(ju)中,始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于遼(liao)重熙(xi)年(nian)間(jian)(jian),初為(wei)(wei)1層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),明萬(wan)歷年(nian)間(jian)(jian)大修(xiu)增至(zhi)(zhi)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。無(wu)梁閣通高(gao)28.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),面(mian)闊(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)12.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),進深3間(jian)(jian)9.9米(mi)(mi)(mi),為(wei)(wei)三重檐琉璃(li)瓦頂(ding)(ding)。1層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)至(zhi)(zhi)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)屋(wu)檐下均施磚(zhuan)仿七踩(cai)斗拱(gong),2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)正面(mian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有漢白玉欄(lan)(lan)桿(gan)的(de)月臺和走(zou)廊。第1層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和第3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)砌(qi)弧形拱(gong)券(quan)頂(ding)(ding),2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)(wei)木(mu)制頂(ding)(ding)。1層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)梯建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在東(dong)西兩側(ce)(ce)承重墻(qiang)內,由(you)里側(ce)(ce)小門進入(ru)攀登,折復通至(zhi)(zhi)2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)閣內東(dong)側(ce)(ce)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有木(mu)制樓(lou)梯,游人藉(jie)以登至(zhi)(zhi)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。1至(zhi)(zhi)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)券(quan)頂(ding)(ding)繪有云紋、龍鳳紋相(xiang)間(jian)(jian)的(de)方(fang)格天花彩畫。閣前置遼(liao)代(dai)陀羅(luo)尼(ni)經幢(chuang)和明代(dai)萬(wan)歷年(nian)"增修(xiu)車(che)軸山無(wu)梁萬(wan)佛閣記"碑(bei)。藥(yao)師靈塔(ta)為(wei)(wei)花塔(ta)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于遼(liao)重熙(xi)年(nian)間(jian)(jian),為(wei)(wei)純磚(zhuan)結構、密檐實心塔(ta),共11層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),高(gao)27米(mi)(mi)(mi),占(zhan)地(di)59平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。塔(ta)基為(wei)(wei)須彌座,束(shu)腰部分每面(mian)砌(qi)壺(hu)門2個,壺(hu)門嵌磚(zhuan)雕(diao)人物造像;束(shu)腰之上(shang)24座斗拱(gong)承托(tuo)著雕(diao)有幾何、花草圖案的(de)欄(lan)(lan)桿(gan)、欄(lan)(lan)板,再向上(shang)是3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)磚(zhuan)雕(diao)仰(yang)蓮圍拱(gong)著的(de)第1層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)塔(ta)身。一層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)塔(ta)身最(zui)高(gao)大,為(wei)(wei)正八面(mian)體,東(dong)、南、西、北四面(mian)設有拱(gong)券(quan)式假(jia)門,其余四面(mian)為(wei)(wei)高(gao)2.28米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)磚(zhuan)雕(diao)佛像。各角雕(diao)砌(qi)的(de)八棱(leng)磚(zhuan)柱上(shang)施蘭額和普(pu)柏枋。普(pu)柏枋上(shang)是頭層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)檐,周圈(quan)五鋪作斗拱(gong)。頭層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)檐以上(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)塔(ta)頂(ding)(ding)由(you)9層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)佛龕組成(cheng)。塔(ta)剎自下而上(shang)為(wei)(wei)鑄鐵覆缽(bo)、2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)寶珠。文昌閣建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于1913年(nian),分3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),高(gao)15.87米(mi)(mi)(mi),占(zhan)地(di)60.88平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。1層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)闊(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)11.1米(mi)(mi)(mi),進深1間(jian)(jian)5.6米(mi)(mi)(mi),檐為(wei)(wei)廡殿形式;2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)闊(kuo)1間(jian)(jian),進深1間(jian)(jian);3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)做成(cheng)塔(ta)剎形屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)。
現狀
1976年唐山大地震中3座古建筑受損嚴重,無梁閣東半部坍塌,藥(yao)師靈(ling)塔塔身(shen)上部震毀,文昌閣全(quan)部塌毀。
1983年以(yi)后,修復3座古建筑納入豐潤縣委、縣政府和上級主(zhu)管部門(men)的工作計劃。
1985年(nian)、1999年(nian)2次大(da)規模(mo)測(ce)繪,制(zhi)定修復方案。
2000年至(zhi)2002年在(zai)河北(bei)省古建筑研究所主持下,進行(xing)大規模修復(fu),車軸山孤峰(feng)獨秀(xiu)、無(wu)梁閣(ge)高閣(ge)無(wu)梁的神奇景觀(guan)再現。
2006年4月,無梁閣(ge)、藥師靈塔、文(wen)昌閣(ge)三(san)座(zuo)古建筑被國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)公布(bu)為國(guo)家級重點文(wen)物保護單位。