青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)原名(ming)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)祠,又名(ming)龍(long)(long)王(wang)廟,始建(jian)于明永樂年(nian)間(jian),位(wei)于武陟縣(xian)城西(xi)北1公(gong)里龍(long)(long)源鎮萬花(hua)(hua)莊中部。清嘉慶(qing)十八年(nian)(1813年(nian))奉旨重修,改(gai)建(jian)為(wei)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)。占地50余(yu)畝(mu),古建(jian)房屋(wu)百余(yu)間(jian),主要建(jian)筑(zhu)有龍(long)(long)鳳亭、主門廈(sha)古戲(xi)樓、東西(xi)門、拜(bai)殿、東西(xi)官廳、玉(yu)皇閣、東西(xi)廂、誠心橋、后寢宮(gong)、龍(long)(long)圣宮(gong)、后大(da)殿等。主要神像有玉(yu)皇大(da)帝、王(wang)母(mu)娘娘、青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)王(wang)、龍(long)(long)母(mu)、東海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)王(wang)、西(xi)海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)王(wang)、南海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)王(wang)、北海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)王(wang)、風伯、雨師、雷公(gong)、電母(mu)、雪花(hua)(hua)公(gong)主、推云童子(zi)、關公(gong)、木(mu)鯨神等。
青龍(long)宮歷經幾百年滄桑,經道光(guang)(guang)、光(guang)(guang)緒年間(jian)(jian)幾次增(zeng)修,成為(wei)具(ju)有相(xiang)當規模的明清建筑群。它大的特點是:房上(shang)、墻上(shang)、梁上(shang)、柱上(shang)、門(men)上(shang)、窗上(shang)到處是千姿(zi)百態龍(long)的形象(xiang)。宮內古(gu)柏常青,鮮花盛開,小橋(qiao)流(liu)水,五色金魚在(zai)(zai)養生(sheng)池(chi)內悠游自在(zai)(zai)歡快跳(tiao)躍,環境幽雅,景色宜人。青龍(long)王(wang)龍(long)母在(zai)(zai)人間(jian)(jian)所做的善事和歸(gui)神(shen)界惠(hui)普中州(zhou)沐甘露所辦(ban)的奇事傳說比比皆是,歷史(shi)真實記載的龍(long)文化(hua)會使你認為(wei)青龍(long)王(wang)真是“活龍(long)王(wang)”。
焦作市旅(lv)游勝地(di)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)(xia)與青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)本為一家,有著一脈相通的(de)聯系。據廟內明朝嘉靖六年(1527年)石碣“高(gao)氏家傳遺言記(ji)”記(ji)載:青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)(xia)為明永樂年間萬花莊高(gao)白寧陪給龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)母的(de)嫁妝地(di),“陪嫁莊”村由此(ci)而得(de)名。青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)(xia)中(zhong)的(de)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)洞是(shi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)王龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)母夫婦歸天常居之處。因此(ci),想游青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)(xia)先觀(guan)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong),這(zhe)樣我們既看到了(le)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)文化的(de)內涵,又感受到了(le)大自然的(de)美(mei)景。
武陟青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)始源于一個神(shen)(shen)話(hua)傳(chuan)說,清(qing)(qing)道(dao)光(guang)版的(de)(de)《武陟縣(xian)(xian)志》卷十(shi)九《古跡》篇記載(zai):“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)王廟(miao)(青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong))在縣(xian)(xian)治東北路萬花莊(zhuang)(zhuang)。舊傳(chuan)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)神(shen)(shen)于明永樂時(shi),假身為貧少年(nian)(nian),傭力于本莊(zhuang)(zhuang)高(gao)氏(shi)家,白晝刻木為‘鯨’,夜則(ze)灌園田,稼茂(mao)異(yi)常,高(gao)氏(shi)瞰其(qi)蹤(zong)跡,見云(yun)霧中有(you)一龍(long)(long)(long)在井上(shang),尤是大奇,妻之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)女,其(qi)后(hou)(hou),忽見夢于高(gao)氏(shi)曰(yue):‘吾以(yi)有(you)異(yi)汝(ru),若逢旱(han)時(shi),赴青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)洞求雨必(bi)應’。尺醒(xing)則(ze)神(shen)(shen)已化去(qu),其(qi)妻亦逝。所遺(yi)(yi)即牒文(wen)木鯨也,自是有(you)禱(dao)必(bi)應,建祠記之(zhi)(zhi)”。又有(you)碑文(wen)記載(zai):“龍(long)(long)(long)王顯(xian)世于明初永樂年(nian)(nian)間(jian)。每逢亢旱(han)祈雨輒應,以(yi)是創建廟(miao)宇(yu)”。增建青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)記碑文(wen)載(zai):“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)為嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)朝前政莊(zhuang)(zhuang)君鼎建”。道(dao)光(guang)二(er)十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(1845年(nian)(nian))碑文(wen)載(zai):“嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)邑侯聞其(qi)異(yi),因匾所舉曰(yue)‘青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)’”。玉(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣上(shang)層(ceng)中間(jian)脊檁下知縣(xian)(xian)孫肅元(yuan)手書(shu):“大清(qing)(qing)嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)歲癸酉四(si)月上(shang)浣吉知武陟事仁(ren)和孫肅元(yuan)率同闔紳耆士民創建,自立之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)永保風(feng)調雨順(shun),平安大吉”。玉(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣底層(ceng)檐(yan)下又懸(xuan)“圣旨(zhi)”牌。所以(yi)說青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)主(zhu)體建筑玉(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣、戲樓、主(zhu)門廈為清(qing)(qing)嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(1813年(nian)(nian))由(you)觀察使莊(zhuang)(zhuang)振請旨(zhi),帶(dai)官銀(yin)支助,在原青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)祠的(de)(de)舊址上(shang)重建的(de)(de)。命知縣(xian)(xian)孫肅元(yuan)親(qin)自率領族工,并親(qin)手書(shu)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)祠更名青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)。據青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)新修后(hou)(hou)殿記碑文(wen)載(zai):“光(guang)緒(xu)(xu)三年(nian)(nian)大旱(han),大府遺(yi)(yi)員……奏請御賜(si)匾額,由(you)是青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)名益顯(xian)”。光(guang)緒(xu)(xu)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)御筆之(zhi)(zhi)寶(bao)“惠(hui)普中州(zhou)”一式兩(liang)面(mian),一面(mian)懸(xuan)掛青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong),另一面(mian)懸(xuan)掛于太行(xing)山青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)神(shen)(shen)祠。慈禧(xi)太后(hou)(hou)御筆“靈濟東都”匾一面(mian)(現已遺(yi)(yi)失)。
光緒二十二年(1886年)丙申八月,在(zai)任候(hou)補(bu)知(zhi)府武陟縣知(zhi)事(shi)榮成孫叔謙寫(xie)楹聯云(yun)(yun):“神靈(ling)變(bian)化作配詎在(zai)人間胡至今野(ye)嫗村翁竸傳異跡(ji),云(yun)(yun)雨施行崇朝(chao)可遍天(tian)下(xia)原(yuan)此后嵩(song)封洛甸永庇宏(hong)庥(xiu)”。同治六年(1867年),河(he)北彰、衛(wei)、懷三(san)府兼(jian)管河(he)務兵備道世襲云(yun)(yun)騎尉長(chang)白綸(lun)恩敬題并書金字楹聯:“自古著神靈(ling)幾百年御(yu)災捍患,請天(tian)恤民二十五縣崇德報(bao)功”。
1995年(nian)5月9日,武陟縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)(fu)公(gong)布為(wei)(wei)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)重(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei),2000年(nian)9月25日被河(he)南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)(fu)公(gong)布為(wei)(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)重(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)。二月二廟會和祈雨舊規在(zai)(zai)2009年(nian)同時被河(he)南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)(fu)列為(wei)(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)非物(wu)質文(wen)(wen)化遺產保護項目。現(xian)在(zai)(zai)的(de)青龍宮在(zai)(zai)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)管理所所長毛文(wen)(wen)路的(de)帶領(ling)下(xia),資(zi)料整(zheng)理、文(wen)(wen)物(wu)修(xiu)復等各項工作(zuo)日臻完(wan)善,成了方圓(yuan)百(bai)里亮麗的(de)人(ren)文(wen)(wen)景觀。
在(zai)河(he)南武陟(zhi),有一塊(kuai)神(shen)奇的土(tu)地(di)。在(zai)這(zhe)塊(kuai)土(tu)地(di)上,每年農(nong)歷二(er)月初二(er)開(kai)始(shi)車馬軸(zhou)集,人頭攢動,鑼鼓喧天,龍飛鳳舞,香煙繚(liao)繞,聚各(ge)鄉(xiang)各(ge)村民間(jian)藝(yi)術之精(jing)英,匯山南海(hai)北之百(bai)貨,傳青龍民女之神(shen)話,結倩男(nan)靚女之情緣……這(zhe)就是(shi)萬花莊青龍宮廟會(hui)。
青(qing)龍(long)宮(gong)二月二廟(miao)會(hui)歷史悠久。青(qing)龍(long)宮(gong)原名青(qing)龍(long)祠,又(you)名龍(long)王廟(miao),始建于明永樂年(nian)間,位于武陟縣城西北1公里龍(long)源鎮(zhen)萬(wan)花莊中(zhong)部。清嘉慶十八年(nian)(公元1813年(nian))奉旨(zhi)改建為青(qing)龍(long)宮(gong),賜御(yu)匾“惠普中(zhong)州”。
青(qing)龍(long)(long)宮源于一個動(dong)人的傳說:據清道光《武陟(zhi)縣志》記載,青(qing)龍(long)(long)神在明永樂年間假(jia)身為(wei)貧(pin)少(shao)年,受(shou)雇于萬花高(gao)(gao)(gao)家(jia)(jia),夜間現身澆灌田(tian)畝,高(gao)(gao)(gao)家(jia)(jia)以女妻之。白青(qing)龍(long)(long)歸隱云臺山青(qing)龍(long)(long)峽,高(gao)(gao)(gao)女亦逝,托夢與親人,凡遭遇(yu)旱(han)災(zai),前去求(qiu)雨,有求(qiu)必應。高(gao)(gao)(gao)家(jia)(jia)為(wei)龍(long)(long)王(wang)奶(nai)奶(nai)建冢,官(guan)府(fu)為(wei)龍(long)(long)王(wang)建龍(long)(long)王(wang)廟,香火旺盛。
二(er)月(yue)初二(er)是龍(long)抬頭的(de)日(ri)子,也是廟中神主白青(qing)龍(long)的(de)生日(ri)。四(si)(si)百多(duo)年來,中州大地的(de)老百姓為使(shi)一年四(si)(si)季風調雨順,到龍(long)王廟祭祀。青(qing)龍(long)宮香火(huo)旺盛,各村各廟宇的(de)經擔、旱(han)船、盤(pan)鼓、高蹺、大駕(jia)等民間藝術百余(yu)路都來廟內演出(chu),八方商賈云集,九州百貨暢流,官府出(chu)資請名團(tuan)名角唱(chang)大戲五天慶賀,十萬多(duo)觀光客(ke)爭(zheng)睹勝景(jing),熱鬧非凡。
青(qing)龍宮白青(qing)龍與(yu)(yu)民間(jian)女幸福(fu)結合的(de)神奇(qi)傳說,人(ren)(ren)民對(dui)風調雨順的(de)祈求(qiu),形(xing)成了青(qing)龍宮廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)。二月二廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)規模大(da),以青(qing)龍宮為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)心,村內各條大(da)街,村外空地(di),熙熙攘攘,人(ren)(ren)山(shan)人(ren)(ren)海,每年都超過十(shi)萬人(ren)(ren)次;民間(jian)信仰與(yu)(yu)社(she)會(hui)(hui)企盼息息相關(guan);文化活動與(yu)(yu)物(wu)資交流融(rong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一體(ti);官府(fu)(fu)重(zhong)視,慷(kang)慨出(chu)資;會(hui)(hui)期長,正會(hui)(hui)五天;祭祀和文化娛樂融(rong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一體(ti);活躍城鄉物(wu)資交流,成為(wei)(wei)(wei)武陟第一、懷(huai)慶府(fu)(fu)的(de)大(da)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)。