內容簡介
這(zhe)部作(zuo)品以吳(wu)(wu)越(yue)(yue)爭霸(ba)為(wei)歷史(shi)背景,吳(wu)(wu)優(you)而越(yue)(yue)劣(lie),勾踐為(wei)擊(ji)(ji)敗(bai)夫差,采用了(le)范(fan)蠡(li)的(de)計策,就(jiu)在接近成功時(shi)(shi),在鑄劍(jian)和劍(jian)術上遇到(dao)了(le)挫折。吳(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)劍(jian)士不(bu)(bu)但(dan)劍(jian)利(li)術精,且(qie)善用兵法,越(yue)(yue)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)敵。而此時(shi)(shi)出現的(de)放(fang)羊女阿青卻輕易地(di)擊(ji)(ji)敗(bai)了(le)吳(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)四劍(jian)士,范(fan)蠡(li)以之為(wei)奇,將阿青接到(dao)府(fu)邸,終(zhong)于使越(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)劍(jian)士觀(guan)摩到(dao)了(le)“神劍(jian)”的(de)影子。就(jiu)憑這(zhe)“神劍(jian)”的(de)影子,越(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)的(de)劍(jian)術已(yi)是(shi)天下無敵了(le)!另一方面(mian),在薛燭的(de)指(zhi)點下,越(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)也(ye)造出了(le)利(li)劍(jian)千萬,條件成熟,勾踐早已(yi)按(an)耐(nai)不(bu)(bu)住,終(zhong)于大破(po)(po)吳(wu)(wu)軍。而在范(fan)蠡(li)的(de)心中,攻破(po)(po)吳(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)并不(bu)(bu)是(shi)唯一的(de)目(mu)的(de),他更想見到(dao)被獻給夫差的(de)美(mei)女西(xi)施(shi)。當(dang)兩人(ren)見面(mian)時(shi)(shi),阿青出現了(le),因(yin)為(wei)她已(yi)經喜歡上了(le)范(fan)蠡(li),并以劍(jian)氣傷了(le)西(xi)施(shi)。但(dan)最終(zhong)因(yin)西(xi)施(shi)的(de)美(mei)貌而黯然離去(qu)……
人物形象
范蠡(越國大夫(fu),西施的(de)愛人)
阿青(qing)(越國一名牧羊女,從白猿那里悟得高(gao)超(chao)的劍法(fa)。后來喜(xi)歡(huan)上范蠡)
西施(越國(guo)美女(nv),范蠡的愛人)
白(bai)猿(又叫白(bai)公公,一只白(bai)色猿猴,會劍術,阿青的(de)師傅(fu))
勾踐(越王)
夫差(吳王)
文種(越國(guo)大夫)
伍子胥(xu)(吳國大夫)
歐冶子(鑄劍(jian)大師)
風胡子(鑄(zhu)劍大師(shi)、歐冶子的徒弟(di))
薛燭(鑄劍大師、歐冶子(zi)的徒弟(di))
干將、莫邪(xie)(鑄劍大師)
吳國劍士
越國劍士
歷史傳說
關于(yu)(yu)越女劍的傳說悠遠,散見于(yu)(yu)正史和野(ye)編,最(zui)早、最(zui)詳盡的記(ji)載是東漢趙曄的《吳(wu)越春秋(qiu)》,在后來的《藝文類(lei)聚(ju)》及《劍俠傳》中(zhong)亦有記(ji)載,小說《東周列(lie)國志演(yan)義》中(zhong)也有。
《吳越春秋》中有這樣的記(ji)載(zai):
“其時越王又(you)問(wen)相國范蠡曰(yue)(yue):‘孤有(you)報復之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謀(mou),水戰則乘(cheng)舟,陸行則乘(cheng)輿。輿舟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利,頓于兵(bing)弩(nu)。今(jin)子為寡人謀(mou)事,莫不謬者乎(hu)?’范蠡對曰(yue)(yue):‘臣(chen)聞(wen)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣人,莫不習(xi)戰用兵(bing)。然行陣、隊伍、軍鼓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,吉兇決在(zai)其工。今(jin)聞(wen)越有(you)處女,出(chu)于南林(是(shi)指(zhi)古(gu)歙縣的南鄉地區,主(zhu)峰擱船尖(jian),這里一(yi)直(zhi)有(you)傳(chuan)說36把越女劍,又(you)稱36把徽劍),國人稱善。愿王請之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),立可見。’越王乃使使聘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),問(wen)以(yi)劍戟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)術。
“處(chu)女將(jiang)北(bei)見(jian)于(yu)王,道逢一(yi)翁,自稱曰(yue)(yue)‘袁公(gong)’,問于(yu)處(chu)女曰(yue)(yue):吾聞(wen)子(zi)善劍,愿一(yi)見(jian)之。’女曰(yue)(yue):‘妾不敢多所隱,惟公(gong)試之。’于(yu)是袁公(gong)即杖箖箊(竹名)竹,竹枝上頡橋(qiao)(向上勁(jing)挑),未墮地(‘未’應作(zuo)‘末’,竹梢折(zhe)而跌(die)落),女即捷(jie)末(‘捷(jie)’應作(zuo)‘接’,接住竹梢)。袁公(gong)則飛上樹(shu),變(bian)為白猿,遂別(bie)去。
“見越王(wang)。越王(wang)問(wen)曰:‘夫劍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何?’女曰:‘妾生(sheng)深林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,長于無人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)野,無道(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)習,不(bu)(bu)(bu)達諸侯,竊好(hao)擊(ji)劍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),誦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)休。妾非受(shou)于人(ren)(ren)也,而忽自有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’越王(wang)曰:‘其(qi)(qi)道(dao)如何?’女曰:‘其(qi)(qi)道(dao)甚(shen)(shen)微而易(yi),其(qi)(qi)意甚(shen)(shen)幽而深。道(dao)有(you)門(men)戶,亦(yi)有(you)陰陽。開門(men)閉戶,陰衰陽興。凡手戰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),內實精神(shen),外示安儀。見之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)似(si)好(hao)婦,奪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)似(si)懼虎(看上去好(hao)像溫柔的(de)女子,一受(shou)攻擊(ji),立刻便如受(shou)到(dao)威脅的(de)猛(meng)虎那樣,作出(chu)迅速強烈的(de)反應)。布形候氣,與神(shen)俱(ju)往。杳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)若日(ri),偏如騰兔,追形逐影(ying),光若仿佛,呼(hu)吸(xi)往來,不(bu)(bu)(bu)及法禁,縱橫逆順,直復不(bu)(bu)(bu)聞。斯道(dao)者,一人(ren)(ren)當(dang)百,百人(ren)(ren)當(dang)萬。王(wang)欲試之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其(qi)(qi)驗即(ji)(ji)見。’越王(wang)即(ji)(ji)加女號(hao),號(hao)曰‘越女’。乃命五板(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墮(‘墮’應作‘隊’)高(gao)(‘高(gao)’是人(ren)(ren)名(ming),高(gao)隊長)習之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教軍士(shi),當(dang)世莫勝越女之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍。”
《劍俠傳(chuan)》則(ze)說:“袁公(gong)即挽林杪(miao)之竹似(si)桔(jie)槔(gao),末折地,女接其(qi)末。公(gong)操(cao)其(qi)本而刺(ci)女。女因舉杖擊之,公(gong)即上樹,化為白猿。”
“桔槔”是(shi)井(jing)上汲水的(de)(de)滑車,當是(shi)從(cong)《吳越春秋》中“頡橋”兩字化出來的(de)(de),形容袁公使(shi)動竹枝時的(de)(de)靈動。
越(yue)(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)謀臣范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),原為(wei)楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人,字少伯,出仕(shi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)(guo)為(wei)大(da)(da)夫(fu)。吳(wu)越(yue)(yue)(yue)夫(fu)椒之(zhi)(zhi)戰,越(yue)(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)敗,退保會稽(ji)(今(jin)浙江紹興)。范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)獻(xian)(xian)計越(yue)(yue)(yue)王(wang),卑身(shen)厚賂(包括(kuo)獻(xian)(xian)出美女(nv)西(xi)施和鄭(zheng)旦)向吳(wu)求和,自(zi)己也(ye)陪同越(yue)(yue)(yue)王(wang)勾(gou)踐至(zhi)吳(wu)為(wei)人質,終(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)迷(mi)惑吳(wu)王(wang),放虎歸(gui)(gui)山。歸(gui)(gui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou),范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與大(da)(da)夫(fu)文種協力治國(guo)(guo)(guo),加強(qiang)戰備,公元前473年,越(yue)(yue)(yue)兵(bing)破吳(wu),迫使夫(fu)差自(zi)殺(sha)(sha),越(yue)(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)(guo)因此強(qiang)盛。勾(gou)踐稱(cheng)霸后(hou)(hou),范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)辭官歸(gui)(gui)隱(yin)(yin)至(zhi)齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo),曾(ceng)任(ren)齊(qi)相(xiang)。據說(shuo)他(ta)(ta)善于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)經(jing)營,積財千(qian)萬,成了大(da)(da)富翁(weng),號(hao)陶(tao)朱公。范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)歸(gui)(gui)隱(yin)(yin)后(hou)(hou)曾(ceng)寫(xie)信給大(da)(da)夫(fu)文種,提醒他(ta)(ta)“飛鳥(niao)盡,良弓(gong)藏;狡兔死,走狗烹(peng)”他(ta)(ta)認(ren)為(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)王(wang)勾(gou)踐只可(ke)共(gong)患(huan)難,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)共(gong)安樂,勸文種也(ye)離開(kai)勾(gou)踐,功成身(shen)退。文種沒(mei)有聽(ting)從范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)勸告。后(hou)(hou)來勾(gou)踐聽(ting)信讒(chan)言(yan),令文種自(zi)殺(sha)(sha)。文種嘆(tan)曰:“我懊(ao)悔(hui)沒(mei)有聽(ting)范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)話,才遭到這樣的(de)(de)下場!”后(hou)(hou)人為(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)王(wang)辯曰:范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)文種之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以不(bu)(bu)(bu)見容于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)勾(gou)踐,并不(bu)(bu)(bu)是由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“可(ke)以共(gong)患(huan)難,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)以共(gong)富貴”,要知道(dao)勾(gou)踐乃(nai)王(wang)霸之(zhi)(zhi)才,且正是大(da)(da)展(zhan)宏圖(tu),用(yong)人之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)怎么會殺(sha)(sha)自(zi)己的(de)(de)得力干將呢(ni)?當時(shi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)已(yi)吞吳(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)地(di),欲向北爭(zheng)霸擴疆,第一個對手便是楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(越(yue)(yue)(yue)衰時(shi)曾(ceng)被楚(chu)盡奪浙西(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)),而范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和文種皆(jie)為(wei)楚(chu)人,所(suo)(suo)以勾(gou)踐不(bu)(bu)(bu)能信任(ren)他(ta)(ta)們。美女(nv)西(xi)施亦稱(cheng)西(xi)子,越(yue)(yue)(yue)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人,家住苧蘿(今(jin)浙江諸暨(ji)南)浣紗村西(xi)。越(yue)(yue)(yue)王(wang)勾(gou)踐從范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)施美人計,獻(xian)(xian)西(xi)施于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)吳(wu)王(wang)夫(fu)差,在(zai)吳(wu)王(wang)宮(gong)中極受寵愛,同時(shi)的(de)(de)美女(nv)鄭(zheng)旦卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)見經(jing)傳(chuan)。吳(wu)亡后(hou)(hou),有說(shuo)她被越(yue)(yue)(yue)王(wang)“沉(chen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)江”,有說(shuo)她與范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)駕扁舟(zhou)入五湖(hu)(即今(jin)太(tai)湖(hu))隱(yin)(yin)居(ju),也(ye)有民間傳(chuan)說(shuo),他(ta)(ta)們隱(yin)(yin)居(ju)到了古山越(yue)(yue)(yue)腹地(di)---神山 擱船尖的(de)(de)“石門九不(bu)(bu)(bu)鎖”,不(bu)(bu)(bu)知所(suo)(suo)終(zhong)。范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)在(zai)無錫(xi)留下了不(bu)(bu)(bu)少傳(chuan)說(shuo),在(zai)無錫(xi)有好(hao)多(duo)地(di)名與范(fan)(fan)蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)有關,如蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)河、蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)橋(qiao)、蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)園、罵蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)港橋(qiao)(現已(yi)改名為(wei)馬蠡(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)港橋(qiao))等。