永春桃溪水利風景區概況
桃(tao)溪流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)水(shui)利風景區以桃(tao)溪縣城(cheng)河段為主體,向上游、下游輻射(she)整個(ge)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)沿途景觀(guan),西起石(shi)鼓鎮(zhen)(zhen)卿園(yuan)橋,東(dong)(dong)至東(dong)(dong)關(guan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)東(dong)(dong)關(guan)古橋,主河道長 19 公里(li),規劃總面積 5.14 平(ping)方公里(li),其中水(shui)域(yu)面積 1.27 平(ping)方公里(li),陸地(di)面積 3.87 平(ping)方公里(li)。桃(tao)溪流(liu)(liu)(liu)經石(shi)鼓鎮(zhen)(zhen)、五里(li)街鎮(zhen)(zhen)、桃(tao)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、東(dong)(dong)平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)以及東(dong)(dong)關(guan)鎮(zhen)(zhen) 5 個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)。
河流
桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)源于永春(chun)(chun)縣錦(jin)斗鄉(xiang)珍卿村(cun)附近的(de)雪山(shan)(shan)南麓,流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)永春(chun)(chun)縣錦(jin)斗、呈祥、蓬(peng)壺(hu)、達(da)(da)埔(pu)、石(shi)鼓、五里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)街(jie)(jie)、桃(tao)(tao)城和東(dong)平8個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮,出東(dong)關(guan)入山(shan)(shan)美水(shui)(shui)庫為晉江東(dong)溪(xi)(xi),全(quan)長(chang)61.75公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),主(zhu)流(liu)(liu)自(zi)珍卿村(cun)口拱橋至東(dong)關(guan)出縣境長(chang)48公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積476平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),為永春(chun)(chun)縣境內最(zui)主(zhu)要的(de)河流(liu)(liu)。桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)河道比降平均為6.2‰(至水(shui)(shui)文站),河床最(zui)寬(kuan)處(chu)百米以(yi)上(shang)。歷史上(shang)舟(zhou)楫可(ke)通(tong)至石(shi)鼓潭,1958年(nian)仍(reng)可(ke)通(tong)至儒林(lin)的(de)義烈祠(ci)后(hou),以(yi)后(hou)因水(shui)(shui)土流(liu)(liu)失(shi)嚴重,河床淤積,已(yi)失(shi)去舟(zhou)楫之利。桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)較大(da)的(de)支流(liu)(liu)有(you)壺(hu)東(dong)溪(xi)(xi)、延清溪(xi)(xi)、達(da)(da)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)溪(xi)(xi)、高(gao)壟(long)(long)溪(xi)(xi)。壺(hu)東(dong)溪(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)源于永春(chun)(chun)縣蘇(su)坑鄉(xiang)馬(ma)鞍與(yu)(yu)德化縣潯中鎮的(de)交界處(chu),流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)熙里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、東(dong)星(xing)(xing)、溪(xi)(xi)園、魁都、湯城、壺(hu)中,在(zai)雙溪(xi)(xi)口與(yu)(yu)桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)匯合,全(quan)長(chang)13.75公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)蘇(su)坑和蓬(peng)壺(hu)2個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮。延清溪(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)源于永春(chun)(chun)縣蓬(peng)壺(hu)鎮聯(lian)星(xing)(xing)村(cun),流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)溪(xi)(xi)源、前峰、蓬(peng)萊(lai)、建國,在(zai)達(da)(da)埔(pu)鄉(xiang)新瓊村(cun)匯入桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi),全(quan)長(chang)8公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。達(da)(da)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)溪(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)源于永春(chun)(chun)縣達(da)(da)埔(pu)鄉(xiang)達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan),流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)達(da)(da)中、金星(xing)(xing),在(zai)橋頭宮注入桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi),全(quan)長(chang)8公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。高(gao)壟(long)(long)溪(xi)(xi)有(you)2個(ge)源地:東(dong)源于吾(wu)峰鄉(xiang)吾(wu)頂,流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)梅林(lin)、后(hou)壟(long)(long)、埔(pu)頭、社山(shan)(shan)、西(xi)(xi)安,在(zai)五里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)街(jie)(jie)鎮西(xi)(xi)安橋下匯入桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi),全(quan)長(chang)11.5公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li);西(xi)(xi)源于桃(tao)(tao)城鎮玳瑁山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)面(mian),流(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)蔣溪(xi)(xi)、吾(wu)達(da)(da)、吾(wu)東(dong),在(zai)五里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)街(jie)(jie)鎮與(yu)(yu)高(gao)壟(long)(long)溪(xi)(xi)相匯合,全(quan)長(chang)4.5公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。
桃(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)雪(xue)山南麓(lu)的(de)珍卿尖(jian),流(liu)經錦(jin)斗、呈祥、蓬壸、達埔、石(shi)鼓(gu)、五里街(jie)、桃(tao)城、東平(ping)等(deng)八(ba)(ba)個鄉鎮,出東關入山美水庫為(wei)晉(jin)江東溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),全(quan)長(chang)六(liu)十(shi)一.七(qi)五公里。主流(liu)自珍卿村口拱橋至東關出縣境長(chang)四十(shi)八(ba)(ba)公里。流(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)四百七(qi)十(shi)六(liu)平(ping)方(fang)公里,溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)流(liu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)五千二(er)(er)(er)百零八(ba)(ba)畝,流(liu)域平(ping)均坡度為(wei)百分之(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)五,溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)床(chuang)坡降平(ping)均為(wei)百分之(zhi)零點六(liu)二(er)(er)(er)(至水文站),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)床(chuang)最寛(kuan)處百米以(yi)上。歷(li)史上舟楫可通至石(shi)鼓(gu)潭,一九(jiu)五八(ba)(ba)年仍可通至儒林的(de)義烈祠(ci)后。以(yi)后水土流(liu)失(shi)嚴(yan)重(一九(jiu)八(ba)(ba)二(er)(er)(er)年流(liu)沙量為(wei)三十(shi)七(qi).八(ba)(ba)萬噸),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)道淤積(ji),成為(wei)淺灘沙溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
桃溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是永春的主溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),匯支流(liu)(liu)較多(duo)。在錦斗鄉匯洪內溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);呈祥鄉柴橋(qiao)(qiao)頭(tou)匯呈祥溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);經(jing)(jing)龍潭出馬(ma)跳(tiao)至(zhi)蓬壸(kun),北(bei)有(you)都溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)有(you)壸(kun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);折(zhe)向(xiang)南(nan)到壸(kun)口(kou)橋(qiao)(qiao),西有(you)西昌小(xiao)(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),東(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)蘇阪小(xiao)(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);至(zhi)芹(qin)山(shan)(shan)前(qian)折(zhe)向(xiang)西流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)孔里宮(gong),有(you)高麗溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)來會;轉(zhuan)南(nan)繞芹(qin)山(shan)(shan)至(zhi)達埔坪尾,有(you)路尾坑(keng)(keng)(keng),至(zhi)玉樹壟有(you)竹下(xia)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);轉(zhuan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)經(jing)(jing)神(shen)廟(miao)至(zhi)橋(qiao)(qiao)頭(tou)宮(gong)一帶,西有(you)延清溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、達理溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),東(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)源(yuan)于百丈巖的漢口(kou)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);再向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)洋角尾,南(nan)有(you)源(yuan)于舟山(shan)(shan)的洑(fu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),北(bei)有(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)園坑(keng)(keng)(keng);繞溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)尾山(shan)(shan)向(xiang)北(bei)再斜轉(zhuan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei),經(jing)(jing)洑(fu)江至(zhi)社山(shan)(shan),有(you)北(bei)來的田中坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、打石(shi)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、磁灶坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、山(shan)(shan)前(qian)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)等水(shui)會合;此后轉(zhuan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)流(liu)(liu)到西安(an)橋(qiao)(qiao)上下(xia),匯合石(shi)鼓溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、高壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)面進一步展(zhan)寛;經(jing)(jing)五里街(jie)、桃城,北(bei)有(you)源(yuan)于大鵬(peng)山(shan)(shan)諸小(xiao)(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),東(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)龍蛟沙小(xiao)(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),南(nan)有(you)德風溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、花(hua)石(shi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);至(zhi)雙魚山(shan)(shan)下(xia)轉(zhuan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)行,再折(zhe)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)繞花(hua)石(shi)山(shan)(shan)、水(shui)口(kou)山(shan)(shan)入(ru)東(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping),有(you)鼓溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、磨刀坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、羅洋坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、芹(qin)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)諸水(shui)來會;流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)關橋(qiao)(qiao)下(xia),匯湖洋溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)過馬(ma)甲等灘出縣境。
桃溪比較大的支流有四:
壸東溪,發源于蘇(su)坑鄉馬鞍與德化交(jiao)界處(chu),全長十三.七(qi)五公(gong)里,流經熙(xi)里、東星、溪園、魁斗、湯城(cheng)、壸中(zhong),在(zai)雙溪口與桃溪匯合。
延(yan)清溪,發源(yuan)(yuan)于蓬壸鄉聯星(xing)村,全長八(ba)公里,流(liu)經(jing)溪源(yuan)(yuan)、前鋒、蓬萊、建國,在新瓊(qiong)與桃溪匯(hui)合(he)。
達(da)理(li)溪(xi),發源于烏(wu)石、達(da)山、全長十公(gong)里,流經達(da)理(li)、達(da)中、金星(xing),在橋頭宮與桃溪(xi)匯合。
高(gao)壟(long)溪,有二(er)個發源(yuan)地(di):吾(wu)(wu)頂、玳(dai)瑁山。源(yuan)于吾(wu)(wu)頂的全長(chang)十一.五公里,梳經(jing)默林(lin)、后壟(long)、吾(wu)(wu)西(xi)、吾(wu)(wu)中、棗嶺、高(gao)壟(long)、埔頭、社山、西(xi)安(an),在西(xi)安(an)橋(qiao)下與桃溪匯(hui)合。源(yuan)于玳(dai)瑁山西(xi)面的全長(chang)四.五公里,經(jing)蔣溪、吾(wu)(wu)邊、吾(wu)(wu)東,在高(gao)壟(long)村相匯(hui)合。
桃溪(xi)屬中--老年期溪(xi)流(liu),表現(xian)盆地(di)溪(xi)流(liu),形(xing)成(cheng)蛇曲(qu)。附城(cheng)區的(de)(de)原河渞曾從(cong)現(xian)在的(de)(de)縣農場(chang)(chang)沿桃星、桃場(chang)(chang)至農科所,折北東經(jing)義烈祠北向東流(liu)(經(jing)縣體育場(chang)(chang)北面),經(jing)過多次洪水災(zai)害而逐(zhu)漸改道為現(xian)溪(xi)流(liu)形(xing)狀。