芒果视频

一.產品介紹

簡介

菊(ju)花芯柚(you)果實闊倒(dao)卵形(xing)，果形(xing)微偏(pian)微凹，果臍部有放射狀溝紋，似菊(ju)花形(xing)而得(de)名。果肉深紅色(se)，紅晶透亮，肉質(zhi)(zhi)脆嫩，風味濃(nong)美，化渣爽口(kou)，甜酸適(shi)口(kou)，營(ying)養(yang)豐富，耐貯耐運，品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)優良。自問世以來，一直(zhi)被譽為柚(you)中珍品(pin)，擁有天然“水果罐頭”之(zhi)美稱。2007年度張家界菊(ju)花芯柚(you)榮獲全市柑桔鑒評“優質(zhi)(zhi)獎”。

形態特征

張家界菊花芯柚屬于蕓香科柚類，葉型長橢圓形，樹勢強健，常綠喬木，樹冠自然圓頭形，樹姿開張，花瓣肥厚呈白色，花大。總狀花序或穗狀花序，以無葉花序居多，經濟壽命100年左右。據測定：內含可溶性固形物10.5-11.6%;每100克果汁中含總糖7.86克(ke)(ke)(ke)，還原(yuan)糖(tang)2.80克(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)(han)總酸0.68克(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)(han)維生素C100.53毫克(ke)(ke)(ke),含(han)(han)鈣28.43毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)(han)鐵0.092毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)(han)鋅1.05毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)。具有降血(xue)壓、降血(xue)脂、減血(xue)栓、助消化(hua)、止咳化(hua)痰、健(jian)脾(pi)、減肥美容等(deng)功(gong)效。

菊(ju)花芯柚屬于中熟(shu)品種，11月下旬至12上(shang)旬成(cheng)熟(shu)采收上(shang)市，極(ji)耐(nai)貯運。果實采收后在(zai)常(chang)溫下貯藏210-260天仍(reng)可保持(chi)優(you)良品質，無粒化，肉脆味美。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）地(di)(di)貌特征與土(tu)(tu)壤環境：永(yong)定(ding)區位于(yu)武陵山(shan)脈(mo)腹地(di)(di)，地(di)(di)貌以(yi)山(shan)丘為(wei)主，地(di)(di)勢是(shi)南、北部高往澧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流域(yu)傾斜，中(zhong)部低洼。張(zhang)家界(jie)菊花(hua)(hua)芯(xin)柚(you)主產(chan)區位于(yu)澧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流域(yu)海拔100m-300m之間低丘、平(ping)原地(di)(di)帶，土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)肥(fei)沃、透(tou)氣、保水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、保肥(fei)，pH值在4.5～8.0之間，有(you)(you)機質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)11～70g/㎏，全氮0.85～2.90g/㎏，堿解氮55～280㎎/㎏，有(you)(you)效磷(lin)7.5～120㎎/㎏，速(su)效鉀35～320㎎/㎏，富含(han)多(duo)種礦物元素，結(jie)構疏松，是(shi)張(zhang)家界(jie)菊花(hua)(hua)芯(xin)柚(you)生(sheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)獨特土(tu)(tu)壤條件(jian)(jian)。 （2）氣候(hou)情(qing)況(kuang)：產(chan)區屬中(zhong)亞熱帶山(shan)原型季風(feng)濕潤氣候(hou)，溫(wen)度適宜，雨(yu)量(liang)充沛，日照充足，四季分(fen)明。年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)16.8℃，1月平(ping)均溫(wen)度≥4℃，絕對最低溫(wen)度≥-3.5℃，≥10℃的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)積溫(wen)4800℃以(yi)上(shang)，年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)1400mm，年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均日照1450 h以(yi)上(shang)，這(zhe)種氣候(hou)環境非常適合(he)張(zhang)家界(jie)菊花(hua)(hua)芯(xin)柚(you)的(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)。 （3）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況(kuang)：永(yong)定(ding)區位于(yu)澧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河中(zhong)上(shang)游，澧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流貫(guan)全境，全長(chang)91公(gong)里(li)。沿河兩(liang)岸有(you)(you)許多(duo)蓄、引(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工程，與大(da)小山(shan)塘、河壩、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫渠道相通，柚(you)園內(nei)有(you)(you)大(da)小蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)池、引(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)渠（溝）相連，地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)良好(hao)，清澈(che)透(tou)明，為(wei)張(zhang)家界(jie)菊花(hua)(hua)芯(xin)柚(you)生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)(di)提供了十分(fen)有(you)(you)利的(de)(de)灌溉條件(jian)(jian)。

三.地域范圍

張家界菊花芯柚農產品地(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)域(yu)保(bao)護范圍包括永定(ding)區西溪坪(ping)街(jie)(jie)道辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、陽湖坪(ping)街(jie)(jie)道辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、楓香崗街(jie)(jie)道辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、后坪(ping)街(jie)(jie)道辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、沙堤街(jie)(jie)道辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、茅巖(yan)河鎮(zhen)(zhen)、新橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、合作(zuo)橋(qiao)鄉、尹家溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)、教字埡鎮(zhen)(zhen)、橋(qiao)頭鄉11個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)街(jie)(jie)道辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)。地(di)理坐標位于：東經110°17′00.0″-110°38′17.4″，北緯29°05′39.2″-29°12′22.1″。基地(di)總(zong)生(sheng)產面積(ji)1333.3公頃，年總(zong)產量30000噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外在(zai)感官特征(zheng)：張(zhang)家(jia)界菊(ju)花芯(xin)柚果(guo)(guo)實闊倒卵(luan)形，果(guo)(guo)頂微(wei)(wei)扁微(wei)(wei)凹，果(guo)(guo)臍部有放射狀溝紋(wen)，似菊(ju)花形，果(guo)(guo)面(mian)色澤淡黃色，較光滑(hua)，白(bai)皮層(ceng)微(wei)(wei)帶紅暈，不易剝離，囊瓣腎形。果(guo)(guo)肉淡紅，肉質(zhi)脆嫩(nen)化(hua)渣，甜酸可口，風味濃。 （2）內在(zai)品質(zhi)指標：可溶性(xing)固(gu)形物含(han)量≥10.5 %，可滴定(ding)酸≤0.4g/100g，果(guo)(guo)肉含(han)維生素C≥25.0mg/100g。 （3）安全(quan)要求：符(fu)合GB2762和(he)GB2763等規定(ding)。

五.特定生產方式

（1）產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇與要求(qiu)(qiu) 張家(jia)界(jie)(jie)菊(ju)花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)遠離工(gong)廠(chang)、村莊和(he)住宅(zhai)區(qu)，附近沒有(you)(you)污染源(yuan)(yuan)，在(zai)澧(li)水流域海拔100m-300m之間(jian)低丘(qiu)、平(ping)原(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，坡度(du)(du)控制在(zai)25°以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)要求(qiu)(qiu)為河(he)流沖(chong)積(ji)沙壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)，pH值6.5—7.5，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)水位(wei)離地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)1m以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境質(zhi)量符合(he)(he)NY/391－2013綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境條件(jian)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)。 （2）砧木、接(jie)穗選(xuan)擇與栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特定(ding)要求(qiu)(qiu) 適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)張家(jia)界(jie)(jie)菊(ju)花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)的(de)(de)砧木有(you)(you)枳(zhi)砧和(he)酸柚(you)，接(jie)穗來源(yuan)(yuan)張家(jia)界(jie)(jie)菊(ju)花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)原(yuan)種(zhong)園，苗(miao)木質(zhi)量按(an)GB/T9659《柑桔嫁(jia)接(jie)苗(miao)分(fen)級及(ji)檢驗》執行(xing)(xing)，提(ti)倡(chang)栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫毒(du)容器苗(miao)。容器苗(miao)可(ke)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，裸根(gen)苗(miao)栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)中旬(xun)(xun)(xun)～11月(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)秋梢(shao)(shao)老熟后(hou)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)～3月(yue)(yue)(yue)中旬(xun)(xun)(xun)春梢(shao)(shao)萌芽前(qian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)枳(zhi)砧嫁(jia)接(jie)苗(miao)平(ping)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)44株(zhu)﹙5m×3m﹚，坡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)55株(zhu)﹙4m×3m﹚；酸柚(you)砧嫁(jia)苗(miao)平(ping)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)33株(zhu)﹙5m×4m﹚；坡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)42株(zhu)﹙4m×4m﹚。栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)掉根(gen)系(xi)彎曲(qu)部分(fen)，舒展根(gen)系(xi)，再(zai)放(fang)入(ru)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)中部，邊(bian)培土(tu)(tu)邊(bian)向上(shang)輕(qing)提(ti)，使根(gen)系(xi)充(chong)分(fen)與定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)結合(he)(he)，并(bing)扶正、踏緊，使根(gen)頸(jing)部應(ying)(ying)(ying)稍高于(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)，在(zai)柚(you)子(zi)(zi)苗(miao)基部形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)直徑100cm左(zuo)右樹(shu)盤，灌(guan)足(zu)定(ding)根(gen)水。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安江(jiang)糯米柚(you)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)授(shou)(shou)粉(fen)(fen)樹(shu)，按(an)10：1的(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)例配(pei)置(zhi)。 （3）栽(zai)培管理(li)(li) ①土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)管理(li)(li) 間(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)：柚(you)園提(ti)倡(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)栽(zai)培，草(cao)的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)葉(xie)(xie)草(cao)、黑麥(mai)草(cao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)為宜(yi)；幼(you)樹(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)花生(sheng)(sheng)、黃(huang)豆、西瓜、蔬菜(cai)等(deng)(deng)(deng)農(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)。草(cao)類(lei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)間(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)要適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)刈割翻埋(mai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)中或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)覆(fu)蓋于(yu)(yu)(yu)樹(shu)盤。 覆(fu)蓋與培土(tu)(tu)：封行(xing)(xing)前(qian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)樹(shu)盤覆(fu)蓋，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雜(za)草(cao)、稻草(cao)、作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)莖桿(gan)將(jiang)(jiang)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)蓋上(shang)；高溫或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)干(gan)旱季(ji)節(jie)，提(ti)倡(chang)樹(shu)盤內(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)秸桿(gan)覆(fu)蓋，厚度(du)(du)10～15cm，覆(fu)蓋物(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)與根(gen)莖保持10cm左(zuo)右的(de)(de)距離。培土(tu)(tu)在(zai)冬季(ji)中耕松(song)土(tu)(tu)后(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。 ②施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei) 在(zai)每(mei)次梢(shao)(shao)抽前(qian)10d—15d及(ji)抽梢(shao)(shao)后(hou)10d—15d各(ge)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)1—2次，頂芽自(zi)(zi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)至新梢(shao)(shao)轉綠(lv)前(qian)結合(he)(he)病蟲(chong)防(fang)治進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)葉(xie)(xie)面(mian)(mian)追肥(fei)(fei)1—2次。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)狀溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、條溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、穴(xue)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)土(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方法(fa)。溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)滴水外圍處(chu)(chu)，挖穴(xue)長(chang)50cm×寬20cm×深10cm，東西、南北對稱輪換(huan)位(wei)置(zhi)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)雨或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)灌(guan)溉后(hou)可(ke)在(zai)土(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿素，提(ti)倡(chang)水肥(fei)(fei)一體化。 ③整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian) 整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)：采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)然開心形(xing)(xing)，主(zhu)干(gan)高50～60cm，選(xuan)留4～5個(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)距50～60cm，各(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)配(pei)置(zhi)副主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)3～5個(ge)側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，樹(shu)高控制在(zai)3m以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。 幼(you)樹(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)（1～4年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)）修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)宜(yi)輕(qing)。對選(xuan)定(ding)的(de)(de)中心干(gan)和(he)各(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、副主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、延長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)適(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)短截(jie)，對過(guo)密枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群和(he)擾亂(luan)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)交(jiao)叉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、重(zhong)(zhong)疊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)適(shi)(shi)當疏(shu)(shu)(shu)刪(shan)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)短截(jie)，其它枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)均可(ke)不(bu)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，內(nei)(nei)膛(tang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)中下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)部較弱的(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)一般均應(ying)(ying)(ying)保留。 初結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)（5～10年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)）修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian):以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)刪(shan)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為主(zhu)。重(zhong)(zhong)點是控制樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)頂部，對樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)頂部和(he)外圍過(guo)密的(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群，按(an)“三(san)(san)去一、五去二(er)”的(de)(de)方法(fa)，將(jiang)(jiang)直立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、長(chang)勢強的(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)密生(sheng)(sheng)衰(shuai)弱的(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)去，保留長(chang)勢中庸枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 盛(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian):短截(jie)與疏(shu)(shu)(shu)刪(shan)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相結合(he)(he)。及(ji)時(shi)(shi)回縮(suo)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)、落(luo)(luo)花落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)和(he)衰(shuai)退枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病蟲(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。對較擁(yong)擠的(de)(de)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適(shi)(shi)當疏(shu)(shu)(shu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)開“側窗”，將(jiang)(jiang)光(guang)線引(yin)入(ru)內(nei)(nei)膛(tang)。當年(nian)(nian)抽生(sheng)(sheng)較多(duo)晚秋梢(shao)(shao)營養枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)抹除(chu)(chu)(chu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)免(mian)影響花芽分(fen)化，防(fang)止大(da)小(xiao)年(nian)(nian)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。花量較大(da)時(shi)(shi)適(shi)(shi)量疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，對部分(fen)長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花序及(ji)時(shi)(shi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)抹處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)。 ④花果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管理(li)(li) 授(shou)(shou)粉(fen)(fen)：張家(jia)界(jie)(jie)菊(ju)花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)自(zi)(zi)花結實率(lv)高，在(zai)配(pei)置(zhi)授(shou)(shou)粉(fen)(fen)樹(shu)的(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)更高，不(bu)需(xu)要人工(gong)授(shou)(shou)粉(fen)(fen)。 疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)：分(fen)2次進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)，在(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)第一次疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，在(zai)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)中旬(xun)(xun)(xun)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)第二(er)次疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)病蟲(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸形(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)密生(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。始(shi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)株(zhu)留果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)8—10個(ge)，盛(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)隨樹(shu)齡增長(chang)每(mei)株(zhu)留果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)50—150個(ge)。 套(tao)袋：在(zai)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)單層專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)袋套(tao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)前(qian)20d摘袋。 ⑤病蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治 冬季(ji)清(qing)(qing)園：幼(you)年(nian)(nian)樹(shu)在(zai)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)底進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)冬季(ji)清(qing)(qing)園，成(cheng)(cheng)年(nian)(nian)樹(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)15d進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)冬季(ji)清(qing)(qing)園，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)病蟲(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葉(xie)(xie)，撿(jian)拾落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)(xie)、落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)集中銷(xiao)毀(hui)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)晴天選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)45%結晶石硫合(he)(he)劑300倍(bei)液對樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)噴施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。 物(wu)理(li)(li)防(fang)治：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光(guang)燈(deng)和(he)黃(huang)板引(yin)誘或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)驅避(bi)吸果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)夜蛾(e)、金龜子(zi)(zi)、卷葉(xie)(xie)蛾(e)、蚜蟲(chong)、粉(fen)(fen)虱(shi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)害(hai)蟲(chong)；人工(gong)捕捉天牛、蚱蟬、金龜子(zi)(zi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)害(hai)蟲(chong)。 化學防(fang)治：選(xuan)擇使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)低毒(du)及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)源(yuan)(yuan)農(nong)藥(yao)、植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)源(yuan)(yuan)農(nong)藥(yao)、礦物(wu)源(yuan)(yuan)農(nong)藥(yao)，嚴格(ge)掌握安全(quan)間(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)，在(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)前(qian)45d內(nei)(nei)不(bu)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)藥(yao)。 （4）果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)及(ji)產(chan)后(hou)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) ①果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou) 鮮銷(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實正常成(cheng)(cheng)熟，表現出(chu)本品(pin)種(zhong)固有(you)(you)的(de)(de)品(pin)質(zhi)特征（色澤、香、風(feng)味(wei)(wei)和(he)口感等(deng)(deng)(deng)）時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)，貯藏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)比(bi)(bi)鮮銷(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)宜(yi)早7～10d采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)圓頭果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，要求(qiu)(qiu)一果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)兩(liang)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蒂平(ping)齊，分(fen)批采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘，輕(qing)拿輕(qing)放(fang)。貯運(yun)(yun)工(gong)具必(bi)須(xu)清(qing)(qing)潔、干(gan)燥、無異(yi)味(wei)(wei)、無污染、防(fang)雨、防(fang)曬，嚴禁與有(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)害(hai)、易污染的(de)(de)物(wu)品(pin)混(hun)裝，混(hun)運(yun)(yun)。 ②商品(pin)化處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) 采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水洗或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)干(gan)洗的(de)(de)方式對果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)(mian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)清(qing)(qing)潔處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，清(qing)(qing)洗用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水質(zhi)量須(xu)符合(he)(he)相關(guan)安全(quan)衛生(sheng)(sheng)規定(ding)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實重(zhong)(zhong)量為分(fen)級依據(ju)，共分(fen)五級：一級果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1800克以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)、二(er)級果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1600～1799克、三(san)(san)級果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1400～1599克、四級果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1200～1399克、五級果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1000～1199克。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)網袋或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)紙箱包裝。包裝物(wu)上(shang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)標示品(pin)種(zhong)名稱、等(deng)(deng)(deng)級、產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)編號等(deng)(deng)(deng)相關(guan)信息。 （5）生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)錄：要求(qiu)(qiu)在(zai)整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程中，設(she)專人做好以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)記(ji)錄：生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)點、農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)名稱，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)耕作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，肥(fei)(fei)料種(zhong)類(lei)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)方式、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)量，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)藥(yao)名稱、方式、時(shi)(shi)間(jian)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)量，產(chan)品(pin)收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)、倉(cang)儲、銷(xiao)售等(deng)(deng)(deng)項目的(de)(de)日期(qi)(qi)(qi)、方式、數量等(deng)(deng)(deng)。建立詳細的(de)(de)投入(ru)品(pin)記(ji)錄、田管記(ji)錄、加工(gong)記(ji)錄、出(chu)入(ru)庫記(ji)錄、銷(xiao)售記(ji)錄等(deng)(deng)(deng)。

六(liu).包(bao)裝標識相關規定(ding)

本規定地域范圍內的張家(jia)界菊(ju)花芯柚農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)者，在產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或包裝上使用(yong)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，須向張家(jia)界市永(yong)定區(qu)經濟(ji)作物(wu)管理(li)(li)站提(ti)出申請(qing)，按照相關要求規范生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和使用(yong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，統(tong)一采(cai)用(yong)張家(jia)界菊(ju)花芯柚產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱(cheng)和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)相結合(he)的標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)方法(fa)。