江(jiang)西南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)洪(hong)(hong)門湖(hu)國家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園地(di)(di)(di)(di)處江(jiang)西省(sheng)南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)縣境內,主要包括南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)縣境內的(de)江(jiang)西省(sheng)第三大水(shui)庫——洪(hong)(hong)門水(shui)庫(即洪(hong)(hong)門湖(hu))、黎(li)灘河以及周邊(bian)一定(ding)的(de)區域。總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)7984.79公(gong)頃(qing),其中(zhong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為4208.81公(gong)頃(qing),占公(gong)園總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)52.71%。該濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園以洪(hong)(hong)門湖(hu)庫塘(tang)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、黎(li)灘河永久性(xing)(xing)河流(liu)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、洪(hong)(hong)泛平(ping)原濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)等構成的(de)自(zi)然(ran)人工復(fu)合濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生態系統,在我國東部中(zhong)亞(ya)熱(re)帶低山丘陵地(di)(di)(di)(di)區具有一定(ding)典型性(xing)(xing)和代表性(xing)(xing),丹霞地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌景(jing)觀(guan)下的(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)形態自(zi)然(ran),岸線優美,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)景(jing)觀(guan)獨特,觀(guan)賞性(xing)(xing)極(ji)強。
江西洪門湖國家濕地公園以洪門湖為核心。湖內島嶼有1000余個,素有贛東“千島湖”之稱。公園內自然的濕地、丹霞山地、森林與人文的“臨川文化”“洪門文化”“巫儺文化”“紅色文化”以及“民俗文化”構成的復合自然社會文化系統,在我國南方具有典型性與代表性,保護與利用價值極高。
江西洪門(men)湖國家濕地公(gong)園物(wu)(wu)種極為豐富,通過實(shi)地調查和對原(yuan)始資(zi)料的(de)(de)整理,初步(bu)統計公(gong)園內共(gong)有濕地維管植物(wu)(wu)71科、167屬、218種;野生脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)212種,隸(li)屬于27目70科,其種數為江西已知(zhi)脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)總數的(de)(de)25%。
江(jiang)西洪門(men)湖(hu)國(guo)家濕地公園分(fen)為五個功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)(qu):保護保育(yu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、恢復重建區(qu)(qu)(qu)、科(ke)(ke)普宣教區(qu)(qu)(qu)、合理利用區(qu)(qu)(qu)和管理服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)。通過規(gui)劃與科(ke)(ke)學(xue)建設(she),洪門(men)湖(hu)國(guo)家濕地公園將建設(she)成(cheng)為我國(guo)特殊的(de)丹霞地貌區(qu)(qu)(qu)域濕地公園、江(jiang)西省(sheng)第二大水鳥棲息地和中小(xiao)學(xue)科(ke)(ke)普教育(yu)基地。
為(wei)了保護(hu)(hu)好獨特的(de)(de)“丹霞(xia)地(di)(di)(di)貌濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)”和(he)江西(xi)省“第二大水鳥棲息地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)”,有效保護(hu)(hu)鄱陽湖的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)生態系統(tong)及(ji)生物(wu)多樣性,實施“秀美南城”戰(zhan)略,該縣順時應(ying)勢地(di)(di)(di)做(zuo)出了建設洪門湖國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)的(de)(de)決定,努(nu)力把公園(yuan)建設成(cheng)為(wei)集濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)保育、科普(pu)宣教(jiao)、科研監測(ce)、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)游覽觀(guan)光及(ji)休閑娛樂(le)為(wei)一體(ti),灌溉和(he)防洪調蓄功能(neng)兼備的(de)(de)國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)。