江西南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)門(men)湖(hu)國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)處江西省南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)縣境內,主(zhu)要包括南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)縣境內的(de)(de)江西省第三(san)大水(shui)(shui)庫——洪(hong)(hong)(hong)門(men)水(shui)(shui)庫(即洪(hong)(hong)(hong)門(men)湖(hu))、黎灘河(he)(he)以及周邊一(yi)定的(de)(de)區(qu)域。總面積(ji)7984.79公(gong)頃,其中(zhong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)總面積(ji)為(wei)4208.81公(gong)頃,占公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)總面積(ji)的(de)(de)52.71%。該濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)以洪(hong)(hong)(hong)門(men)湖(hu)庫塘濕(shi)地(di)(di)、黎灘河(he)(he)永久性河(he)(he)流濕(shi)地(di)(di)、洪(hong)(hong)(hong)泛平(ping)原濕(shi)地(di)(di)等(deng)構成的(de)(de)自然(ran)人工復合濕(shi)地(di)(di)生態(tai)(tai)系統(tong),在我國(guo)東部(bu)中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶低山丘陵地(di)(di)區(qu)具有(you)一(yi)定典型性和代表性,丹霞地(di)(di)貌景觀下(xia)的(de)(de)濕(shi)地(di)(di)形態(tai)(tai)自然(ran),岸線優美(mei),濕(shi)地(di)(di)景觀獨特,觀賞性極強。
江西洪門湖國家濕地公園以洪門湖為核心。湖內島嶼有1000余個,素有贛東“千島湖”之稱。公園內自然的濕地、丹霞山地、森林與人文的“臨川文化”“洪門文化”“巫儺文化”“紅色文化”以及“民俗文化”構成的復合自然社會文化系統,在我國南方具有典型性與代表性,保護與利用價值極高。
江西洪門湖國家濕(shi)地公(gong)園物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)極為豐富(fu),通(tong)過實(shi)地調查和對原始(shi)資(zi)料的整(zheng)理(li),初步統計公(gong)園內共有濕(shi)地維管植(zhi)物71科、167屬、218種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);野生脊(ji)椎(zhui)動物212種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬于27目70科,其(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)為江西已知脊(ji)椎(zhui)動物總數(shu)的25%。
江西(xi)洪門湖(hu)國(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)公園分為五個(ge)功能區(qu)(qu):保護(hu)保育區(qu)(qu)、恢復重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)、科普(pu)宣教區(qu)(qu)、合理利用區(qu)(qu)和(he)管理服務區(qu)(qu)。通過規劃與科學建(jian)設,洪門湖(hu)國(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)公園將建(jian)設成(cheng)為我國(guo)特殊的丹霞地(di)貌區(qu)(qu)域濕地(di)公園、江西(xi)省第二大水鳥棲息地(di)和(he)中小學科普(pu)教育基地(di)。
為了保(bao)護(hu)好獨特(te)的“丹霞地(di)貌濕(shi)(shi)地(di)”和江西(xi)省“第二大水鳥棲息地(di)保(bao)護(hu)”,有效保(bao)護(hu)鄱陽湖的濕(shi)(shi)地(di)生(sheng)態系統(tong)及(ji)生(sheng)物多樣性,實施“秀(xiu)美南城”戰略,該縣順時應勢地(di)做(zuo)出了建(jian)設洪(hong)(hong)門湖國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公園的決(jue)定,努(nu)力(li)把(ba)公園建(jian)設成為集濕(shi)(shi)地(di)保(bao)護(hu)保(bao)育、科普(pu)宣(xuan)教、科研監測、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)游(you)覽觀光(guang)及(ji)休(xiu)閑(xian)娛樂為一體,灌溉和防洪(hong)(hong)調蓄功(gong)能兼備的國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公園。