陜西(xi)漢中(zhong)蔥灘(tan)國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)位于(yu)陜西(xi)省漢西(xi)林(lin)業(ye)局廟(miao)坪林(lin)場轄區內(nei),公(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)具有(you)秦嶺(ling)林(lin)區面(mian)(mian)積(ji)大,生物多(duo)樣(yang)性豐富且具保護(hu)價值(zhi)的森林(lin)沼澤(ze)、沼澤(ze)化草甸(dian)、灌(guan)叢沼澤(ze)及永久性河流濕(shi)地(di)。是(shi)目(mu)前陜西(xi)省一(yi)家(jia)國(guo)家(jia)級森林(lin)沼澤(ze)濕(shi)地(di)。公(gong)園(yuan)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)710.8公(gong)頃,其中(zhong)濕(shi)地(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)243.9公(gong)頃,濕(shi)地(di)率達34.3%。森林(lin)覆蓋率97%。也(ye)是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)(dian)生態保護(hu)區和南水北(bei)調中(zhong)線工程重要(yao)的水源涵養區,2015年底被國(guo)家(jia)林(lin)業(ye)局批準為國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)試(shi)點(dian)(dian)單(dan)位。
蔥灘國(guo)家濕地公(gong)園位(wei)于秦嶺山脈的(de)南(nan)麓,是“秦巴生物(wu)多樣性生態功能區(qu)”具(ju)有極高(gao)的(de)科研和(he)科普價(jia)值。海拔在1600米~2621米之間,整體地勢北高(gao)南(nan)低,溝谷(gu)交(jiao)錯,公(gong)園及周邊(bian)林(lin)草(cao)繁(fan)茂,原始(shi)的(de)云冷杉森林(lin)遮云蔽日,動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)和(he)水資(zi)源豐富。據資(zi)料統計,公(gong)園及周邊(bian)區(qu)域共(gong)有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)85科328屬579種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有國(guo)家Ⅰ級保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);國(guo)家Ⅱ級保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);有野生脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)242種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬23目67科,其中國(guo)家I類保(bao)護(hu)動物(wu)有羚牛、林(lin)麝、金(jin)錢(qian)豹(bao)、金(jin)雕4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);列入國(guo)家Ⅱ類保(bao)護(hu)動物(wu)有紅腹錦雞、血雉、大鯢(ni)等(deng)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
蔥灘(tan)國家濕(shi)地(di)公園內(nei)的沼(zhao)(zhao)澤化草(cao)甸(dian)、灌叢沼(zhao)(zhao)澤和森林沼(zhao)(zhao)澤各(ge)具(ju)特色(se),共同(tong)形成(cheng)了區內(nei)優(you)美(mei)的沼(zhao)(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)景觀。不同(tong)季(ji)節不同(tong)特色(se),夏(xia)季(ji),草(cao)甸(dian)百(bai)花齊放;秋(qiu)季(ji)森林層(ceng)林盡染,色(se)彩豐(feng)富;冬季(ji)針葉林森林沼(zhao)(zhao)澤永葆綠色(se),傲立(li)冬雪。規劃區內(nei)群山連綿(mian),植(zhi)被茂密,小(xiao)獅子(zi)溝(gou)內(nei)溝(gou)岔溪(xi)流眾多(duo)(duo)。小(xiao)獅子(zi)河河水清澈,隨山勢向南潺潺流淌(tang),河流兩側(ce)濕(shi)生植(zhi)物種類多(duo)(duo)樣,生長茂盛。溪(xi)水倒映著兩側(ce)季(ji)相變化的森林群落,景色(se)優(you)美(mei)。南天(tian)門海拔2612米是(shi)公園內(nei)的制高點,向南眺望(wang),山下(xia)風光盡收眼底。