石海洞鄉
全縣石(shi)林七處,占地(di)40平方公里,其中一個鄉(xiang)(xiang)即達(da)14平方公里,被譽為“石(shi)海洞鄉(xiang)(xiang)”。拔地(di)而起的(de)(de)石(shi)林,有的(de)(de)像巨大的(de)(de)蘑菇;有的(de)(de)像熾熱的(de)(de)火炬;有的(de)(de)像攜手游玩的(de)(de)情侶;有的(de)(de)像竊竊私(si)語(yu)的(de)(de)夫妻。組成了(le)一幅(fu)美麗的(de)(de)大自然風景畫。
景點簡介
飛瀑與溶蝕峽谷
地表(biao)石海(hai)在(zai)僰(bo)王(wang)山園區的(de)飛霧(wu)洞景點(dian),上落(luo)(luo)水與下(xia)落(luo)(luo)水飛瀑為(wei)(wei)國內外少見的(de)侵蝕型(xing)漏(lou)斗瀑布,落(luo)(luo)差達百余米。飛霧(wu)洞同時集中了(le)峽(xia)(xia)谷、天(tian)生橋(qiao)、天(tian)窗、重力崩塌堆積、地下(xia)暗河等多種地質遺跡景觀。這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)還分布著規模不等的(de)峽(xia)(xia)谷地貌,這(zhe)(zhe)是因地表(biao)水沿構造裂隙(xi)持續(xu)地作(zuo)用(yong),與新構造運動抬升(sheng)相結合而形成的(de)。以地表(biao)流(liu)水作(zuo)用(yong)為(wei)(wei)主形成的(de)峽(xia)(xia)谷呈(cheng)“V”形,由地下(xia)巖溶(rong)作(zuo)用(yong)以及重力作(zuo)用(yong)形成的(de)峽(xia)(xia)谷為(wei)(wei)“一線天(tian)”形。在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)里(li),峽(xia)(xia)谷、瀑布伴生發育(yu),掩(yan)映于僰(bo)王(wang)茫茫的(de)楠竹林海(hai)之中,氣勢磅礴,令人心曠神(shen)怡。
溶洞
小巖灣園區著名(ming)(ming)的溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)為天(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)天(tian)獅洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。天(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)又名(ming)(ming)袁家洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)規(gui)模(mo)巨大(da),主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)及大(da)小支洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)總長(chang)約4.2km,總容積約270萬m3。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)結構可簡單歸納為多層次樹枝狀洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue),由(you)下而(er)上分為四層,可分別作為旅(lv)游參(can)觀和(he)旅(lv)游探(tan)險之用。天(tian)獅洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)原名(ming)(ming)豬槽井,屬(shu)天(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)群,其(qi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)規(gui)模(mo)僅次于天(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。地下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)延伸并在大(da)漏斗出(chu)露,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)底距地面約250m。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)系統全長(chang)8400m,體(ti)積216萬m3,是(shi)目(mu)前全國(guo)十大(da)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)中最(zui)長(chang)的洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)道之一。該洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)規(gui)模(mo)大(da),空氣好,化(hua)學沉積物分布豐富,全洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有20個(ge)(ge)廳(ting)堂和(he)13個(ge)(ge)天(tian)窗(chuang)。陽光從(cong)天(tian)窗(chuang)射(she)入(ru),使(shi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內水霧繚繞(rao)、撲(pu)朔(shuo)迷離,如晨曦(xi)初現,人(ren)置其(qi)間,仿佛進入(ru)一個(ge)(ge)神奇奧秘的世界。
天坑
在(zai)石(shi)林鎮東側,有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)坑(小巖灣(wan)天(tian)(tian)坑),在(zai)地(di)質上被稱為(wei)漏斗(dou)(dou)。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)龐(pang)然(ran)大(da)物東西(xi)長650m、寬490m,直徑(jing)550m,高208m,呈(cheng)橢圓形,其(qi)(qi)勢如(ru)刀(dao)劈斧砍,四面絕壁(bi)(bi)(bi),底部為(wei)塌(ta)陷(xian)松散堆積(ji)地(di)貌,整體(ti)猶如(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)漏斗(dou)(dou)狀,形態(tai)完整,其(qi)(qi)規模位(wei)居世界巖溶漏斗(dou)(dou)前列。在(zai)漏斗(dou)(dou)錐形絕壁(bi)(bi)(bi)中(zhong)間,有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)環繞(rao)漏斗(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)游覽環線(xian),沿途(tu)有(you)“滴水成(cheng)仙”、“削壁(bi)(bi)(bi)回(hui)音”、“通天(tian)(tian)洞”、“天(tian)(tian)盆寺(si)”、“紅(hong)軍巖”等(deng)風(feng)景點,與(yu)漏斗(dou)(dou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起組成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)副(fu)大(da)自(zi)然(ran)的(de)(de)美麗(li)畫卷。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)天(tian)(tian)坑原是由一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)或幾個(ge)(ge)較大(da)的(de)(de)地(di)下洞穴在(zai)長期(qi)的(de)(de)巖溶和重力作(zuo)(zuo)用下,其(qi)(qi)頂部塌(ta)陷(xian)而暴露于地(di)表,后經長期(qi)地(di)表流水作(zuo)(zuo)用和地(di)表巖溶的(de)(de)綜合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用不斷改(gai)造而成(cheng)。
石海和石林
所謂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai),其實(shi)是由一個個石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)連貫而成。小(xiao)巖灣園區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)最(zui)為(wei)典型,面(mian)積2.2km2,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)表面(mian)平滑,蜿蜒(yan)起(qi)伏(fu),高(gao)1.5m左右,形成茫(mang)茫(mang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)(小(xiao)巖灣石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya))。說到這(zhe)里,不得不說說石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)形成原(yuan)理。當地(di)表水沿地(di)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)裂隙(xi)滲流時,可將地(di)面(mian)裂隙(xi)溶蝕和沖蝕成規模不等的(de)(de)(de)溝槽,稱為(wei)溶溝。在縱橫交錯的(de)(de)(de)溶溝之(zhi)(zhi)間殘存的(de)(de)(de)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)狀石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)脊(ji),便稱為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)。在特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)構(gou)造和雨水條(tiao)件下,有(you)時可形成高(gao)達數十米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)。遠(yuan)觀石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)(ya)(ya),似排排涌浪,波(bo)狀起(qi)伏(fu),如(ru)同凝固的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)濤,故名石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)。遠(yuan)眺(tiao)興文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)地(di)質公(gong)園博(bo)物(wu)館(guan),如(ru)同一艘(sou)巨輪,緩緩航行在茫(mang)茫(mang)的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)濤之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)。
相關信息
興文(wen)縣有大小溶(rong)洞一百多個,尤以(yi)“天泉洞”最壯觀,它以(yi)奇、廣(guang)、深為特(te)點。洞口(kou)大廳(ting),寬60米,高30米,面積遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超過(guo)一個足球場(chang),可容萬(wan)人以(yi)上。洞口(kou)分五(wu)層,是(shi)近兩百萬(wan)年來地(di)克(ke)發生的五(wu)次間(jian)歇(xie)性抬升,從洞口(kou)頂最高處(chu)至最地(di)處(chu)陰河面相差180米,是(shi)洞穴考察和地(di)質研究的好(hao)去處(chu)。洞內景(jing)觀萬(wan)千,妙(miao)不(bu)可言(yan)。
蜀南竹海天泉洞后(hou)洞口是一個巨大的(de)(de)漏(lou)斗,上部份是90度的(de)(de)懸崖(ya)絕壁,如刀削(xue)斧(fu)劈(pi)。長徑650米,短(duan)徑490米,深(shen)208米。是世界(jie)上最大的(de)(de)漏(lou)斗。
世界地質公園(yuan)---四川宜賓(bin)興文。五億年的地質運動孕(yun)育了神(shen)奇的石海(hai):“地球特(te)大天(tian)坑”、“亞(ya)洲最(zui)大石海(hai)”、“中國游覽面積(ji)最(zui)大溶洞(dong)”、“天(tian)下第一石虎”,四絕(jue)薈(hui)萃(cui),神(shen)奇絕(jue)世,被地質學家喻為“興文式”喀斯特(te)地貌王宮
1983年12月,時任中共中央總書記胡耀邦視察興文石海后,欣然揮筆題詞:“天下奇觀”。