概述
福建漳(zhang)(zhang)州(zhou)國家地質公園位于福建省漳(zhang)(zhang)州(zhou)市漳(zhang)(zhang)浦縣前亭鎮、龍海(hai)(hai)(hai)市隆教(jiao)鄉濱海(hai)(hai)(hai)一帶,總(zong)占地面積318.64平方(fang)公里,主要地質遺(yi)跡類型為火(huo)山(shan)地質地貌。襯托在藍天、碧(bi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)、沙灘、綠林之(zhi)中,集觀光旅游、休閑度假(jia)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)娛(yu)樂(le)、尋奇探(tan)險、科(ke)學(xue)研究、科(ke)普教(jiao)育為一體,是一處回(hui)歸(gui)大自然的綜合(he)性(xing)旅游度假(jia)區(qu)。
特點
公園為西太平(ping)洋(yang)(yang)新生代火(huo)山巖(yan)(yan)帶(dai)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要組成(cheng)部分,在地(di)(di)質構(gou)造上屬歐亞板塊東緣裂(lie)陷帶(dai),由2600萬(wan)年(nian)至700萬(wan)年(nian)間火(huo)山噴發的(de)(de)玄武巖(yan)(yan)構(gou)成(cheng)了典型(xing)的(de)(de)火(huo)山地(di)(di)質地(di)(di)貌景(jing)觀。其噴發序次清楚,火(huo)山口(kou)典型(xing)且保存(cun)完(wan)好,有(you)罕見(jian)的(de)(de)無根(gen)噴氣(qi)口(kou)群、氣(qi)孔柱(zhu)群及由140萬(wan)根(gen)巨型(xing)六邊形(xing)玄武巖(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)組成(cheng)的(de)(de)柱(zhu)狀節理群,有(you)各種海蝕地(di)(di)貌和多(duo)處(chu)(chu)優質沙灘,還(huan)有(you)8000年(nian)前的(de)(de)古(gu)森林炭化木層等,是(shi)一處(chu)(chu)極為寶(bao)貴的(de)(de)火(huo)山地(di)(di)質遺(yi)跡,對研究西太平(ping)洋(yang)(yang)火(huo)山巖(yan)(yan)帶(dai)發育歷史上有(you)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)科(ke)學價(jia)值,同(tong)時是(shi)旅游觀光、度假和科(ke)學普及的(de)(de)重(zhong)要基地(di)(di)。
人文景觀
地質(zhi)公園內還有趙家堡、黃道周墓等(deng)著名(ming)人文景觀(guan),加上(shang)濱臨(lin)廈門市(shi),交通(tong)方便,為(wei)地質(zhi)公園建設創造(zao)了(le)優越條件。
趙家堡
趙(zhao)家堡南靠丹灶(zao)山(shan),北(bei)(bei)對朝天馬山(shan),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)北(bei)(bei)面為(wei)官(guan)壙溪(xi),全堡占地(di)(di)173畝(mu),平面基本呈(cheng)方形(xing)(xing),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)以(yi)條石(shi)(shi)砌筑,厚2.5米(mi),高(gao)3至4米(mi),墻(qiang)上(shang)三(san)(san)合土城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垛高(gao)約1.5米(mi),筑四(si)(si)個城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)上(shang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),北(bei)(bei)門(men)(men)(men)(men)筑甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內建(jian)(jian)(jian)武廟和父子大(da)夫(fu)坊(fang),是為(wei)正門(men)(men)(men)(men),門(men)(men)(men)(men)上(shang)嵌匾,分別為(wei):東(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)東(dong)方矩障,西門(men)(men)(men)(men)丹鼎鐘祥,北(bei)(bei)門(men)(men)(men)(men)碩高(gao)居勝, 城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)根據地(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)筑六座(zuo)馬臉以(yi)及(ji)墩臺(tai)、藏兵洞(dong)等(deng),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內東(dong)南側即為(wei)趙(zhao)范(fan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)心有(you)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),稱“完璧樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”,取“完璧歸趙(zhao)”之意,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)三(san)(san)合土夯筑,正方形(xing)(xing)三(san)(san)層四(si)(si)合式(shi),呈(cheng)回字(zi)形(xing)(xing),邊長20米(mi),其中(zhong)三(san)(san)層隔墻(qiang),作大(da)通間,以(yi)供城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)壯丁守衛時住,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)前建(jian)(jian)(jian)對向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二層小樓(lou)(lou)(lou),以(yi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)后墻(qiang)為(wei)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)主體建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑為(wei)趙(zhao)范(fan)府(fu)第,位于(yu)全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正中(zhong)心,坐南朝北(bei)(bei),四(si)(si)座(zuo)同式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑并(bing)列(lie),每座(zuo)由門(men)(men)(men)(men)廳、前廳、兩(liang)廡天井、中(zhong)堂、后樓(lou)(lou)(lou)組成(cheng)(cheng),面寬五(wu)間, 臺(tai)梁木(mu)結構,硬山(shan)頂(ding),并(bing)于(yu)府(fu)第兩(liang)側建(jian)(jian)(jian)三(san)(san)組廂房,府(fu)第前與城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)之間開(kai)蓮花池,池被(bei)一道長堤分成(cheng)(cheng)前后兩(liang)池,于(yu)左側建(jian)(jian)(jian)汴派(pai)橋,橋以(yi)一券頂(ding)拱橋與一平板橋組成(cheng)(cheng), 系仿北(bei)(bei)宋故都開(kai)封的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潘楊二湖和州橋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立意設置(zhi), 池東(dong)側建(jian)(jian)(jian)四(si)(si)座(zuo)同式(shi)五(wu)開(kai)間堂屋及(ji)“輯卿小院”、“讀書處(chu)”、形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)一個居住區(qu);池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西側為(wei)小山(shan),于(yu)山(shan)上(shang)布置(zhi)了(le)佛(fo)廟, 聚佛(fo)寶塔、禹(yu)廟,廟四(si)(si)周(zhou)有(you)意識地(di)(di)保(bao)存一批原始狀態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巖石(shi)(shi),于(yu)巖石(shi)(shi)上(shang)留下(xia)了(le)十(shi)幾(ji)處(chu)石(shi)(shi)刻,而形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)一個大(da)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)園林區(qu)。
黃道周墓
黃(huang)道周(zhou)墓在漳浦縣北山,即離黃(huang)道周(zhou)講學處不遠(yuan)的(de)(de)地方(fang)。黃(huang)道周(zhou)墓坐南朝北,為三合土結構,寬(kuan)10米,長12米,周(zhou)圍(wei)種滿樹木。墓碑題寫:“明賜進士(shi)光祿大夫柱國少(shao)保兼太(tai)子(zi)太(tai)師(shi)、吏、兵二(er)部尚書、武英殿(dian)大學士(shi)前(qian)詹事(shi)府經筵(yan)講官,贈文明佰,謚(shi)忠端(duan)黃(huang)石齋先生暨配誥封正一品夫人謚(shi)考(kao)徽蔡(cai)氏之佳城。”墓側有“四(si)君(jun)(jun)子(zi)墓”,也(ye)座(zuo)南朝北,墓碑寫“殉節門人四(si)君(jun)(jun)子(zi)之墓”。至今,黃(huang)道周(zhou)及四(si)君(jun)(jun)子(zi)墓保存完好(hao),經常有人前(qian)往朝拜瞻仰,回想黃(huang)道周(zhou)的(de)(de)一生光輝業績,是漳浦人也(ye)是中華民族的(de)(de)驕傲。