芒果视频

保護區概況

黑(hei)(hei)龍江新(xin)(xin)青白(bai)頭鶴國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區地處(chu)黑(hei)(hei)龍江省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)部，小(xiao)興安嶺主脈東(dong)(dong)側北(bei)(bei)坡(po)，位(wei)于“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)白(bai)頭鶴之鄉”黑(hei)(hei)龍江省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)伊(yi)春市(shi)豐(feng)林縣（局(ju)）境內。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)部與嘉(jia)蔭縣接(jie)壤，東(dong)(dong)南部與鶴北(bei)(bei)林業(ye)局(ju)毗鄰，西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部是湯(tang)旺河林業(ye)局(ju)施(shi)業(ye)區，西(xi)(xi)南部、南部是新(xin)(xin)青林業(ye)局(ju)施(shi)業(ye)區。地理坐標為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經(jing)129°58′29″--130°23′07″，北(bei)(bei)緯48°19′21″--48°40′20″。距離黑(hei)(hei)龍江省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)會哈爾濱(bin)470公里，交通便利。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區始建于2004年(nian)(nian)，2011年(nian)(nian)晉升(sheng)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區，面積62567公頃，是伊(yi)春市(shi)青少年(nian)(nian)科普教育基地。在2009年(nian)(nian)被評為(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)先(xian)進集(ji)體(ti)，在2010年(nian)(nian)榮獲省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)森林資源監督管(guan)理先(xian)進單位(wei)。

保(bao)護區位(wei)于《全(quan)國(guo)(guo)林業系統自然保(bao)護區體(ti)系規劃研究》所列16個中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)生物多樣性熱點地區之一的吉林長白山地區內(nei)，處于我國(guo)(guo)東北泥(ni)炭沼澤(ze)集中(zhong)分布區，擁有(you)小興安嶺山脈保(bao)存(cun)最完整的多種典型(xing)濕(shi)地組合(he)，被聯(lian)合(he)國(guo)(guo)教科文組織考(kao)察(cha)認定為大面積群落清晰、保(bao)存(cun)完整的典型(xing)泥(ni)碳(tan)沼澤(ze)濕(shi)地。

保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區以保護(hu)(hu)(hu)白頭鶴(he)資(zi)源與其他珍稀(xi)瀕(bin)危(wei)野(ye)生動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源、北溫帶森林(lin)(lin)生態(tai)(tai)系統和(he)濕地(di)生態(tai)(tai)系統及(ji)生物(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)(xing)、黑龍江流域上游的水(shui)源涵養地(di)為保護(hu)(hu)(hu)對(dui)象，是集珍稀(xi)瀕(bin)危(wei)野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)、生物(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)、濕地(di)資(zi)源保護(hu)(hu)(hu)、科學研(yan)究(jiu)、宣傳教(jiao)育、生態(tai)(tai)旅游與森林(lin)(lin)可持續利用等多項(xiang)功能于一體的“野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)類型”自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區。

黑(hei)龍江新(xin)青白頭(tou)(tou)(tou)鶴(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)以“中(zhong)國(guo)白頭(tou)(tou)(tou)鶴(he)(he)之鄉(xiang)”響譽國(guo)內外(wai)，有(you)著豐富的(de)野生動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物資(zi)源。區(qu)(qu)內分布著近90只(zhi)白頭(tou)(tou)(tou)鶴(he)(he)，約占全(quan)球總(zong)量的(de)1%。區(qu)(qu)內共有(you)生物2,354種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)物174科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1,011種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包括地衣12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)80種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，苔蘚(xian)植(zhi)(zhi)物53科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)169種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕨(jue)類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物14科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子植(zhi)(zhi)物93科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)706種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；脊(ji)椎動(dong)物81科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)331種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)魚類(lei)13科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)棲(qi)類(lei)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類(lei)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥(niao)類(lei)46科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)223種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，獸類(lei)15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲101科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)465種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；土(tu)壤動(dong)物42科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)67種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；真(zhen)菌59科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)480種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)內國(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)紅松、浮葉慈菇、紫(zi)椴、野大(da)豆、黃檗(bo)、水曲柳等7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護動(dong)物有(you)紫(zi)貂、原麝、白頭(tou)(tou)(tou)鶴(he)(he)、丹(dan)頂鶴(he)(he)、東方(fang)白鸛(guan)、金雕(diao)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護動(dong)物有(you)駝(tuo)鹿、黑(hei)熊、馬鹿、烏林鸮、蒼鷹、普通鵟、花尾榛雞、白枕鶴(he)(he)等42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，省級(ji)一(yi)般保(bao)(bao)(bao)護動(dong)物174種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

保護區內群巒起伏、林(lin)海蒼(cang)茫，河(he)流交(jiao)錯(cuo)，風光旖旎。春來(lai)山花似火，盛夏河(he)水如藍(lan)，金秋五(wu)彩繽紛，隆冬銀裝素裹，鮮明的(de)四季展示出北國獨(du)具的(de)魅力。區內山青(qing)、水秀(xiu)、石(shi)奇、林(lin)幽，特殊的(de)地(di)(di)理位置(zhi)、地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌和森林(lin)資源形成了獨(du)特的(de)自然景觀，具有豐富的(de)生(sheng)物多樣(yang)性。在物種組(zu)成、區系(xi)特征、群落(luo)結構或生(sheng)態系(xi)統水平(ping)上，均(jun)反映了小興安嶺特色，是小興安嶺地(di)(di)區的(de)典(dian)型代表(biao)。

幾(ji)年來，黑龍(long)江新青白頭鶴(he)(he)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區以建設國(guo)(guo)家級保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區為(wei)目(mu)標，堅持“生態優先、合理利用、持續發(fa)展(zhan)”的(de)原則，積極開(kai)展(zhan)資源保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護、宣傳教育、科學研(yan)究、社區共管等工作，使以白頭鶴(he)(he)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)野生動植物資源和森林、濕(shi)地生態系(xi)統得到了有(you)效保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護。積極開(kai)展(zhan)科學研(yan)究，在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)內首次取得了在(zai)(zai)非繁(fan)(fan)殖地已(yi)經停(ting)止繁(fan)(fan)殖的(de)白頭鶴(he)(he)到繁(fan)(fan)殖地后恢復繁(fan)(fan)殖能力和模(mo)擬野生白頭鶴(he)(he)繁(fan)(fan)殖環境白頭鶴(he)(he)親鳥孵卵育雛(chu)的(de)科研(yan)成果，這項科研(yan)成果在(zai)(zai)2011年北京林業大學召開(kai)的(de)“中國(guo)(guo)首屆自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護論壇”上作為(wei)參會論文進行交(jiao)流(liu)。

目前，保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)成立(li)了(le)管理(li)(li)局—管理(li)(li)站—管理(li)(li)點(dian)三(san)級(ji)管理(li)(li)機構，制(zhi)定和完(wan)善了(le)相應的(de)(de)規(gui)章制(zhi)度(du)及保(bao)護(hu)條(tiao)例，為保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)依法保(bao)護(hu)和管理(li)(li)提供了(le)依據。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)建設(she)和發展(zhan)走上了(le)科學發展(zhan)的(de)(de)軌道。

黑龍江新青白頭鶴自然保護區氣候條件

黑龍江新青(qing)白(bai)頭(tou)鶴自(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)屬寒溫(wen)(wen)帶大陸性季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，區(qu)(qu)內四季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)差(cha)(cha)異大。同時，由于常(chang)年(nian)(nian)受外高加(jia)(jia)索、貝加(jia)(jia)爾湖(hu)冷空氣(qi)(qi)的影響，致使該區(qu)(qu)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)變化(hua)異常(chang)復雜。氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)特點為(wei)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)漫(man)長(chang)，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)干燥而寒冷；夏季(ji)(ji)較(jiao)短(duan)，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)和多(duo)(duo)(duo)雨；春(chun)季(ji)(ji)前期冷，后期暖(nuan)，春(chun)風(feng)大，春(chun)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)（終霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)）晚(wan)；秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)降溫(wen)(wen)迅速，秋(qiu)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)（早霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)）早，常(chang)有凍害發生。據氣(qi)(qi)象資料統(tong)計，保護區(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-0.5℃，年(nian)(nian)溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)(cha)一般在(zai)70℃以上，無霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)期110-125天(tian)。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)≥0.0℃積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)2500.6℃，全(quan)年(nian)(nian)≥5.0℃的積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)2387.7℃，全(quan)年(nian)(nian)≥10.0℃的積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)1993.8℃。該地區(qu)(qu)光照具有明顯的季(ji)(ji)節變化(hua)，冬(dong)(dong)短(duan)夏長(chang)，輻(fu)射強(qiang)度(du)冬(dong)(dong)弱夏強(qiang)。保護區(qu)(qu)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)日照總(zong)(zong)時數平均(jun)為(wei)2268.5小時。保護區(qu)(qu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)為(wei)650.7毫米，年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)集(ji)中在(zai)6、7、8月份，占全(quan)年(nian)(nian)總(zong)(zong)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)的60%。冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)常(chang)出現大雪天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)。保護區(qu)(qu)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)以西(xi)南風(feng)為(wei)最多(duo)(duo)(duo)。風(feng)向的季(ji)(ji)節變化(hua)明顯，春(chun)季(ji)(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)西(xi)南風(feng)，冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)西(xi)北(bei)風(feng)。

豐林縣交通

豐林縣（局）的(de)交通，包括鐵(tie)路(lu)和公路(lu)兩(liang)部分。湯林線鐵(tie)路(lu)由本區(qu)通過(guo)，南(nan)為(wei)紅星、五營，北是湯旺河(he)。隨著林區(qu)經濟的(de)發展，車站(zhan)的(de)機構日(ri)趨健全，設施逐年完備(bei)。

豐林縣公(gong)路(lu)網密(mi)布，包括湯(tang)北(bei)公(gong)路(lu)和新青至結源、北(bei)溝、柳樹河、南溝、水(shui)源、笑(xiao)山林場的公(gong)路(lu)，省道伊春(chun)--嘉蔭國防公(gong)路(lu)由本(ben)區北(bei)部(bu)通(tong)過(guo)。

保護(hu)區距離豐林(lin)縣約(yue)50千米(mi)，通達(da)公路(lu)為林(lin)III級公路(lu)。

新青(qing)林(lin)(lin)區(qu)地處黑龍江省伊(yi)春(chun)市五營國家森林(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)園至湯旺(wang)河國家地質公(gong)(gong)園、嘉蔭茅(mao)蘭溝、龍骨山(shan)黃金(jin)旅游線上(shang)，距(ju)豐(feng)林(lin)(lin)縣(xian)35千(qian)米(mi)，距(ju)湯旺(wang)縣(xian)21千(qian)米(mi)。豐(feng)林(lin)(lin)縣(xian)（局）有湯林(lin)(lin)線鐵(tie)路(lu)從(cong)此通過，公(gong)(gong)路(lu)網密布，包括(kuo)湯北公(gong)(gong)路(lu)和新青(qing)至結源、北溝、柳樹河、南溝、水源、笑山(shan)林(lin)(lin)場的(de)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)，并且伊(yi)春(chun)——嘉蔭國防公(gong)(gong)路(lu)由(you)北部通過，交通條件極(ji)為便利。

目前豐(feng)林縣已(yi)建設(she)有(you)基本的旅游(you)接待設(she)施，保護區旅游(you)設(she)施建設(she)尚(shang)處于起步階段(duan)。

豐林縣正在開發的旅游項目

豐(feng)林(lin)縣(xian)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)源十分豐(feng)富，擁有(you)抗聯(lian)密營遺(yi)址、老佛山(shan)縣(xian)遺(yi)址、老金(jin)溝遺(yi)址、日(ri)偽時期修筑的(de)(de)(de)警備路(lu)(lu)遺(yi)址、大面積的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)地(di)、國(guo)家一(yi)級重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動物白(bai)(bai)頭鶴(he)、并有(you)保(bao)存完好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)三(san)片(pian)2，858公(gong)(gong)頃的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)始紅松(song)母樹(shu)林(lin)等，可開(kai)(kai)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)潛力(li)(li)巨(ju)大。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)，豐(feng)林(lin)縣(xian)本著生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)優(you)先(xian)、整體開(kai)(kai)發(fa)、突出重點(dian)(dian)(dian)、循序漸進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)則，加大了(le)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)源的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)力(li)(li)度，專門(men)聘(pin)請國(guo)內旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)設(she)計(ji)專家，對新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)國(guo)家級濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)和(he)長遠發(fa)展(zhan)進(jin)行了(le)總體規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)，著力(li)(li)打(da)(da)造旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)品牌，已(yi)取得初(chu)步成(cheng)效。先(xian)后(hou)在濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園內建(jian)成(cheng)了(le)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)植物園、觀(guan)(guan)(guan)鳥亭(ting)、觀(guan)(guan)(guan)景(jing)平(ping)臺和(he)1360延(yan)長米的(de)(de)(de)木棧道。2009年(nian)，為保(bao)護濕(shi)地(di)水(shui)源安全和(he)濕(shi)地(di)水(shui)量(liang)，建(jian)成(cheng)了(le)濕(shi)地(di)湖。同時成(cheng)立了(le)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)行社和(he)熱氣球俱樂部，濕(shi)地(di)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)鶴(he)、熱氣球觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)等特(te)色旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)項(xiang)(xiang)目已(yi)全面啟動，填補了(le)林(lin)區空中(zhong)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)的(de)(de)(de)空白(bai)(bai)。目前，新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產業正在全力(li)(li)依托(tuo)國(guo)家級濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園和(he)“中(zhong)國(guo)白(bai)(bai)頭鶴(he)之鄉(xiang)”的(de)(de)(de)稱譽，深入開(kai)(kai)發(fa)森林(lin)避暑、濕(shi)地(di)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)鶴(he)、湖中(zhong)泛舟(zhou)、熱氣球觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)等生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)項(xiang)(xiang)目，突出紅色旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)原(yuan)(yuan)始沙(sha)金(jin)采(cai)掘(jue)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)和(he)鄂倫春少數民(min)族(zu)風(feng)情游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)等新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)特(te)色，打(da)(da)造新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)品牌，提(ti)升(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)檔次和(he)品位(wei)。力(li)(li)爭經過三(san)年(nian)左右的(de)(de)(de)努力(li)(li)，全面建(jian)設(she)好(hao)國(guo)家級新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園、新(xin)鶴(he)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)沿線觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)原(yuan)(yuan)始沙(sha)金(jin)采(cai)掘(jue)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)景(jing)點(dian)(dian)(dian)、抗美河水(shui)上游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樂園等旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)景(jing)點(dian)(dian)(dian)景(jing)區，叫響“中(zhong)國(guo)白(bai)(bai)頭鶴(he)之鄉(xiang)”這個(ge)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)品牌，使新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)成(cheng)為伊春市湯(tang)旺河流(liu)(liu)域的(de)(de)(de)黃金(jin)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)線上又一(yi)個(ge)獨具特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)景(jing)區。并通(tong)過加強“吃、住(zhu)、行、游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、購、娛”六項(xiang)(xiang)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)服務基(ji)礎建(jian)設(she)，提(ti)升(sheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)服務檔次，拉動商貿業、物流(liu)(liu)業和(he)飲服娛樂業大發(fa)展(zhan)、快發(fa)展(zhan)，進(jin)而(er)把新(xin)青(qing)(qing)(qing)建(jian)成(cheng)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)商貿服務中(zhong)心。