芒果视频

歷史沿革

1982年，經(jing)湖南省人民(min)政府(fu)批準(zhun)建立八大公山自然保護區。

1986年，經(jing)國務院批準為中國首批“國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區”。

1990年，經張家(jia)界市人民政府(fu)批(pi)準成立(li)“湖南(nan)八大公山國家(jia)級自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)(li)處(chu)”。下設一室四科(ke)六站(zhan)(zhan)兩所(suo)，即辦公室、財(cai)務科(ke)、資源保護(hu)科(ke)、公安(an)消(xiao)防(fang)科(ke)、社區(qu)(qu)共(gong)管(guan)科(ke)、杉(shan)木界管(guan)理(li)(li)站(zhan)(zhan)、斗(dou)篷山管(guan)理(li)(li)站(zhan)(zhan)、天平(ping)山管(guan)理(li)(li)站(zhan)(zhan)、楠木坪檢查(cha)站(zhan)(zhan)、病蟲害防(fang)治(zhi)檢疫站(zhan)(zhan)、天平(ping)山原始(shi)森林接待站(zhan)(zhan)、科(ke)研所(suo)和派出(chu)所(suo)。

地理環境

位置

八大公(gong)山國家級(ji)自然保護區位(wei)于湖南省桑植(zhi)縣的(de)北部邊陲，地處云貴高原古陸塊東北邊緣的(de)武陵(ling)山脈的(de)北端(duan)，地理坐標為東經109°41'45"-110°09'50"，北緯29°39 '18"—29°49'48"。

土壤

保護(hu)(hu)區露(lu)出地(di)層主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)古生代的寒武紀(ji)、志留紀(ji)、泥(ni)盆紀(ji)和(he)二迭(die)紀(ji)的地(di)層，基巖主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)石灰(hui)巖、板(ban)巖和(he)頁(ye)巖。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)有山(shan)(shan)地(di)黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)、石灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)山(shan)(shan)地(di)沼澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)。其中山(shan)(shan)地(di)黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)成土(tu)(tu)(tu)母(mu)巖主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)板(ban)頁(ye)巖、細砂巖、粉砂巖；石灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)成土(tu)(tu)(tu)母(mu)巖主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)深(shen)灰(hui)色灰(hui)巖、泥(ni)質(zhi)灰(hui)巖、豹皮狀和(he)泥(ni)質(zhi)條帶灰(hui)巖、瘤(liu)狀灰(hui)巖、白云質(zhi)灰(hui)巖等。海拔(ba)(ba)1000米以上為(wei)山(shan)(shan)地(di)黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)，是(shi)(shi)自然保護(hu)(hu)區分布面積廣(guang)泛的土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型(xing)。海拔(ba)(ba)1000米以下為(wei)山(shan)(shan)地(di)黃壤(rang)(rang)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)深(shen)厚、肥沃，但缺磷(lin)，呈(cheng)酸性，pH值5～6之(zhi)間(jian)。

氣候

保護(hu)區屬于亞熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)山地濕潤季風氣候。年平均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為攝(she)氏(shi)(shi)11.5℃；最(zui)冷月(yue)（1月(yue)）平均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)攝(she)氏(shi)(shi)0.1℃, 最(zui)熱月(yue)（7月(yue)）平均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為攝(she)氏(shi)(shi)22.8℃，極端最(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度在攝(she)氏(shi)(shi)-10℃～-15℃。無霜期190天(tian)左右(you)；全(quan)年積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)攝(she)氏(shi)(shi)3621.6℃。其積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、最(zui)冷月(yue)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)極端最(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)等(deng)氣象因子具有北亞熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)向暖溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)過渡(du)的氣候特色。

年(nian)平均降水量(liang)(liang)(liang)為2105.4毫米(mi)，最高達(da)2840.1毫米(mi)，雨日176天，海拔每(mei)升高100米(mi)，平均增(zeng)加水量(liang)(liang)(liang)79.3毫米(mi)。是湖(hu)南三大暴(bao)雨中心(xin)之一，年(nian)蒸發量(liang)(liang)(liang)400毫米(mi)左右，為年(nian)降水量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)20%，按技術(shu)規程計算，全(quan)(quan)年(nian)流出(chu)的(de)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)約4.5億立方米(mi)。全(quan)(quan)年(nian)相對濕度在90%以上(shang)，屬于濕潤地(di)區。全(quan)(quan)年(nian)霧日數達(da)145天，年(nian)輻射量(liang)(liang)(liang)較低。

地形

八大公山(shan)(shan)(shan)西北(bei)有(you)(you)鄂(e)西山(shan)(shan)(shan)地，再(zai)往北(bei)有(you)(you)秦巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)地層迭屏障，西南(nan)為黔東(dong)高(gao)原，東(dong)南(nan)有(you)(you)武(wu)陵(ling)、雪(xue)峰山(shan)(shan)(shan)地相間突起，東(dong)端(duan)則向洞庭湖區逐漸降(jiang)低，處于(yu)一個半輻合狀(zhuang)的(de)群山(shan)(shan)(shan)之間。偏南(nan)濕潤空氣易進入(ru)滯留，凝云致雨的(de)機會較(jiao)多，使區內動植(zhi)物在生境上具有(you)(you)得天(tian)獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)條(tiao)件和優越的(de)地理背景。

面積范圍

八(ba)大(da)公(gong)(gong)山國家(jia)級自然保(bao)護區東西長(chang)45千(qian)米(mi)，南北寬(kuan)16千(qian)米(mi)。東與桑植縣的(de)龍潭坪鎮(zhen)接(jie)壤，南與芭茅(mao)溪鄉、五道(dao)水(shui)鎮(zhen)、八(ba)大(da)公(gong)(gong)山鄉毗鄰，西與湖南省龍山縣相連，北與湖北省宣恩、來鳳、鶴峰毗鄰。總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)2萬公(gong)(gong)頃。

保護對象

八(ba)大(da)(da)公山(shan)國(guo)家(jia)級自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)屬于森林生(sheng)態(tai)類型(xing)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)，是以保(bao)(bao)護(hu)亞(ya)熱帶常綠(lv)落(luo)葉(xie)闊葉(xie)林和野生(sheng)動(dong)物為(wei)主的(de)森林生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統類型(xing)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)  八(ba)大(da)(da)公山(shan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)管轄的(de)重點生(sheng)態(tai)公益林有(you)23468公頃，分天平山(shan)、杉木界、斗篷山(shan)三(san)大(da)(da)林區(qu)，木材蓄積(ji)量為(wei)110萬立方米，森林覆蓋率達93.4%，是亞(ya)熱帶地(di)(di)區(qu)保(bao)(bao)存完整、面積(ji)大(da)(da)的(de)天然常綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林，并(bing)具有(you)獨特的(de)亞(ya)熱帶山(shan)地(di)(di)森林生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統特點。

植物

八(ba)大公山(shan)國家級自然保護區區內植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類(lei)豐富，據(ju)調查(cha)統計，有高等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)216科2408種(zhong)。其中(zhong)，屬(shu)國家Ⅰ級保護野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有珙桐、光葉珙桐、南方紅(hong)豆杉、紅(hong)豆杉、鐘(zhong)萼木、銀(yin)杏等6種(zhong)；屬(shu)國家Ⅱ級保護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)29種(zhong)；瀕危植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)；漸危植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)；稀(xi)有植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)16種(zhong)；模式標本產(chan)(chan)地(di)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)5種(zhong)。上述屬(shu)科植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)，有藥用植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)1000余(yu)種(zhong)，其中(zhong)，有被(bei)譽為“四大藥王(wang)”的烏金(jin)七、金(jin)盤七，還有竹(zhu)節人參、天麻、黃蓮、七葉一枝(zhi)花等一大批(pi)珍貴(gui)藥材。還是桑植(zhi)(zhi)椴、桑植(zhi)(zhi)吊石巨苔、桑植(zhi)(zhi)大節竹(zhu)、修(xiu)葉啼蓋蕨、邊生鱗毛(mao)蕨等5種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)新(xin)種(zhong)的模式標本產(chan)(chan)地(di)。

八大公山(shan)屬于泛(fan)北極(ji)(ji)植(zhi)(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)，中國—日(ri)本(ben)森林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)物亞(ya)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)華中區(qu)(qu)。植(zhi)(zhi)被組(zu)成(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)亞(ya)洲植(zhi)(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)系、北溫(wen)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)植(zhi)(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)系、東(dong)南(nan)亞(ya)植(zhi)(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)系，以(yi)(yi)(yi)及東(dong)亞(ya)——北美(mei)植(zhi)(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)系為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)成(cheng)分(fen)。植(zhi)(zhi)被不僅具有北亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)典型(xing)(xing)特點(dian)，而且(qie)，還明顯(xian)反(fan)映出亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)向(xiang)暖(nuan)(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)過(guo)渡(du)的(de)(de)(de)特征。是東(dong)亞(ya)兩大植(zhi)(zhi)被區(qu)(qu)系重要(yao)交匯區(qu)(qu)域，具有極(ji)(ji)為(wei)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物地(di)(di)理(li)學(xue)研究價值(zhi)。分(fen)布(bu)(bu)有中國種子植(zhi)(zhi)物屬15個(ge)地(di)(di)理(li)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)類型(xing)(xing)中的(de)(de)(de)14個(ge)，含5個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被型(xing)(xing)組(zu)、9個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被型(xing)(xing)、13個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被亞(ya)型(xing)(xing)、19個(ge)群(qun)系組(zu)，26個(ge)群(qun)系、36個(ge)群(qun)叢 。由于地(di)(di)形復雜 ，山(shan)勢高差大，生態環(huan)境在空(kong)間形成(cheng)多個(ge)梯度，植(zhi)(zhi)被具有明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物分(fen)布(bu)(bu)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)。通過(guo)30塊標準(zhun)地(di)(di)27325平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)樣地(di)(di)調(diao)(diao)查結(jie)果表明：基帶(dai)(dai)(dai)典型(xing)(xing)植(zhi)(zhi)被屬于中亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)山(shan)地(di)(di)常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)；海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1000米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上則為(wei)常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)、落葉(xie)(xie)闊葉(xie)(xie)混交林(lin)(lin)；山(shan)脊部為(wei)山(shan)頂矮(ai)林(lin)(lin)、喬(qiao)木(mu)樹種普遍矮(ai)化。據樣地(di)(di)調(diao)(diao)查，其主(zhu)要(yao)類型(xing)(xing)有：以(yi)(yi)(yi)鐵杉屬為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)針闊葉(xie)(xie)混交林(lin)(lin)（海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1500米(mi)(mi)左右(you)）；以(yi)(yi)(yi)原(yuan)生型(xing)(xing)杉木(mu)林(lin)(lin)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)暖(nuan)(nuan)性針葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)（海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1220米(mi)(mi)）；以(yi)(yi)(yi)亮(liang)葉(xie)(xie)水青岡(gang)林(lin)(lin)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)落葉(xie)(xie)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)（海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1400-1890米(mi)(mi)）；常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)、落葉(xie)(xie)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1000-1400米(mi)(mi)左右(you))如：地(di)(di)錦槭(qi)（多脈青岡(gang)是這個(ge)地(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)頂極(ji)(ji)群(qun)落的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)群(qun)種）；常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)（1000米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下）。

動物

八大公(gong)山國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區有(you)陸地脊椎動物(wu)21目(mu)64科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)237種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中獸類(lei)8目(mu)20科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥類(lei)9目(mu)27科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)135種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（留鳥97種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、夏候(hou)鳥20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、冬候(hou)鳥18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、爬(pa)行類(lei)2目(mu)10科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（毒蛇3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、兩棲類(lei)2目(mu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)昆蟲22目(mu)177科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)4175種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（其中新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)34個、天敵昆蟲12目(mu)58科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)411種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。

區內有(you)(you)(you)國家重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)珍貴瀕危動物(wu)(wu)15目28科86種(zhong)，屬國家一級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)有(you)(you)(you)金(jin)錢(qian)豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、林麝、白(bai)冠(guan)長尾(wei)雉、金(jin)雕(diao)等(deng)5種(zhong)，二級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)有(you)(you)(you)獼猴(hou)、毛冠(guan)鹿、蘇門(men)羚、水鹿、大鯢、紅腹(fu)角雉等(deng)51種(zhong)，省(sheng)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)20種(zhong)、八大公山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區特有(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)12種(zhong)。1991年聯合國野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)基金(jin)會專(zhuan)家從糞便(bian)、足跡上判斷，認定保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區內有(you)(you)(you)華(hua)南(nan)虎。

管理措施

1990年，自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區管理處成立(li)后，不僅物(wu)種種群穩定(ding)，自(zi)然演替和更新狀態良好，且生物(wu)多(duo)樣性程度(du)明顯(xian)提高。這(zhe)充分說明了建立(li)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區并開展保(bao)(bao)(bao)護管理之后，實現了由“荒山到植(zhi)被恢復(fu)”和“不穩定(ding)生境類型(xing)”向“穩定(ding)性生境類型(xing)”轉(zhuan)變的(de)過程，從而提高了生物(wu)物(wu)種生境質量(liang)，維持了整個森(sen)林生態系統的(de)良性循環(huan)。

基礎設施

管理處成(cheng)立以來(lai)，先后實施了八大(da)公山自(zi)然保(bao)護區一、二期基本建設工程(cheng)。共完成(cheng)固定資產投資1046萬元，修(xiu)建3個管理站，1棟(dong)辦公樓和(he)1棟(dong)接(jie)待站，房屋建筑面積(ji)達6700㎡；架設輸(shu)電線(xian)路(lu)60公里(li)；修(xiu)筑林區公路(lu)50公里(li)；購置車輛(liang)、對講機(ji)、滅火(huo)器具等巡護和(he)防火(huo)設備；修(xiu)建防火(huo)線(xian)路(lu)80公里(li)，護林便(bian)道85公里(li)；改造(zao)低壓(ya)線(xian)路(lu)56公里(li)；修(xiu)建防火(huo)了望(wang)臺4座；埋設保(bao)護區界樁(zhuang)、界牌187個。

基礎科研

八大公山(shan)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區管理處成立以來(lai)，物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名(ming)錄(lu)所記(ji)載(zai)的物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)比1981年調查時增(zeng)(zeng)加了2320種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)593種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)166種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，昆蟲668種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕨類植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)507種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、真(zhen)菌(jun)386種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名(ming)錄(lu)更(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)方面，植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)加湖(hu)南新(xin)(xin)(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)59種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲發現新(xin)(xin)(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)62種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，發現新(xin)(xin)(xin)屬1，新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)中國(guo)(guo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，真(zhen)菌(jun)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)湖(hu)南省新(xin)(xin)(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。已基(ji)本弄清(qing)了八大公山(shan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共有(you)153種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)99種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)一級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)別為5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

項目建設

實(shi)施(shi)林(lin)業(ye)持(chi)續發展(zhan)、公(gong)益(yi)林(lin)保護(hu)、標本制作等(deng)項目。林(lin)業(ye)持(chi)續項目不(bu)僅(jin)為自然保護(hu)區(qu)提(ti)供了(le)大量資金(jin)支(zhi)援，還在(zai)培養專業(ye)人才、提(ti)高(gao)保護(hu)區(qu)保護(hu)管(guan)理能力和改善社區(qu)關系(xi)方面產生了(le)積極影響，對加(jia)速保護(hu)區(qu)的(de)建(jian)設(she)進(jin)程(cheng)有(you)著十分重要的(de)現(xian)實(shi)和歷史意義。公(gong)益(yi)林(lin)保護(hu)項目實(shi)施(shi)后(hou)，林(lin)區(qu)林(lin)農收入得到增加(jia)，森林(lin)得到有(you)效(xiao)保護(hu)，生態環境明顯(xian)改善。標本制作項目的(de)實(shi)施(shi)，進(jin)一步提(ti)高(gao)我區(qu)標本制作水平和科研能力，為我區(qu)今后(hou)科研監測工作奠定了(le)堅實(shi)的(de)基礎(chu)。

宣傳教育

建(jian)(jian)區(qu)之初(chu)，保(bao)護區(qu)邊(bian)界(jie)糾紛不斷，亂采濫挖，亂捕濫獵，亂砍濫伐現象十分嚴重(zhong)。管(guan)理處借助(zhu)林業持續發展(zhan)，大力開展(zhan)社(she)區(qu)項(xiang)目活動，使周邊(bian)社(she)區(qu)的(de)(de)居(ju)民在(zai)獲(huo)取一定利益(yi)的(de)(de)同時，接受到(dao)了(le)生物(wu)多(duo)樣性保(bao)護知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)教育。通過(guo)廣泛宣傳，還得到(dao)了(le)縣(xian)委縣(xian)政(zheng)府(fu)對保(bao)護區(qu)建(jian)(jian)設工作(zuo)的(de)(de)極大支持和重(zhong)視。2007年，建(jian)(jian)立了(le)保(bao)護區(qu)網(wang)站，為擴大知(zhi)名(ming)度，宣傳保(bao)護區(qu)發揮了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)作(zuo)用。

開發利用

地貌景觀

八大(da)峰(feng)(feng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)聳，層巒疊嶂，幽谷(gu)深(shen)澈，海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)千米(mi)以上的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)峰(feng)(feng)多達351座，最高(gao)(gao)(gao)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1890.4米(mi)，最低海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)395米(mi)，相對高(gao)(gao)(gao)差(cha)之大(da)，足見山(shan)體之雄偉(wei)。從山(shan)腳向上眺望(wang)，一座座山(shan)峰(feng)(feng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)聳云端，參差(cha)迭(die)宕，如(ru)黛似煙。漫步(bu)林中，鬼斧神(shen)鑿的(de)(de)“一線天”和“獅子(zi)巖”、造(zao)型逼真的(de)(de)“棋(qi)盤巖”等叫(jiao)人凝神(shen)駐足，流連忘返(fan)。區內群山(shan)起伏，奇峰(feng)(feng)突起，40多條山(shan)脈縱橫交錯，599座山(shan)峰(feng)(feng)星羅棋(qi)布，山(shan)體切割強烈，神(shen)奇的(de)(de)造(zao)山(shan)運動使有(you)的(de)(de)山(shan)頭尖如(ru)利刃(ren)，有(you)的(de)(de)彎(wan)如(ru)牛角，有(you)的(de)(de)直(zhi)如(ru)筆桿，有(you)的(de)(de)形如(ru)牛鞭。還(huan)有(you)地下溶洞的(de)(de)巖景雄偉(wei)壯觀，擬人擬物，形態逼真，天工(gong)(gong)巧奪，鬼斧神(shen)工(gong)(gong)令(ling)人稱奇。

水文景觀

八(ba)大(da)(da)公(gong)山(shan)自然保護區(qu)(qu)是澧水(shui)、婁水(shui)和以及湖北清(qing)江水(shui)系的發源(yuan)地，區(qu)(qu)內(nei)溪(xi)溝(gou)縱橫，有大(da)(da)小溪(xi)溝(gou)352條，多(duo)(duo)樣的地形地貌使區(qu)(qu)內(nei)水(shui)域景觀豐富多(duo)(duo)姿。瀑(pu)布是八(ba)大(da)(da)公(gong)山(shan)一(yi)道亮麗的風景線，情人瀑(pu)、彩(cai)虹瀑(pu)、烏(wu)龍瀑(pu)等521個(ge)瀑(pu)布點(dian)綴在萬綠(lv)叢中，使八(ba)大(da)(da)公(gong)山(shan)迷人的景色(se)更是增輝添(tian)彩(cai)。

八(ba)大公山保護(hu)區人文(wen)旅游資(zi)源(yuan)，主要分(fen)布在土家族(zu)(zu)、白族(zu)(zu)、苗族(zu)(zu)、回族(zu)(zu)、壯族(zu)(zu)等少數民(min)族(zu)(zu)聚居區內。此區域內的各(ge)民(min)族(zu)(zu)原住民(min)和(he)睦相處，耕耘(yun)勞作，在長期的生息繁衍中形成了各(ge)自獨具特色的生活方式和(he)民(min)族(zu)(zu)風情，至今還保留了一部分(fen)傳統文(wen)化(hua)和(he)民(min)族(zu)(zu)風情，如哭嫁、跳(tiao)喪舞(wu)(wu)、擺手(shou)舞(wu)(wu)、對山歌、三棒鼓(gu)、月辦節(jie)、打溜子(zi)、九(jiu)節(jie)鞭，還有(you)以吊腳樓(lou)為典型代(dai)表(biao)的民(min)族(zu)(zu)建(jian)筑，這些足以構成一部嶄新的民(min)族(zu)(zu)風情寶典。大革命時期，這里曾是老一輩無產階(jie)級革命家賀(he)龍、肖克、王(wang)震(zhen)、廖漢生、賀(he)錦齋等革命先輩浴血奮(fen)戰(zhan)的地(di)方。賀(he)龍元(yuan)帥兩把菜刀(dao)鬧革命，毛埡城堡，江西坎剿匪等紀念地(di)舊址尚存。

地位價值

八大(da)(da)(da)公(gong)山保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)外專(zhuan)家學(xue)者譽為“天然博物(wu)(wu)(wu)館”和“物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)基因(yin)庫(ku)”，是目前亞熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)地(di)(di)區(qu)保(bao)存完整、面積大(da)(da)(da)常綠落葉闊(kuo)葉混(hun)交林(lin)原生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)林(lin)區(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一。區(qu)內(nei)有(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家保(bao)護(hu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)153種(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家一、二級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)珙桐、鐘萼木等(deng)23種(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)特有(you)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)30科(ke)，朱蘭(lan)、石蔸蘭(lan)等(deng)45種(zhong)(zhong)被(bei)(bei)(bei)列入《瀕(bin)危(wei)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)貿易(yi)公(gong)約(yue)》，是桑植(zhi)椴、桑植(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)節竹等(deng)7種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)模式標本產地(di)(di)；有(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家一、二級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)云(yun)豹、黑熊等(deng)40余種(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)尾突角蟾(chan)(chan)、桑植(zhi)角蟾(chan)(chan)、桑植(zhi)蛙、華西(xi)雨(yu)蛙武陵(ling)亞種(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)12種(zhong)(zhong)。八大(da)(da)(da)公(gong)山保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)1993年(nian)被(bei)(bei)(bei)納入“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)圈網(wang)絡(luo)”；被(bei)(bei)(bei)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)保(bao)護(hu)行動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)》列為中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)優(you)先保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)名錄；由(you)聯合(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)境規劃(hua)(hua)署資助完成(cheng)的(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)情研究報(bao)告》將其(qi)列為我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)具有(you)全球(qiu)意(yi)義的(de)17個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)關(guan)(guan)鍵地(di)(di)區(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一；被(bei)(bei)(bei)世界自然基金(jin)會列為全球(qiu)200個(ge)重要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)地(di)(di)區(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一；在《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)現狀及其(qi)保(bao)護(hu)對策》中(zhong)(zhong)列為“具有(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)意(yi)義的(de)陸地(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)關(guan)(guan)鍵地(di)(di)區(qu)”；是國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級(ji)科(ke)技(ji)攻關(guan)(guan)課題“我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)亞熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)保(bao)護(hu)技(ji)術研究”基地(di)(di)；還是芬蘭(lan)赫爾(er)辛基大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)的(de)教學(xue)實習基地(di)(di)和全球(qiu)環(huan)境基金(jin)贈款(kuan)實施的(de)“林(lin)業持續發展項目”區(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一。

1986年經國務院批準為(wei)我國首批“國家(jia)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區”，也是湖南(nan)省第(di)一個、張家(jia)界市(shi)一個國家(jia)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區。保(bao)護區的建立，對研究亞(ya)熱(re)帶森林發生發展規律(lv)和保(bao)護珍稀瀕危動(dong)植物(wu)具重要的科學(xue)價值(zhi)。