芒果视频

歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然保護區。

2004年江西省人民政(zheng)府(fu)將其批準為省級(ji)自然保護(hu)區。

2012年(nian)1月21日國務(wu)院(yuan)批準(zhun)將齊云山自然保護(hu)區晉升為國家級自然保護(hu)區。

地理環境

水文

齊云山自然保護區溪(xi)河縱(zong)橫，河流(liu)(liu)密布，2km以上(shang)的(de)河（溪(xi)）流(liu)(liu)有13條，累(lei)計長度70.4km。各河流(liu)(liu)名稱及長度分別為：新地河12.5km，桶(tong)江(jiang)河8.5km，十八(ba)壘河7km，冬(dong)瓜坪河6km，均(jun)源河5.2km，橫河、楊柳洞河、諸廣(guang)山河各5km，大水坑河4. 5 km，雪竹窩(wo)河4.2km，茶坑河3km，石盤山河2.5km，正井河2km，上(shang)述河流(liu)(liu)均(jun)匯(hui)入(ru)上(shang)猶(you)江(jiang)后入(ru)章江(jiang)、贛(gan)江(jiang)。這(zhe)些(xie)河流(liu)(liu)的(de)年總(zong)徑流(liu)(liu)量(liang)約4.3億m3，平均(jun)流(liu)(liu)速2.11m/秒，平均(jun)水面寬(kuan)8.03m，平均(jun)水深1.0m。由于區內人類(lei)干擾(rao)較少，水質均(jun)為Ⅰ類(lei)。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山地(di)貌(mao)；地(di)貌(mao)成因(yin)類型(xing)以花(hua)崗巖山岳地(di)貌(mao)為(wei)主，主體(ti)屬于構造切割侵蝕+流水浸蝕+風化剝蝕地(di)貌(mao)，少量堆積地(di)貌(mao)。

齊(qi)云山(shan)自然(ran)保護區地(di)處(chu)華夏板塊、南(nan)嶺(ling)緯向構(gou)造帶與羅(luo)霄經向構(gou)造帶的結合地(di)段，區域構(gou)造型(xing)式(shi)呈“⊥”型(xing)特點。區內地(di)層出露有(you)(you)新元古代(dai)震旦系至(zhi)早古生代(dai)寒武(wu)系、奧陶系海相沉積變(bian)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)系（淺變(bian)質(zhi)）和晚(wan)古生代(dai)的泥盆系，少(shao)量第四(si)紀松散(san)堆積物沿沖(chong)溝水(shui)系或底洼（凹）地(di)零(ling)星分布。齊(qi)云山(shan)自然(ran)保護區內巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)以中生代(dai)燕(yan)山(shan)期(qi)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)主，次為(wei)早古生代(dai)末的加里東期(qi)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石類(lei)型(xing)多(duo)樣，有(you)(you)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)閃長(chang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、二長(chang)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、鉀長(chang)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)等；還有(you)(you)比較發育的脈巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，如偉晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、細晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、輝(hui)綠巖(yan)(yan)(yan)等。廣泛出露、復(fu)(fu)雜多(duo)樣的內部巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，組成了羅(luo)霄山(shan)脈中段諸廣山(shan)復(fu)(fu)式(shi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)基的一部分，該巖(yan)(yan)(yan)基分別有(you)(you)加里東期(qi)的中酸(suan)性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石，燕(yan)山(shan)中晚(wan)期(qi)的酸(suan)性(xing)、酸(suan)堿性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，堿長(chang)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。區內巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿活動劃分為(wei)加里東和燕(yan)山(shan)兩個(ge)旋迥(jiong)。

區(qu)(qu)內重要古生物(wu)化石有寒武紀的(de)海綿骨針、三葉(xie)蟲(chong)、腕足動物(wu)化石，奧(ao)陶(tao)(tao)紀的(de)筆石動物(wu)化石，泥盆(pen)紀的(de)腕足、時(shi)代老的(de)魚類(lei)及植物(wu)化石等(deng)。崇義地區(qu)(qu)奧(ao)陶(tao)(tao)紀筆石動物(wu)群十(shi)分豐富，筆石序(xu)列完(wan)整(zheng)，與大洋洲(zhou)和北美洲(zhou)同期筆石動物(wu)群關系密切，而與歐洲(zhou)同期筆石動物(wu)群迥異，屬(shu)于典型的(de)太平洋筆石動物(wu)群。

氣象

齊云山自然保護區屬中亞(ya)熱帶山地濕潤季(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)，四季(ji)分明(ming)(ming)、冬長夏短、春遲秋早，春夏冬3季(ji)濕潤，秋季(ji)干燥，光(guang)照適宜。山地立體(ti)氣候(hou)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)，從山麓(lu)至山頂相當于橫跨亞(ya)熱帶和溫帶兩個(ge)氣候(hou)帶，加之(zhi)獨特的(de)地形地貌(mao)及保存完好的(de)森(sen)林植被，使得保護區在溫度、降(jiang)水和光(guang)照等(deng)氣象要(yao)素隨海拔的(de)升高呈現(xian)出明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)的(de)垂直(zhi)變化規律(lv)。

齊云山(shan)自然保護(hu)區年(nian)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為9.5～17.8℃，隨海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)高度的增加而降低。一年(nian)中各月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)高，1月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)低；海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)500m以上山(shan)區，7～8月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)低于(yu)(yu)25℃，相當于(yu)(yu)山(shan)麓(lu)崇義縣城5月(yue)(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)(yue)的平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)；以平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)≥22℃為夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)的標(biao)準(zhun)，則(ze)自然保護(hu)區海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1000m以上無(wu)夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)，海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)800m—1000m地區有夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)但無(wu)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。

齊云山自(zi)然保護區無(wu)霜(shuang)期根據(ju)海拔高度的不同變幅比較大，海拔300m以下，平均為268天(tian)；海拔2000m以上，平均為183天(tian)，山頂(ding)和山麓相差近80余天(tian)。

齊云山(shan)自然保(bao)護(hu)區年(nian)平(ping)均降雨(yu)量1568.7mm。全年(nian)最(zui)大(da)降雨(yu)量以海拔(ba)415m的關田為最(zui)大(da)，海拔(ba)610m的雞(ji)公壩年(nian)降雨(yu)量最(zui)少。

區域范圍

江西齊(qi)(qi)云(yun)(yun)山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保護(hu)區位(wei)于江西省(sheng)西南(nan)邊陲(chui)崇義(yi)縣西北(bei)部，地處湘贛兩省(sheng)界山(shan)(shan)——羅霄(xiao)山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)的南(nan)端(duan)，南(nan)嶺山(shan)(shan)地北(bei)坡(po)，屬中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶東部濕潤(run)型季(ji)風氣候區。齊(qi)(qi)云(yun)(yun)山(shan)(shan)是羅霄(xiao)山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)南(nan)端(duan)諸廣山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)主峰，海拔2061.3米，為贛南(nan)第一高峰。齊(qi)(qi)云(yun)(yun)山(shan)(shan)保護(hu)區地理坐標為：東經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北(bei)緯(wei)25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總(zong)面積17105公頃(qing)。

保護目標

該保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區現已記錄(lu)高(gao)等(deng)植(zhi)物(wu)270科1031屬2843種(zhong)，占(zhan)全省(sheng)高(gao)等(deng)植(zhi)物(wu)總(zong)(zong)數的(de)55.9%；脊(ji)椎動(dong)物(wu)34目101科394種(zhong)，占(zhan)全省(sheng)脊(ji)椎動(dong)物(wu)總(zong)(zong)數的(de)46.6%，其中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生植(zhi)物(wu)17種(zhong)、國(guo)家重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)50種(zhong)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區還(huan)保(bao)(bao)存有(you)長(chang)(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉、大果(guo)馬蹄荷、五列目、天目紫莖、伯樂樹等(deng)眾多特色植(zhi)物(wu)群落，其中(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉總(zong)(zong)面積608.5公頃(qing)、總(zong)(zong)數量超過27萬株(zhu)，極為罕見。此(ci)(ci)外，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區還(huan)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)候鳥中(zhong)(zhong)部遷徙(xi)的(de)重(zhong)要驛(yi)站之一，每(mei)年數十萬候鳥南遷北(bei)返(fan)途(tu)經(jing)此(ci)(ci)地。

自然資源

植物資源

齊云(yun)山自然(ran)保護區高等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)2843種(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于270科1031屬(shu)(shu)，其中種(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)178科847屬(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)9科17屬(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)169科830屬(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)）；蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)40科85屬(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)；苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)52科99屬(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)。在種(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中，人工栽培52科97屬(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)，天(tian)然(ran)分布168科784屬(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)7科7屬(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)161科777屬(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)）。鑒定(ding)出大型真菌40科87屬(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)（第Ⅰ批，1999年）有(you)(you)(you)(you)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)(ji)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類隸(li)(li)屬(shu)于17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蕨(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸(luo)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬(shu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)紅皮書(shu)》（第一(yi)(yi)批）的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類有(you)(you)(you)(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)瀕危(wei)(wei)(wei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸危(wei)(wei)(wei)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有(you)(you)(you)(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《瀕危(wei)(wei)(wei)野生(sheng)動植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿(mao)易(yi)公約（CITES）附(fu)錄》（2007）的(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《IUCN物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄（2007）》的(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)瀕危(wei)(wei)(wei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低(di)危(wei)(wei)(wei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄》（2007）的(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)瀕危(wei)(wei)(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近(jin)危(wei)(wei)(wei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江(jiang)西省級(ji)(ji)重點保護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)（2005年）有(you)(you)(you)(you)140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)保護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)(li)屬(shu)于紫金(jin)牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多，達51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二級(ji)(ji)保護23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)(li)屬(shu)于松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以杜英科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千屈菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較多，其(qi)(qi)余(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均只含1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三(san)級(ji)(ji)保護65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)(li)屬(shu)于觀音坐蓮科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三(san)尖杉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以樟(zhang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶形花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金(jin)縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等(deng)6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這些科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所(suo)含種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類超過所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)三(san)級(ji)(ji)保護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類的(de)一(yi)(yi)半(ban)。

按(an)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植被(bei)(bei)(bei)分(fen)類系(xi)統及分(fen)類原(yuan)則（中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植被(bei)(bei)(bei)編輯委(wei)員會(hui),1980），齊云山自然(ran)保護區(qu)的植被(bei)(bei)(bei)類型歸納為4個植被(bei)(bei)(bei)型組（vegetation type group），11個植被(bei)(bei)(bei)型（vegetation type），70個群系(xi)（formation）。按(an)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植被(bei)(bei)(bei)區(qu)劃（江(jiang)西森林(lin)(lin)編委(wei)會(hui),1986），齊云山自然(ran)保護區(qu)所處的位(wei)置是：Ⅳ 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)區(qu)域，ⅣA東部(bu)（濕潤(run)）常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)域→ⅣAii中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)→ ⅣAiib中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)南部(bu)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)地(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)→I-ⅣAiib-2南嶺(ling)山地(di)(di)丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)栲、楠(nan)、阿丁楓(feng)（蕈樹(shu)）林(lin)(lin)、松(song)杉林(lin)(lin)區(qu) →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃江(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)游、貢水上游丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)栲、楠(nan)、松(song)杉林(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)（桃江(jiang)、貢水丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)森林(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)）。

齊(qi)云山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)植(zhi)被水(shui)平分(fen)(fen)布和(he)垂(chui)直分(fen)(fen)布各有特(te)征(zheng)。①在(zai)(zai)水(shui)平分(fen)(fen)布上,地帶(dai)性植(zhi)被中亞熱帶(dai)東部濕潤性常綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)分(fen)(fen)布廣(guang)、面(mian)積大，主要分(fen)(fen)布于保護區(qu)(qu)楊柳洞、桶江、橫河、冬瓜坪和(he)上、下十八壘，針葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)則主要分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)(zai)陡峭的(de)山(shan)(shan)脊、梁頂(ding)，林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)下灌(guan)木和(he)草本(ben)層植(zhi)物的(de)分(fen)(fen)布也表(biao)現出水(shui)平方向上的(de)差異。②垂(chui)直分(fen)(fen)布規律不甚明顯，但仍可劃(hua)成幾個垂(chui)直帶(dai)，依次是(shi)毛竹林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（400－1100m）——常綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（400-1200m）——常綠-落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（1000－1500m）——針闊混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（1300－1600m）——山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)矮林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（1600－1800m）——山(shan)(shan)地草甸（1800m以上）。齊(qi)云山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率97.6%，其中核心區(qu)(qu)97.8%，緩沖區(qu)(qu)98.1%，實驗區(qu)(qu)96.7%。

動物資源

齊云山(shan)自然保護區動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)源豐富，有(you)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)34目(mu)(mu)101科(ke)(ke)(ke)394種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)哺(bu)乳類8目(mu)(mu)20科(ke)(ke)(ke)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類17目(mu)(mu)54科(ke)(ke)(ke)257種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類3目(mu)(mu)11科(ke)(ke)(ke)48種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲(qi)類2目(mu)(mu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，魚類4目(mu)(mu)9科(ke)(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)國家Ⅰ級(ji)重點保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家Ⅱ級(ji)重點保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)46種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，珍(zhen)稀瀕危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)57種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。已(yi)記錄陸生貝(bei)類37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)10科(ke)(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)(shu)；蜘(zhi)蛛28科(ke)(ke)(ke)73屬(shu)(shu)171種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲18目(mu)(mu)162科(ke)(ke)(ke)824屬(shu)(shu)1168種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

管理措施

針對森林(lin)(lin)這一生態環境的主題進行保(bao)護，堅(jian)持生態優先，生態建設與生態保(bao)護并(bing)重(zhong)，遵循自然規律(lv)；同時，加大林(lin)(lin)相(xiang)改(gai)造(zao)科(ke)研投入，有計劃有步驟(zou)地(di)改(gai)造(zao)人工純林(lin)(lin)，增加闊葉林(lin)(lin)和混交林(lin)(lin)的比(bi)重(zhong)，改(gai)造(zao)林(lin)(lin)相(xiang)，恢復和提高林(lin)(lin)分質量(liang)。

開展野生(sheng)生(sheng)物資(zi)源的本底調(diao)查并制定保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規(gui)劃(hua)，切實保(bao)(bao)護(hu)其物種(zhong)的多樣性、遺傳(chuan)多樣性以及(ji)生(sheng)態系(xi)統多樣性。采(cai)取就(jiu)地保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、遷地保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和離體保(bao)(bao)存(cun)相結合(he)的方式保(bao)(bao)護(hu)珍(zhen)稀(xi)、瀕危物種(zhong)，防止物種(zhong)滅絕。盡可能地降低(di)旅(lv)游開發經營給野生(sheng)生(sheng)物造成的生(sheng)存(cun)威(wei)脅。

生態價值

齊云山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)地(di)處南亞(ya)熱帶和(he)中亞(ya)熱帶過(guo)渡區(qu)域(yu)，區(qu)內(nei)既有(you)大(da)量(liang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)較(jiao)為完好的(de)(de)南亞(ya)熱帶植被類(lei)型，又是(shi)中國(guo)中亞(ya)熱帶東(dong)部森(sen)林植被類(lei)型保(bao)(bao)存(cun)比較(jiao)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)，常綠(lv)闊葉林生長尤為繁茂，是(shi)野生動(dong)植物理想的(de)(de)棲息繁衍場(chang)所和(he)中國(guo)中部夏候鳥遷徙的(de)(de)重要通道之一，更(geng)是(shi)瀕危動(dong)植物和(he)許多孑(jie)遺植物的(de)(de)避難所。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內(nei)生態系(xi)統(tong)組成(cheng)成(cheng)份(fen)復雜，類(lei)型豐富，物種相對豐度較(jiao)高，珍稀和(he)地(di)域(yu)性(xing)植物群(qun)落多，保(bao)(bao)存(cun)有(you)重要的(de)(de)長苞(bao)鐵杉、福建柏、五(wu)列木(mu)、天目紫莖、舟(zhou)柄茶、伯(bo)樂樹、蘭科植物等原(yuan)生群(qun)落，以及分布廣、面積(ji)大(da)的(de)(de)大(da)果馬蹄荷、南嶺(ling)紫荊(jing)、秀(xiu)柱花(hua)等南嶺(ling)山地(di)特(te)有(you)植物群(qun)落。

因此，齊云山保護區(qu)(qu)既保留有南亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)部分(fen)森(sen)林(lin)生態系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)特征，同時又具有十分(fen)典(dian)型的(de)(de)中亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)森(sen)林(lin)生態系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)完整性，是兩個(ge)區(qu)(qu)域生態系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)交匯和(he)(he)過渡帶(dai)。同時，保護區(qu)(qu)還是中國中部候鳥南北遷(qian)徙的(de)(de)重要通道之一(yi)。因此，齊云山保護區(qu)(qu)對研究物種起源和(he)(he)進化、遺傳規律、動植物分(fen)類、生物地理學具有很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)保護價(jia)值和(he)(he)科研價(jia)值，也是開展(zhan)科普宣傳和(he)(he)教學實習的(de)(de)良好場所。