芒果视频

歷史沿革

2003年2月19日，經內(nei)蒙古大興安嶺林業管理(li)局批準(zhun)，建立畢拉河(he)盟市(shi)級自然保護區。

2004年7月21日(ri)，畢(bi)拉河自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區被國家林業局(ju)批準(zhun)為省部級的(de)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區。

2012年3月(yue)5日，被確定為自治區級自然保護區。

2014年12月5日，經國(guo)務院(yuan)辦公廳批準(zhun)，晉(jin)升為國(guo)家級自(zi)然(ran)保護區。

地理環境

位置

內(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)畢拉河(he)國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區位于(yu)(yu)內(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)大興(xing)安嶺畢拉河(he)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業局達爾濱湖林(lin)(lin)(lin)場和扎文河(he)林(lin)(lin)(lin)場境內(nei)，行政區域(yu)隸屬于(yu)(yu)內(nei)蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)自治(zhi)區呼倫(lun)貝爾市鄂倫(lun)春自治(zhi)旗(qi)諾敏(min)鎮，屬于(yu)(yu)大興(xing)安嶺北段(duan)東麓的(de)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)、灌(guan)叢向草原(yuan)與(yu)農牧過(guo)度的(de)嫩江流域(yu)。

地質

內(nei)(nei)(nei)蒙古(gu)畢拉河國家級自然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)位于大(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)(ling)東(dong)南麓，屬大(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)(ling)東(dong)南坡嫩江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)(yu)，地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)屬大(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)(ling)中生代(dai)(dai)(dai)復式背(bei)斜構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)，褶(zhe)皺軸(zhou)向多(duo)(duo)為(wei)東(dong)向。跨越喜桂圖旗中華力西(xi)地(di)(di)(di)槽褶(zhe)皺帶和東(dong)烏珠穆沁旗早華力西(xi)地(di)(di)(di)槽褶(zhe)皺帶兩個次級構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)單元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，頭道(dao)橋—鄂(e)倫春深斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)從其境內(nei)(nei)(nei)穿過(guo)，受(shou)深斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)影響(xiang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)頻(pin)繁(fan)，出露地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)以中生代(dai)(dai)(dai)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)及火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)碎(sui)屑(xie)(xie)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)主(zhu)，分(fen)布(bu)廣(guang)；元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)界、古(gu)生代(dai)(dai)(dai)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)零星分(fen)布(bu)。中生代(dai)(dai)(dai)主(zhu)要為(wei)侏羅系(xi)中上(shang)統及白(bai)堊系(xi)下統火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)及火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)碎(sui)屑(xie)(xie)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，廣(guang)泛分(fen)布(bu)；元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)界主(zhu)要為(wei)興(xing)華渡口(kou)群，零星分(fen)布(bu)；古(gu)生代(dai)(dai)(dai)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)主(zhu)要是石(shi)炭(tan)系(xi)、泥盆系(xi)變(bian)(bian)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)零星分(fen)布(bu)。區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)上(shang)由于受(shou)頭道(dao)橋—鄂(e)倫春深斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)影響(xiang)，從泥盆紀后經(jing)(jing)歷(li)多(duo)(duo)次構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)運動(dong)(dong)，特定(ding)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)環境奠定(ding)本區(qu)(qu)(qu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)、火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)、變(bian)(bian)質(zhi)作用(yong)的(de)多(duo)(duo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)性、長期(qi)(qi)(qi)性、復雜(za)性，與成礦作用(yong)關系(xi)較密切。侵入巖(yan)(yan)(yan)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)存在華力西(xi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、燕(yan)山(shan)(shan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)二期(qi)(qi)(qi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)侵入旋回。本區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)復雜(za)，經(jing)(jing)歷(li)三個大(da)的(de)發(fa)展階(jie)(jie)(jie)段，即(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)硅鋁(lv)殼形(xing)(xing)成階(jie)(jie)(jie)段；加里(li)東(dong)—華力西(xi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)西(xi)伯利亞板(ban)塊(kuai)南部大(da)陸(lu)邊緣發(fa)展階(jie)(jie)(jie)段；中生代(dai)(dai)(dai)板(ban)內(nei)(nei)(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)發(fa)展階(jie)(jie)(jie)段。依據(ju)沉積建造(zao)(zao)(zao)、巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)、構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)變(bian)(bian)動(dong)(dong)等特征(zheng)可劃分(fen)為(wei)五個構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)，即(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)晚(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)—早古(gu)生代(dai)(dai)(dai)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)、晚(wan)古(gu)生代(dai)(dai)(dai)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)、中生代(dai)(dai)(dai)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)及新生代(dai)(dai)(dai)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)。早期(qi)(qi)(qi)以板(ban)塊(kuai)的(de)“開”、“合”為(wei)特征(zheng)，形(xing)(xing)成不同類型的(de)板(ban)緣構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)；晚(wan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)受(shou)太(tai)平洋(yang)板(ban)塊(kuai)對(dui)亞洲(zhou)大(da)陸(lu)的(de)擠壓和俯(fu)沖作用(yong)的(de)影響(xiang)，形(xing)(xing)成一系(xi)列NE（北東(dong)）—NNE（北北東(dong)）向為(wei)主(zhu)導的(de)板(ban)內(nei)(nei)(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)，包(bao)括各種斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)，火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)噴(pen)發(fa)帶及巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)帶，總(zong)體顯示(shi)“活(huo)化(hua)(hua)”特征(zheng)。測區(qu)(qu)(qu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)演(yan)化(hua)(hua)總(zong)趨勢是：由板(ban)緣構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)向板(ban)內(nei)(nei)(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)，板(ban)塊(kuai)剛性不斷(duan)增強，板(ban)內(nei)(nei)(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)愈來愈復雜(za)多(duo)(duo)樣。形(xing)(xing)成的(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)主(zhu)要有花(hua)(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、玄武巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、花(hua)(hua)斑巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、碎(sui)屑(xie)(xie)灰巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、凝(ning)灰巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。

地貌

內蒙(meng)古畢拉河國家級自然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)構成主要(yao)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)生代末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、第三(san)(san)紀早(zao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)具備雛形(xing)。中(zhong)(zhong)生代末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)前，大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)為上(shang)升(sheng)隆起的(de)(de)構造活動，中(zhong)(zhong)生代末(mo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、第三(san)(san)紀早(zao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，構造活動比(bi)較平靜(jing)，大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)遭受剝蝕、夷平作用，這(zhe)種狀況一(yi)直延(yan)續到第三(san)(san)紀晚期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。第四紀時期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)又傾斜(xie)式(shi)大(da)(da)面積隆起，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)殼緩慢(man)(man)上(shang)升(sheng)，松(song)嫩平原(yuan)間歇性下沉，由(you)于兩者垂直運動幅度(du)不大(da)(da)，從西北(bei)(bei)蜿蜒伸入到旗(qi)內的(de)(de)數道大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)余脈，沒有深溝峽谷，峭壁陡(dou)崖，相對(dui)高差(cha)一(yi)般不超過500~600米，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面坡(po)度(du)都小于40°。這(zhe)是(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)第一(yi)特點。第四紀后，由(you)于氣候條件曾(ceng)發生較復雜的(de)(de)變化(hua)，在地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)殼的(de)(de)內、外(wai)力綜合作用下，低山(shan)和丘陵(ling)的(de)(de)頂(ding)部變得圓滑，形(xing)成較寬(kuan)闊的(de)(de)河谷平原(yuan)。這(zhe)是(shi)保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)第二特點。保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)分為山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、丘陵(ling)、河谷、平原(yuan)等類型(xing)。保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)高差(cha)變化(hua)較小，海拔(ba)高度(du)在377~886米之(zhi)間，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢北(bei)(bei)高南低，由(you)西北(bei)(bei)向東南緩慢(man)(man)傾斜(xie)。

氣候

內蒙古畢(bi)拉河國家級自然(ran)保護區屬中(zhong)溫(wen)帶(dai)濕潤、半濕潤大(da)(da)陸性季(ji)風氣候(hou)。由于緯度偏高，遠離海(hai)洋(yang)，加之(zhi)大(da)(da)興安嶺(ling)的(de)屏障作用，使濕潤的(de)海(hai)洋(yang)性氣候(hou)團的(de)影響減(jian)弱，境域(yu)大(da)(da)部分時間在西伯利亞(ya)高壓的(de)控(kong)制之(zhi)下，形成區域(yu)氣候(hou)特點(dian)：春(chun)季(ji)多風，降(jiang)(jiang)水稀(xi)少(shao)，氣溫(wen)多變；夏季(ji)溫(wen)和(he)，降(jiang)(jiang)水集(ji)中(zhong)；秋季(ji)降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)劇烈，霜(shuang)期早；冬季(ji)漫長嚴(yan)寒。年平均溫(wen)度為﹣1.1℃，極端最(zui)高氣溫(wen)35.4℃，極端最(zui)低氣溫(wen)-46.0℃。≥10℃的(de)年積溫(wen)2014.4℃。年平均降(jiang)(jiang)水量為479.4毫米，降(jiang)(jiang)水主要集(ji)中(zhong)在六、七、八月份，無(wu)霜(shuang)期130天左右。主要風向為西北風，年平均風速為1.9米/秒。

水文

內蒙古畢拉(la)河(he)(he)(he)國家(jia)級自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內為地形(xing)起伏(fu)較(jiao)大的山地，受東南海洋性濕潤暖氣流(liu)影響，年均降水(shui)量479.4 mm，產(chan)匯流(liu)條件(jian)好，水(shui)蝕(shi)作用強，河(he)(he)(he)網較(jiao)發(fa)育，是嫩江上游(you)主要(yao)產(chan)流(liu)區(qu)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)主要(yao)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)有(you)畢拉(la)河(he)(he)(he)、扎文(wen)河(he)(he)(he)、畢二溝(gou)河(he)(he)(he)等，畢拉(la)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)經保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)23 km；扎文(wen)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)經本區(qu)11km，注入畢拉(la)河(he)(he)(he)；畢二溝(gou)河(he)(he)(he)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)本區(qu)并流(liu)經35km，區(qu)內河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)交錯，水(shui)澈透(tou)明(ming)。流(liu)域內樹(shu)木繁茂，植(zhi)被良好，水(shui)土流(liu)失輕(qing)微，河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)含沙量甚小。

畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)位(wei)于(yu)大興(xing)安嶺北段東麓，屬諾敏(min)河(he)大支流，流經畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)林業局83km，流經保護區境內(nei)23km。畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)源頭(tou)位(wei)于(yu)大興(xing)安嶺森林腹地，畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)流域擁有嫩江(jiang)西岸大的高山湖(hu)泊——達爾濱湖(hu)、大興(xing)安嶺長的峽(xia)谷和(he)面積廣闊的火山熔巖(yan)群。河(he)流沿岸生態與環境良好(hao)，無(wu)任(ren)何工礦企業，河(he)水清澈、無(wu)污(wu)染、魚類種類繁多。

畢拉(la)河(he)(he)上游兩岸(an)植被(bei)茂(mao)盛，河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)緩，到(dao)中下游河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)進入(ru)大興(xing)安嶺的(de)一條(tiao)大峽谷(gu)，峽谷(gu)長約(yue)數(shu)十(shi)千(qian)米，深30~50m，兩岸(an)寬約(yue)100~150m，是火山(shan)噴發時沖擊(ji)出的(de)溝(gou)壑。畢拉(la)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)從(cong)峽谷(gu)穿(chuan)梭而下，峽谷(gu)兩岸(an)植被(bei)大多(duo)為針(zhen)葉(xie)、闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林；河(he)(he)床遍布火山(shan)熔巖。河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)清澈、水(shui)(shui)流湍急，水(shui)(shui)深1~1.5m。河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)流動的(de)聲(sheng)音，在數(shu)百米之外都可以聽得真(zhen)(zhen)真(zhen)(zhen)切切。畢拉(la)河(he)(he)流域地質奇特、植被(bei)類(lei)型多(duo)樣、自然(ran)生(sheng)態平(ping)(ping)衡，極具旅游、科考、保護價(jia)值。

此外(wai)，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內的扎文河，流經該區(qu)域北(bei)部約(yue)(yue)11km，平(ping)均(jun)河寬(kuan)20m，平(ping)均(jun)水深1.5m，流速0.4m/s。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內的畢二(er)溝河，全長約(yue)(yue)35km，平(ping)均(jun)水深1~3m，平(ping)均(jun)流速0.3~0.7m/s。

風力

畢拉河自然保護區受(shou)大(da)(da)興安嶺(ling)地形及(ji)森(sen)林植被的影響，在全市內(nei)屬(shu)弱風區。大(da)(da)興安嶺(ling)山脈阻擋西北(bei)(bei)寒流南下，茂密(mi)的森(sen)林具有(you)明顯(xian)的防風效(xiao)應。年(nian)平均風速為1.9 m/s。月(yue)(yue)平均風速以春季(ji)(ji)最大(da)(da)，夏季(ji)(ji)最小，年(nian)最大(da)(da)風速在20~24 m/s（主要出現(xian)在春季(ji)(ji)），年(nian)內(nei)各月(yue)(yue)盛行風自北(bei)(bei)向南依次為西、西北(bei)(bei)及(ji)北(bei)(bei)風，主要風向為西北(bei)(bei)風。

2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。3月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)2.6 m/s；11月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.6 m/s。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)(shang)的大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)11 d，其中3~6月(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)8 d，8月(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)3 d。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。5月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)2.7 m/s；12月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.4 m/s。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)(shang)的大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)4 d，其中5月(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)4 d。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。5月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)2.1 m/s；12月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.5 m/s。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)2 d，6、7月(yue)(yue)各1 d。2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。3月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)2.2 m/s；12月(yue)(yue)，最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.4 m/s。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)3 d，其中4月(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)2 d，7、9月(yue)(yue)各1 d。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。5月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)3.1 m/s；2月(yue)(yue)和7月(yue)(yue)，最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)(su)1.5 m/s。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數(shu)(shu)(shu)5 d，均(jun)在5月(yue)(yue)。

區域范圍

內蒙古畢(bi)拉河國家級(ji)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)東與巴提克林(lin)場接(jie)壤，南與大二溝(gou)林(lin)場相(xiang)鄰，西與北大河林(lin)場毗鄰，北與羊其河林(lin)場相(xiang)接(jie)，地理坐標介于東經123°04′28.9″～123°29′16.1″，北緯49°19′39.5″～49°38′29.7″之間。保護(hu)區(qu)總面積(ji)為(wei)56604公(gong)(gong)頃，其中核心區(qu)面積(ji)23009公(gong)(gong)頃，緩(huan)沖區(qu)面積(ji)20289公(gong)(gong)頃，實驗區(qu)面積(ji)13306公(gong)(gong)頃。

保護目標

綜述

內(nei)蒙(meng)古畢拉河(he)國家(jia)級(ji)自然保(bao)護區重點保(bao)護對象為(wei)森林沼澤、草本沼澤以及珍稀瀕危野生動植物(wu)等(deng)。

植物

截(jie)至2012年，內蒙(meng)古畢拉(la)河國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護(hu)區有高等(deng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)703種(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)565種(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)，蕨類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)33種(zhong)(zhong)，苔(tai)蘚(xian)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)102種(zhong)(zhong)；低等(deng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)大型真菌124種(zhong)(zhong)；地衣(yi)51種(zhong)(zhong)；藻類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)240種(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)家II級(ji)重點保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)，有鉆(zhan)天柳、黃檗(bo)和野大豆；區級(ji)珍稀林木保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)。

動物

截至2012年，內(nei)蒙古畢拉河國(guo)家級自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)有脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)322種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)獸類(lei)(lei)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)228種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬(pa)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)棲類(lei)(lei)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)35種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，圓(yuan)口(kou)類(lei)(lei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；無脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)昆蟲(chong)(chong)335種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；環節動(dong)(dong)物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，軟體動(dong)(dong)物(wu)門10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；節肢動(dong)(dong)物(wu)門（除(chu)昆蟲(chong)(chong)綱外(wai)）有18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有國(guo)家重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)國(guo)家I級重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家II級重點保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)主要有野(ye)(ye)豬、狍(pao)子、赤(chi)狐、貉等。