五里(li)坡自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于渝東(dong)門戶、三峽(xia)腹心(xin)、長(chang)江中上游(you)結合(he)點、東(dong)西(xi)部(bu)結合(he)部(bu)，華中區(qu)(qu)三大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈——大(da)(da)巴(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、巫(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、七(qi)曜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（又名齊岳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)）交(jiao)匯處，系三峽(xia)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)重點淹沒區(qu)(qu)之一。五里(li)坡自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于巫(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣東(dong)北部(bu)，東(dong)北部(bu)與湖(hu)北神(shen)奇的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)農架林區(qu)(qu)交(jiao)界，恰在大(da)(da)巴(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)弧與川東(dong)褶皺的(de)(de)(de)結合(he)部(bu)，大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)為低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)(he)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)形(xing)，海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)多(duo)(duo)在1000至2000米(mi)之間，中心(xin)地(di)區(qu)(qu)距巫(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣城120公里(li)。保護區(qu)(qu)最低(di)點腳步典系海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)170米(mi)，已被(bei)庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)淹沒；最高點系當陽鄉(xiang)太平(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)2680米(mi)，也是巫(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣最高點。保護區(qu)(qu)為典型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)中深切(qie)割中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)形(xing)，海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)高差2510米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈多(duo)(duo)呈東(dong)西(xi)走向，形(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)行嶺谷(gu)(gu)，立體地(di)貌景觀(guan)獨具(ju)特色，一方面(mian)總體表現為強烈切(qie)割，崇山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺連(lian)綿起(qi)(qi)伏，懸(xuan)崖峽(xia)谷(gu)(gu)隨處可見；另一方面(mian)地(di)形(xing)有(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)層性。地(di)貌主(zhu)要呈四(si)種基本類型(xing)(xing)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原，在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂部(bu)分布大(da)(da)面(mian)積起(qi)(qi)伏和(he)(he)緩(huan)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)，蔥坪等地(di)具(ju)有(you)神(shen)奇美(mei)麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)游(you)景點；山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)，相(xiang)對高度大(da)(da)于200米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)伏地(di)面(mian)，根據海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)高度又分為2000米(mi)以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)；丘陵(ling)，相(xiang)對高度小于200米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)伏地(di)面(mian)，巫(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵(ling)面(mian)積相(xiang)對較(jiao)小，大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)分布在槽(cao)狀(zhuang)谷(gu)(gu)地(di)、寬闊河灘周邊(bian)(bian)，175米(mi)以下地(di)帶已被(bei)庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)淹沒；臺地(di)，周邊(bian)(bian)被(bei)溝(gou)谷(gu)(gu)切(qie)割，邊(bian)(bian)沿呈陡(dou)崖和(he)(he)臺階狀(zhuang)，頂面(mian)起(qi)(qi)伏緩(huan)和(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)高地(di)，如市(shi)級森林公園梨子坪和(he)(he)騾(luo)坪等地(di)。
五(wu)(wu)(wu)里(li)坡(po)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)位于(yu)三(san)峽腹心、弛名(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外的(de)神女峰背后長江左岸(an)，與國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)奇(qi)特的(de)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)神農架接(jie)壤，和(he)神女之鄉國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)風景(jing)名(ming)勝區(qu)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)AAAA級(ji)(ji)旅游(you)區(qu)———小三(san)峽“聯姻(yin)”，美(mei)譽(yu)“孿生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姊(zi)妹”，系神奇(qi)的(de)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)綠色(se)寶(bao)庫。 保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內許多(duo)(duo)地方處于(yu)原始和(he)次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)狀(zhuang)態，是(shi)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)“王國(guo)(guo)”。通過森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)資源(yuan)二(er)類(lei)調(diao)查，野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有190科796屬1900多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)一(yi)(yi)、二(er)級(ji)(ji)珍稀(xi)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)珙桐(tong)(tong)、光葉(xie)珙桐(tong)(tong)、銀杏、水杉和(he)樟樹(shu)(shu)、厚(hou)樸、紅豆樹(shu)(shu)、水青樹(shu)(shu)、巴山(shan)榧、香果樹(shu)(shu)、天(tian)麻、杜(du)仲達(da)30余種(zhong)(zhong)。從2006年(nian)(nian)開始，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)林(lin)(lin)(lin)科院組織專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)對五(wu)(wu)(wu)里(li)坡(po)林(lin)(lin)(lin)場(chang)進行了多(duo)(duo)輪考(kao)察。2011年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組對五(wu)(wu)(wu)里(li)坡(po)林(lin)(lin)(lin)場(chang)進行了正(zheng)式評審。經過專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組多(duo)(duo)次(ci)細(xi)致的(de)考(kao)察，在總面(mian)積35276.6 hm2的(de)五(wu)(wu)(wu)里(li)坡(po)林(lin)(lin)(lin)場(chang)發(fa)現(xian)陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)二(er)級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)布有中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特有種(zhong)(zhong)或主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)布于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)僅分(fen)布于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)有40種(zhong)(zhong)，主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)布于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)有29種(zhong)(zhong)，列入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)紅色(se)名(ming)錄瀕危(wei)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)評估標準近(jin)危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)以上等(deng)級(ji)(ji)的(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)，占陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)總數(shu)的(de)18.72%，如金絲(si)猴(hou)、豹、云(yun)豹、金雕、林(lin)(lin)(lin)麝和(he)獼猴(hou)、黑熊、斑羚、大靈貓、水獺、鴛鴦、蒼鷹(ying)等(deng)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)有3萬畝原始森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)人類(lei)從未涉(she)足，還在五(wu)(wu)(wu)里(li)坡(po)國(guo)(guo)有林(lin)(lin)(lin)場(chang)四面(mian)環(huan)山(shan)的(de)大蔥(cong)坪(ping)發(fa)現(xian)高山(shan)罕見(jian)的(de)濕地，在蔥(cong)翠(cui)的(de)苔草、蒿草、狐草的(de)濕地大坪(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央嵌(qian)鑲一(yi)(yi)個約2000平方米(mi)的(de)“袖(xiu)珍翠(cui)湖(hu)”，野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活躍，令(ling)人驚奇(qi)。
巫山(shan)是我國(guo)華(hua)中地區(qu)生物多(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)非常豐富的(de)(de)熱點地區(qu)之一(yi)，動植(zhi)物近2000種，反映巫山(shan)五(wu)里坡(po)自然(ran)(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)森林(lin)生態系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)自然(ran)(ran)景(jing)觀、動植(zhi)物區(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)、植(zhi)被類型、珍稀動植(zhi)物物種分(fen)布和種群(qun)現狀等(deng)方面內容，該森林(lin)生態系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)在自然(ran)(ran)環(huan)境(jing)中的(de)(de)存(cun)在價(jia)值及保護(hu)具有極(ji)其重要的(de)(de)意(yi)義，珍稀瀕(bin)危(wei)動植(zhi)物物種更需要保護(hu)。
五里坡林場由市級自然(ran)保護(hu)區晉升(sheng)為國家級自然(ran)保護(hu)區，使之成為重慶重要的生(sheng)態資源庫(ku)、三峽庫(ku)區重要的生(sheng)態屏障和全(quan)國優質水資源戰略儲備(bei)庫(ku)。預計(ji)到2018年，五里坡有望在(zai)實驗區域建原(yuan)始自然(ran)旅游景(jing)觀(guan)并對外開(kai)放。
長期以來，巫山縣政府和林(lin)業(ye)部門及(ji)各(ge)鄉鎮，對(dui)五里坡自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)森林(lin)資(zi)源(yuan)和動植物資(zi)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)得很好。建(jian)立(li)國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)后，將依法更加強(qiang)化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)，對(dui)旅游資(zi)源(yuan)進行保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)性(xing)(xing)科學開(kai)發和合(he)理利用，為保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)三峽庫區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)態環(huan)境再立(li)新功(gong)(gong)。自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)是生(sheng)態文明(ming)建(jian)設的(de)重(zhong)要載體。建(jian)立(li)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)是保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)態環(huan)境、自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)有(you)(you)效措施，是加快轉變經濟發展方式(shi)、實現(xian)可持續發展的(de)積極(ji)手段。國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)主要保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)對(dui)象的(de)典型(xing)性(xing)(xing)、稀有(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)、瀕危(wei)性(xing)(xing)、代表性(xing)(xing)較強(qiang)，在保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)物多樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)和生(sheng)物資(zi)源(yuan)、維護(hu)生(sheng)態系統服務功(gong)(gong)能等方面具有(you)(you)重(zhong)要作用。
巧笑倩兮 
