五(wu)里(li)坡自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)渝東(dong)門戶、三峽腹心、長(chang)江中上游(you)(you)結合(he)點(dian)(dian)、東(dong)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)結合(he)部(bu)(bu)，華(hua)中區(qu)三大山(shan)脈(mo)——大巴山(shan)、巫(wu)山(shan)、七曜山(shan)（又名齊岳(yue)山(shan)）交匯處，系(xi)三峽水庫重點(dian)(dian)淹(yan)沒區(qu)之一。五(wu)里(li)坡自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)巫(wu)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)東(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，東(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)與湖北(bei)神奇的(de)神農架林(lin)區(qu)交界(jie)，恰在大巴山(shan)弧與川(chuan)東(dong)褶皺(zhou)的(de)結合(he)部(bu)(bu)，大多(duo)為低(di)(di)山(shan)和中山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)，海拔多(duo)在1000至(zhi)2000米(mi)之間，中心地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)距巫(wu)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)城120公里(li)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)最低(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)腳步典(dian)系(xi)海拔170米(mi)，已被庫水淹(yan)沒；最高點(dian)(dian)系(xi)當陽鄉太平山(shan)，海拔2680米(mi)，也(ye)是巫(wu)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)最高點(dian)(dian)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)為典(dian)型的(de)中深切(qie)割(ge)(ge)中山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)，海拔高差2510米(mi)，山(shan)脈(mo)多(duo)呈(cheng)東(dong)西(xi)走向，形(xing)(xing)成平行(xing)嶺(ling)谷(gu)，立(li)體地(di)(di)(di)貌景觀(guan)獨具特色，一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)總體表現為強烈切(qie)割(ge)(ge)，崇山(shan)峻嶺(ling)連綿起(qi)伏，懸(xuan)崖峽谷(gu)隨處可見；另一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)有(you)明顯的(de)成層性。地(di)(di)(di)貌主要(yao)呈(cheng)四種基本類型。山(shan)原，在山(shan)頂部(bu)(bu)分(fen)布大面(mian)(mian)積(ji)起(qi)伏和緩的(de)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，蔥坪(ping)等地(di)(di)(di)具有(you)神奇美麗的(de)旅(lv)游(you)(you)景點(dian)(dian)；山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，相(xiang)對高度大于(yu)200米(mi)的(de)起(qi)伏地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)，根據海拔高度又分(fen)為2000米(mi)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)低(di)(di)山(shan)；丘陵(ling)，相(xiang)對高度小(xiao)于(yu)200米(mi)的(de)起(qi)伏地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)，巫(wu)山(shan)丘陵(ling)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)相(xiang)對較小(xiao)，大多(duo)分(fen)布在槽(cao)狀谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、寬(kuan)闊河灘周邊，175米(mi)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)(di)帶已被庫水淹(yan)沒；臺地(di)(di)(di)，周邊被溝谷(gu)切(qie)割(ge)(ge)，邊沿呈(cheng)陡(dou)崖和臺階狀，頂面(mian)(mian)起(qi)伏緩和的(de)高地(di)(di)(di)，如市級森林(lin)公園梨(li)子(zi)坪(ping)和騾(luo)坪(ping)等地(di)(di)(di)。
五(wu)(wu)里(li)坡自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)三峽(xia)腹心、弛(chi)名(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)女(nv)峰背后長江左岸，與國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)奇(qi)特的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)神(shen)農架接壤，和(he)(he)神(shen)女(nv)之鄉國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)公園、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)風(feng)景名(ming)勝區(qu)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)AAAA級(ji)旅游區(qu)———小(xiao)三峽(xia)“聯姻”，美譽“孿(luan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姊妹”，系神(shen)奇(qi)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然(ran)綠色(se)寶(bao)庫。 保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內(nei)許多(duo)地方處于(yu)原始和(he)(he)次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)狀態(tai)，是野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)“王國(guo)”。通過森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)資源(yuan)二(er)類調(diao)查，野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)190科(ke)796屬1900多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)、二(er)級(ji)珍(zhen)稀植物(wu)(wu)(wu)珙(gong)(gong)桐(tong)、光葉珙(gong)(gong)桐(tong)、銀杏(xing)、水杉(shan)和(he)(he)樟(zhang)樹、厚樸、紅(hong)豆樹、水青(qing)樹、巴山(shan)榧、香果樹、天(tian)麻(ma)、杜仲達30余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。從(cong)2006年(nian)開始，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)林(lin)(lin)科(ke)院組(zu)(zu)織專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)對(dui)五(wu)(wu)里(li)坡林(lin)(lin)場進行了(le)多(duo)輪考(kao)察(cha)。2011年(nian)10月，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組(zu)(zu)對(dui)五(wu)(wu)里(li)坡林(lin)(lin)場進行了(le)正式(shi)評(ping)審。經過專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組(zu)(zu)多(duo)次(ci)細(xi)致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)考(kao)察(cha)，在(zai)(zai)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積35276.6 hm2的(de)(de)(de)五(wu)(wu)里(li)坡林(lin)(lin)場發(fa)現陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)二(er)級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)布(bu)(bu)有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或主要分(fen)布(bu)(bu)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)僅分(fen)布(bu)(bu)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主要分(fen)布(bu)(bu)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色(se)名(ming)錄瀕(bin)危(wei)等級(ji)評(ping)估(gu)標(biao)準近危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以上等級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)18.72%，如金絲猴(hou)、豹、云(yun)豹、金雕、林(lin)(lin)麝(she)和(he)(he)獼猴(hou)、黑熊、斑羚、大靈貓、水獺、鴛鴦(yang)、蒼鷹等。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)有(you)3萬畝原始森(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)人類從(cong)未涉足，還在(zai)(zai)五(wu)(wu)里(li)坡國(guo)有(you)林(lin)(lin)場四面(mian)(mian)環(huan)山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)大蔥(cong)坪發(fa)現高山(shan)罕見的(de)(de)(de)濕地，在(zai)(zai)蔥(cong)翠(cui)的(de)(de)(de)苔草(cao)、蒿(hao)草(cao)、狐草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)濕地大坪中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央嵌(qian)鑲一(yi)個約2000平方米的(de)(de)(de)“袖(xiu)珍(zhen)翠(cui)湖”，野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)活躍，令人驚奇(qi)。
巫山是我國華中(zhong)地(di)區生物(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性非常豐富的熱點地(di)區之一，動植物(wu)近2000種，反映巫山五(wu)里坡自(zi)然保護(hu)區森(sen)(sen)林生態(tai)系統的自(zi)然景觀(guan)、動植物(wu)區系、植被類型(xing)、珍稀動植物(wu)物(wu)種分布和種群現(xian)狀等方面內容，該森(sen)(sen)林生態(tai)系統在自(zi)然環(huan)境中(zhong)的存(cun)在價值及保護(hu)具有(you)極其重要(yao)的意義，珍稀瀕危動植物(wu)物(wu)種更(geng)需要(yao)保護(hu)。
五里坡(po)林場(chang)由市級自然(ran)(ran)保護區晉升為國(guo)家級自然(ran)(ran)保護區，使之(zhi)成為重(zhong)慶(qing)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)資源(yuan)庫、三峽庫區重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)屏(ping)障和全國(guo)優質水資源(yuan)戰略(lve)儲備庫。預計到2018年，五里坡(po)有望在實驗區域建(jian)原始自然(ran)(ran)旅游景觀并(bing)對外開放。
長期以來，巫山縣(xian)政府和林業部門及各(ge)鄉鎮，對(dui)五里坡自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的森林資(zi)源(yuan)和動植物資(zi)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)得很好(hao)。建立國家級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)后，將(jiang)依法更加(jia)強化保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，對(dui)旅游資(zi)源(yuan)進行保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)性科(ke)學(xue)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)和合理(li)利用，為保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)三峽庫區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境再立新功。自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)是生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建設的重(zhong)要載體。建立自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)是保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境、自(zi)然(ran)(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)的有(you)效措(cuo)施，是加(jia)快(kuai)轉(zhuan)變(bian)經濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展方(fang)式、實現可持續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展的積極手段。國家級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)主要保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)對(dui)象的典型性、稀有(you)性、瀕危性、代表性較強，在保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)物多樣性和生(sheng)物資(zi)源(yuan)、維護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統服務功能等方(fang)面具有(you)重(zhong)要作用。
巧笑倩兮 
