平均(jun)海拔4400米(mi)(mi),湖(hu)面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)639739.1畝,屬東(dong)淡(dan)西咸,分布在日土境(jing)多(duo)瑪鄉烏江(jiang)村境(jing)內(nei),距離日土縣(xian)城15公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)左右(you),距離阿里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)地(di)區(qu)行署所在地(di)獅泉河鎮135公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。全湖(hu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)為(wei)604平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),其中中國(guo)境(jing)內(nei)為(wei)413平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),約(yue)占68.5%;印控克什米(mi)(mi)爾(er)地(di)區(qu)為(wei)191平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),約(yue)占31.5%;東(dong)西長約(yue)150公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),南北平均(jun)寬約(yue)4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),窄處僅5米(mi)(mi),平均(jun)水深5米(mi)(mi),水深41米(mi)(mi)。
班(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)湖(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)面(mian)(mian)海拔高度(du)4240米(mi),全(quan)湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)積為604平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)有(you)413平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),克什米(mi)爾境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)191平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。它的(de)(de)東(dong)西(xi)(xi)狹長(chang)約為150公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),100公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei),50公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)在印占(zhan)克什米(mi)爾境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深為41米(mi),平(ping)均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深5米(mi),礦化度(du)2.16克/升(sheng)(sheng),南北平(ping)均(jun)寬度(du)僅為4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),是一條典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)河道型(xing)湖(hu)(hu)泊。班(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)湖(hu)(hu)狹長(chang)的(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)體造就(jiu)了獨特的(de)(de)景觀效果,匯入班(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)湖(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)兩(liang)條支流麻嘎藏布和多瑪曲都位于(yu)湖(hu)(hu)體的(de)(de)東(dong)段,淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)來源充(chong)分(fen),補(bu)(bu)(bu)給(gei)量(liang)大于(yu)蒸(zheng)發(fa)量(liang),湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)含鹽量(liang)維持(chi)在0.75克/升(sheng)(sheng)以內(nei)(nei),使(shi)湖(hu)(hu)體東(dong)段為淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)湖(hu)(hu);而中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)段和西(xi)(xi)段淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)補(bu)(bu)(bu)給(gei)量(liang)銳減,加(jia)以中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)段湖(hu)(hu)體窄(zhai)處(chu)只(zhi)有(you)100-150米(mi)寬,湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)在東(dong)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向上的(de)(de)交替不暢,東(dong)部(bu)淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)很難(nan)持(chi)續向西(xi)(xi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong),使(shi)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)發(fa)量(liang)大于(yu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)給(gei)量(liang),湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)含鹽量(liang)從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)向西(xi)(xi)部(bu)增加(jia)至近20克/升(sheng)(sheng),變成咸(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)湖(hu)(hu)。
湖中有(you)十多(duo)(duo)個大(da)小不等(deng)的(de)島嶼,島上約(yue)有(you)各種(zhong)鳥(niao)類(lei)20多(duo)(duo)種(zhong),數(shu)量(liang)多(duo)(duo)時可達數(shu)萬只,主要的(de)鳥(niao)類(lei)有(you)斑(ban)頭雁(yan)、棕(zong)(zong)頭鷗(ou)、魚鷗(ou)、鳳頭鴨、赤麻鴨等(deng),其中屬斑(ban)頭雁(yan)和棕(zong)(zong)頭鷗(ou)數(shu)量(liang)較多(duo)(duo)。
班公湖(hu)(hu)是一個魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)世(shi)界,湖(hu)(hu)中有(you)(you)大量水生植(zhi)物為(wei)(wei)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)提供良好的(de)棲(qi)息(xi)場(chang)所。魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)品(pin)種有(you)(you)10余種之多。有(you)(you)西(xi)藏弓魚(yu)(yu)、高原(yuan)裸(luo)裂究魚(yu)(yu)、長體(ti)裸(luo)體(ti)鯉魚(yu)(yu)、裂腹(fu)(fu)魚(yu)(yu)、細尾高原(yuan)鰍等。其(qi)中尤(you)以(yi)鯉科(ke)(ke)的(de)裂腹(fu)(fu)魚(yu)(yu)、亞科(ke)(ke)的(de)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)為(wei)(wei)較多。湖(hu)(hu)中有(you)(you)西(xi)藏特有(you)(you)的(de)裂腹(fu)(fu)魚(yu)(yu)、裸(luo)裂尻魚(yu)(yu)等,尤(you)以(yi)不生。
班公湖上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)鳥(niao)(niao)島是鳥(niao)(niao)類(lei)的(de)(de)天堂,每(mei)年的(de)(de)5-8月份(fen),成千上(shang)(shang)(shang)萬的(de)(de)鳥(niao)(niao)來到(dao)鳥(niao)(niao)島上(shang)(shang)(shang)繁(fan)衍(yan)后代。遠遠望去,儼(yan)然是一幅山水鳥(niao)(niao)語圖(tu),是人與自(zi)然和諧(xie)的(de)(de)體現。鳥(niao)(niao)類(lei)主要(yao)包括(kuo):黑頸鶴(he)(國(guo)家一級保護動物)、赤(chi)麻鴨(ya)(ya)(ya)、棕(zong)頭鷗(ou)(ou)、魚鷗(ou)(ou)、斑頭雁(yan)、綠頭鴨(ya)(ya)(ya)、針尾(wei)鴨(ya)(ya)(ya)、紅頭潛鴨(ya)(ya)(ya)、白(bai)眼潛鴨(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)珍(zhen)貴鳥(niao)(niao)類(lei)。
08:00-16:00
免費
1、湖邊有客棧(zhan)和飯館,碼頭的游(you)船也(ye)屬于(yu)這家(jia),若天氣(qi)好,也(ye)可以選擇在湖邊搭帳篷;島上(shang)的鳥蛋是受保護的,絕對(dui)不可以帶走(zou)。
2、從班(ban)公錯(cuo)登船可以繞著鳥島游(you)覽(lan)(lan),出于對環(huan)境的保護,游(you)人是不允許登島游(you)覽(lan)(lan)的。
3、湖畔餐館多以湖中特產的西藏裂腹(fu)魚為噱頭,雖(sui)然味美,但出于對物種(zhong)的保護,不建議食用。沒有買賣就沒有傷害。
班公湖(hu)(hu)是一(yi)個由東向西水中含鹽量(liang)不(bu)同的(de)湖(hu)(hu)泊,東部也就是在我國境內的(de)湖(hu)(hu)泊為(wei)淡水湖(hu)(hu),中部為(wei)半咸水湖(hu)(hu),西部為(wei)咸水湖(hu)(hu)。
班(ban)公湖地(di)區位于青藏高(gao)原(yuan)西部(bu),南(nan)北(bei)跨越多(duo)個經歷不(bu)同演化歷史(shi)的(de)大地(di)構造單元,分(fen)別為南(nan)羌塘(tang)地(di)塊、班(ban)公湖蛇綠混雜(za)巖(yan)帶(dai)、北(bei)岡(gang)(gang)底(di)斯(si)(si)地(di)塊,中特提斯(si)(si)洋盆(pen)擴張階段(duan)沉(chen)積的(de)地(di)層主(zhu)要(yao)是晚(wan)三疊紀世(shi)日(ri)干配錯群(qun),巖(yan)性(xing)(xing)組(zu)合以(yi)(yi)碎屑巖(yan)和碳酸(suan)鹽巖(yan)為主(zhu),夾少量火山巖(yan);在(zai)洋盆(pen)萎縮階段(duan)沉(chen)積的(de)地(di)層以(yi)(yi)侏羅紀-早白(bai)堊世(shi)的(de)碎屑巖(yan)為主(zhu),代表性(xing)(xing)地(di)層有木(mu)嘎崗日(ri)群(qun)、多(duo)仁(ren)組(zu)、日(ri)松(song)組(zu)、沙(sha)木(mu)羅組(zu)、多(duo)尼(ni)組(zu)和郎山組(zu)等;與此(ci)同時,蛇綠混雜(za)巖(yan)帶(dai)北(bei)側(ce)發(fa)育晚(wan)侏羅-早白(bai)堊世(shi)的(de)島弧型鈣(gai)堿性(xing)(xing)花(hua)崗巖(yan)類巖(yan)漿巖(yan)體,巖(yan)體大多(duo)呈巖(yan)基(ji)、巖(yan)株產出(chu),為班(ban)怒帶(dai)北(bei)向俯沖的(de)產物,而蛇綠混雜(za)巖(yan)帶(dai)南(nan)側(ce)北(bei)岡(gang)(gang)底(di)斯(si)(si)地(di)塊大規(gui)模(mo)的(de)中酸(suan)性(xing)(xing)巖(yan)漿侵位活動主(zhu)要(yao)發(fa)生在(zai)晚(wan)白(bai)堊世(shi),巖(yan)石(shi)組(zu)合為花(hua)崗斑巖(yan)、花(hua)崗閃(shan)長巖(yan)、閃(shan)長玢巖(yan)、石(shi)英閃(shan)長巖(yan)、英云(yun)閃(shan)長巖(yan)、二長花(hua)崗巖(yan)等。