廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)從化陳禾洞省(sheng)級自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)是在2007年1月經(jing)(jing)省(sheng)政府(fu)批(pi)準同意建立的省(sheng)級自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu),是目前廣(guang)(guang)州地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)第一個省(sheng)級自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)。保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)位于廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)從化市(shi)呂田鎮(zhen)境內,廣(guang)(guang)州市(shi)東(dong)北面,距廣(guang)(guang)州100km,地(di)理(li)坐標23°43’02’’ ~23°48’10’’N,113°49’30’’~114°01’50’’E。東(dong)鄰龍門縣(xian)、增(zeng)城市(shi), 南與(yu)白云區(qu)(qu)(qu)接壤, 西(xi)與(yu)花都區(qu)(qu)(qu)、清遠(yuan)市(shi)相連,北界佛(fo)岡縣(xian)、新豐(feng)縣(xian),地(di)處大珠三角經(jing)(jing)濟圈(quan), 屬于廣(guang)(guang)州“北優”發展戰(zhan)略的重要組成部分。
自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)規劃面(mian)(mian)積(ji)7054.36hm2,森林覆蓋(gai)率為(wei)94.69%,其中核心區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)3080.23hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)43.66%(含(han)上水庫面(mian)(mian)積(ji)75.55公(gong)頃),緩(huan)沖區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)1939.01hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)27.49%(含(han)下(xia)水庫面(mian)(mian)積(ji)198.08公(gong)頃),實驗區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2035.12hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)28.85%。
廣(guang)(guang)東從化陳禾洞(dong)省自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)是(shi)(shi)南亞熱帶常綠闊葉林(lin)保(bao)存(cun)較為(wei)完整的(de)(de)林(lin)區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi),區(qu)(qu)內(nei)物種起源(yuan)古老,成(cheng)分復雜,生物多樣(yang)性高,同(tong)時(shi)也是(shi)(shi)珍(zhen)稀野生動植物基因庫(ku)。既是(shi)(shi)華南較大(da)都(dou)(dou)市(shi)(shi)廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)“母(mu)親河”——流(liu)溪(xi)河的(de)(de)發源(yuan)地(di)(di)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi),同(tong)時(shi)也是(shi)(shi)世界(jie)目前較大(da)的(de)(de)蓄能(neng)(neng)電廠(chang)——廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)電廠(chang)上、下(xia)水(shui)庫(ku)的(de)(de)所在(zai)地(di)(di)。保(bao)護(hu)好庫(ku)區(qu)(qu)周邊(bian)森林(lin)植被,充分發揮其水(shui)源(yuan)涵養功能(neng)(neng)具有重(zhong)要的(de)(de)戰略意義(yi)。為(wei)此,省、廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)林(lin)業主(zhu)管部(bu)門及(ji)從化市(shi)(shi)都(dou)(dou)十(shi)分重(zhong)視支持自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)建(jian)設,現正(zheng)抓緊進行機構的(de)(de)設置和基礎設施的(de)(de)建(jian)設,以便更好地(di)(di)加強陳禾洞(dong)自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)建(jian)設與管理,把陳禾洞(dong)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個惠及(ji)廣(guang)(guang)蓄電站、從化及(ji)流(liu)溪(xi)河流(liu)域(yu)周邊(bian)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu),甚(shen)至是(shi)(shi)廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)廣(guang)(guang)大(da)人(ren)民的(de)(de)水(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)功能(neng)(neng)型(xing)的(de)(de)自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu),是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)利在(zai)當代、功在(zai)千(qian)秋的(de)(de)事業。
陳禾(he)洞保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)省內(nei)(nei)亞熱帶常綠(lv)闊葉林(lin)(lin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存(cun)較(jiao)為(wei)完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之一。陳禾(he)洞位于從化區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)呂田(tian)鎮境內(nei)(nei),是(shi)珠江三角洲通往粵(yue)北、華東(dong)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交通咽喉。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)規劃(hua)總(zong)面積7054.36公(gong)頃(qing),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)核(he)心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面積2039.06公(gong)頃(qing),森林(lin)(lin)覆蓋率為(wei)94.69%。該區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)亞熱帶常綠(lv)闊葉林(lin)(lin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存(cun)較(jiao)為(wei)完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之一,區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)(nei)物(wu)種起源(yuan)(yuan)古老,成分(fen)復雜,同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀野生(sheng)動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)基(ji)因庫(ku)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)所(suo)(suo)在地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呂田(tian)鎮和(he)(he)周邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良口鎮,山(shan)(shan)巒起伏,海(hai)拔800米(mi)以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)峰有(you)(you)(you)30多座,海(hai)拔1146米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雞(ji)枕山(shan)(shan),冬天時(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)冰雪,是(shi)廣(guang)(guang)州地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)可(ke)見雪景的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)將(jiang)分(fen)為(wei)核(he)心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、緩(huan)沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)核(he)心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位于保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部,包括陳禾(he)洞盆(pen)地(di)(di)和(he)(he)小(xiao)杉盆(pen)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)部分(fen)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di),森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統完(wan)整穩定,適宜多種植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)生(sheng)長,也(ye)(ye)是(shi)各種動物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棲息場(chang)所(suo)(suo)。核(he)心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)禁止(zhi)開(kai)展生(sheng)態(tai)旅(lv)游(you)(you)活(huo)(huo)動。緩(huan)沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)允許進(jin)行科研監測活(huo)(huo)動和(he)(he)標本采(cai)集活(huo)(huo)動,但也(ye)(ye)不(bu)開(kai)展生(sheng)態(tai)旅(lv)游(you)(you)活(huo)(huo)動。實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)則設(she)有(you)(you)(you)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)資源(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)地(di)(di)和(he)(he)異地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存(cun)基(ji)地(di)(di)、珍(zhen)(zhen)稀動物(wu)救護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)、科研科普(pu)教育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)和(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)經營地(di)(di)等。因此(ci),除了林(lin)(lin)海(hai)景觀(guan),參觀(guan)者還可(ke)在救護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)站內(nei)(nei)觀(guan)賞各種馴養繁育(yu)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)種類。陳禾(he)洞保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)維管植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)200科776屬1310種,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)1種,Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)9種,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀瀕(bin)危(wei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)12種。有(you)(you)(you)野生(sheng)動物(wu)83科31目219種,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)動物(wu)19種,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)瀕(bin)危(wei)動物(wu)紅皮書(1998年)確定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瀕(bin)危(wei)物(wu)種有(you)(you)(you)6種,國(guo)際(ji)公(gong)約保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)動物(wu)21種。既是(shi)廣(guang)(guang)州“母親河”———流溪河的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)之一,同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)世界目前較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)能電(dian)站———廣(guang)(guang)州抽水蓄(xu)能電(dian)站上、下水庫(ku)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)在地(di)(di)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)附(fu)(fu)近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)游(you)(you)配套設(she)施已(yi)經比較(jiao)完(wan)善(shan),四周公(gong)路四通八(ba)達,其(qi)所(suo)(suo)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呂田(tian)鎮主(zhu)要(yao)公(gong)路有(you)(you)(you)14條,105國(guo)道貫穿全境,京珠高速公(gong)路在附(fu)(fu)近(jin)鰲頭鎮設(she)有(you)(you)(you)出口。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)到新機場(chang)僅需要(yao)60分(fen)鐘(zhong)車程,到廣(guang)(guang)州火車站不(bu)足70分(fen)鐘(zhong)。