芒果视频

基本介紹

海(hai)淀鎮是中共海(hai)淀區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)委、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人大、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)政協、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)政府的(de)駐地，有法院、檢察(cha)院、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)武裝部、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)公(gong)安分局、教育(yu)局等四十余(yu)個區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)屬(shu)機關。這里有中學、小學、圖書城、圖書館、少年文化宮、醫院、銀(yin)行、商場(chang)、酒樓、寫(xie)字樓、電子市場(chang)等服務配套設施，海(hai)淀鎮成為海(hai)淀區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)政治、文化中心(xin)。

歷史沿革

元初，翰林(lin)學士王仲謀曾(ceng)受命從燕京去上(shang)都(dou)治(zhi)所(suo)(suo)開平府(fu)，將沿途(tu)道里(li)(li)風土(tu)記(ji)入《中(zhong)(zhong)堂事記(ji)》一書，其中(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)到(dao)海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。他寫道：“中(zhong)(zhong)統(tong)二(er)(er)年(nian)二(er)(er)月五日(ri)丙寅未刻，發自燕京，是夕，宿(su)通玄北郭。六日(ri)丁卯午，憩海(hai)(hai)(hai)店(dian)，距(ju)京城二(er)(er)十里(li)(li)。是晚(wan)，宿(su)南口新(xin)店(dian)，距(ju)海(hai)(hai)(hai)店(dian)七十里(li)(li)。”燕京，即金(jin)朝中(zhong)(zhong)都(dou)，其中(zhong)(zhong)心區在(zai)(zai)今宣武區廣安門一帶(dai)。王仲謀所(suo)(suo)記(ji)的(de)(de)行程、時(shi)(shi)間(jian)、里(li)(li)數(shu)和實際正(zheng)合。明萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)二(er)(er)十一年(nian)（1593）刻本出(chu)版的(de)(de)《宛署(shu)雜記(ji)》，記(ji)述：“海(hai)(hai)(hai)店(dian)……俱縱橫北海(hai)(hai)(hai)店(dian)之(zhi)(zhi)四(si)方，與昌平州地方犬(quan)牙。”稍后，《長安客話(hua)》云：“水(shui)所(suo)(suo)聚曰淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。高(gao)梁橋西(xi)北十里(li)(li)，平地有泉，彪(biao)灑四(si)出(chu)，淙汩草木之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，潴為(wei)小溪，凡(fan)數(shu)十處，北為(wei)北海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，南為(wei)南海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，遠(yuan)樹(shu)參差點，高(gao)下攢簇，間(jian)以(yi)水(shui)田，町塍相接，蓋(gai)神皋(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)佳麗，效居之(zhi)(zhi)勝選也(ye)。”書中(zhong)(zhong)還提(ti)到(dao)“北淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)一區，水(shui)曹郎米仲詔萬(wan)(wan)鐘新(xin)筑也(ye)，取(qu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一勺之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)”。詩(shi)人呂九玄做詩(shi)“元宵(xiao)疑向山(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)賞，海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)翻從席上(shang)涵”贊美勺園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。李(li)偉是明神宗(zong)朱翊(yi)鈞的(de)(de)外祖父，在(zai)(zai)北海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建造清華園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。沈德符在(zai)(zai)《萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)野獲編》中(zhong)(zhong)寫道：“海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)……有戚(qi)畹李(li)武清新(xin)構亭館，大樓百(bai)畝，穿池疊山(shan)所(suo)(suo)費已巨(ju)萬(wan)(wan)，尚屬經始(shi)耳(er)。”清季已降，自康熙以(yi)后，王公(gong)大臣(chen)在(zai)(zai)鎮中(zhong)(zhong)或附(fu)近建園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)構宅(zhai)。正(zheng)像(xiang)《天(tian)咫偶聞》書中(zhong)(zhong)描述的(de)(de)“朱門碧(bi)瓦，累棟連(lian)薨(hong)，與城中(zhong)(zhong)無(wu)異”。成為(wei)京西(xi)第(di)一大鎮。光(guang)緒(xu)二(er)(er)十六年(nian)（1900），八(ba)國(guo)聯(lian)軍侵占海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)“也(ye)是搶掠燒殺強(qiang)奸(jian)等等，無(wu)所(suo)(suo)不為(wei)”。日(ri)偽統(tong)治(zhi)時(shi)(shi)期又使得海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)得十分蕭條。1949年(nian)后，海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎮才得以(yi)復蘇，改革開放，海(hai)(hai)(hai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎮又有翻天(tian)覆地的(de)(de)變(bian)化。

從海淀(dian)(dian)(dian)胡(hu)同(tong)名稱看，大(da)致(zhi)可分(fen)為以(yi)(yi)(yi)下幾種歷(li)史淵源形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱：一系(xi)由(you)海淀(dian)(dian)(dian)歷(li)史上的(de)(de)(de)(de)沼澤地帶遺存形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)西(xi)上坡、大(da)泡子、南海淀(dian)(dian)(dian)、北(bei)海淀(dian)(dian)(dian)、下洼(wa)子、龍鳳橋西(xi)岔(cha)、泄水(shui)湖、大(da)坑沿、大(da)河莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、銀(yin)絲溝、三角地、港溝；二是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)街(jie)(jie)巷形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)雙橋東、后馬路、西(xi)柵欄、西(xi)大(da)街(jie)(jie)、老虎洞、果子市(shi)、驢市(shi)口、絨線、南柵欄、南大(da)街(jie)(jie)、南小街(jie)(jie)；三是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)廟宇形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)娘娘廟、觀音閣、蘇公家(jia)廟；四是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)象征吉祥如(ru)意形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)金龍館(guan)、辛莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、前(qian)辛莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、永辛莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、善緣(yuan)橋、彩和坊、太(tai)(tai)平院、太(tai)(tai)平莊(zhuang)(zhuang)；五是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)清代軍機章京內(nei)外值盧形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)軍機處；六是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)井(jing)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)胡(hu)同(tong)，有雙井(jing)、楊家(jia)井(jing)、大(da)井(jing)、前(qian)官(guan)(guan)園、后官(guan)(guan)園；七(qi)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)皇室名義形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)燈籠庫(ku)、菜庫(ku)、買賣街(jie)(jie)、蘇州街(jie)(jie)、官(guan)(guan)用冰(bing)窖(jiao)；八是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)婦女賢(xian)孝(xiao)貞(zhen)節形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，有賢(xian)孝(xiao)牌；九(jiu)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)物形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)鶯(ying)房、南羊(yang)(yang)圈、北(bei)羊(yang)(yang)圈、獸醫樁(zhuang)；十是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)樹形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)槐(huai)樹街(jie)(jie)、榆樹林(lin)、桃林(lin)。總(zong)之，海淀(dian)(dian)(dian)鎮(zhen)歷(li)經七(qi)百四十年發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史滄桑，文(wen)化(hua)內(nei)涵(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沉(chen)積(ji)是(shi)(shi)十分(fen)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。