大(da)水(shui)溝(gou)(gou)西夏(xia)離(li)宮(gong)遺址(zhi)位于110國道北上平羅縣上廟鄉沿西側(ce)路口上行到賀蘭(lan)山(shan)大(da)水(shui)溝(gou)(gou)溝(gou)(gou)口。溝(gou)(gou)口右(you)側(ce)有一高66米(mi),底寬133.2米(mi)的(de)(de)土(tu)筑平臺,當地(di)老(lao)百姓稱之為(wei)“穆(mu)桂英點將臺”。據專家(jia)考證為(wei)西夏(xia)時期李元昊離(li)宮(gong)遺址(zhi)。遺址(zhi)下方曾(ceng)多(duo)次出土(tu)過西夏(xia)窖藏錢(qian)幣(bi)和大(da)量的(de)(de)西夏(xia)磚、瓦(wa)等(deng)建筑構件。
山(shan)口1千(qian)米處(chu)有(you)保存基本(ben)完(wan)整的(de)明代長城。三公里處(chu)有(you)古(gu)寺廟遺址一處(chu)。稱“上廟”周圍多處(chu)發現有(you)古(gu)代游牧民族留下的(de)巖畫。溝口山(shan)泉常年不斷,兩岸山(shan)勢峻峭,山(shan)內林木蔥郁,空氣清新,是郊(jiao)游、登(deng)山(shan)的(de)好去處(chu)。
據(ju)史書(shu)記載(zai):李元昊登(deng)基稱帝后,除大(da)(da)規模(mo)擴建都(dou)城(cheng)興慶府(銀川市)外,還(huan)在賀(he)蘭(lan)山東麓大(da)(da)興土木,沿(yan)各個(ge)山口(kou)修建了大(da)(da)批離宮、寺院,有“綿延數(shu)百里”之說。經考古證明,賀(he)蘭(lan)山東麓由南(nan)向北的滾鐘口(kou)、黃旗口(kou)、拜(bai)寺口(kou)、大(da)(da)水(shui)溝口(kou)都(dou)有大(da)(da)量的西(xi)夏建筑遺址(zhi),其中(zhong)大(da)(da)水(shui)溝為西(xi)夏最大(da)(da)的離宮遺址(zhi)。
西夏離(li)宮遺址上(shang)有建(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)數十(shi)座,溝口南側,有建(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)十(shi)余(yu)座,其中最(zui)大的臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)長100余(yu)米(mi)(mi),前后寬(kuan)70余(yu)米(mi)(mi),高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)12米(mi)(mi)左右,最(zui)小的臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)長20余(yu)米(mi)(mi),前后寬(kuan)10米(mi)(mi),高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu) 地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)8米(mi)(mi),其余(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)高(gao)(gao)低不一,在(zai)(zai)5—15米(mi)(mi)左右。溝口北(bei)側有三(san)組(zu)(zu)(zu)建(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng):第(di)(di)一組(zu)(zu)(zu)建(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)上(shang)、下兩層(ceng)(ceng),下層(ceng)(ceng)南北(bei)長近100米(mi)(mi),高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)30米(mi)(mi);第(di)(di)二組(zu)(zu)(zu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位于第(di)(di)一組(zu)(zu)(zu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之北(bei),修筑(zhu)在(zai)(zai)沿(yan)山(shan)長200米(mi)(mi)的山(shan)坡(po)上(shang),自下而上(shang)共(gong)分四 層(ceng)(ceng),最(zui)上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)100米(mi)(mi)左右,每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)寬(kuan)60余(yu)米(mi)(mi);第(di)(di)三(san)組(zu)(zu)(zu)建(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位于第(di)(di)二組(zu)(zu)(zu)東北(bei),在(zai)(zai)沿(yan)山(shan)坡(po)500多米(mi)(mi)的地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方,修筑(zhu)建(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3處。所有臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)都(dou)較(jiao)平坦,其后端(duan)(duan)是將山(shan)坡(po)劈去,與(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)形成(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)角,前端(duan)(duan)則以(yi)塊(kuai)石(shi)砌成(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)壁,臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)(zai)兩側或正中砌有石(shi)階梯。臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)和附近有大量西夏時期的玻璃磚瓦(wa)、鴟吻、瓦(wa)當和滴(di)水等建(jian)筑(zhu)殘件(jian)等。此地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)還出(chu)(chu)土(tu)過西夏和宋代錢(qian)幣(bi)。