大(da)水溝(gou)西(xi)(xi)夏離宮遺址(zhi)(zhi)位于110國道北上(shang)(shang)平(ping)羅縣上(shang)(shang)廟鄉(xiang)沿西(xi)(xi)側(ce)路口(kou)上(shang)(shang)行到賀蘭山大(da)水溝(gou)溝(gou)口(kou)。溝(gou)口(kou)右(you)側(ce)有一(yi)高(gao)66米,底寬133.2米的土筑平(ping)臺(tai),當地老百姓(xing)稱之為(wei)“穆桂英點將(jiang)臺(tai)”。據專(zhuan)家考證為(wei)西(xi)(xi)夏時期李元(yuan)昊離宮遺址(zhi)(zhi)。遺址(zhi)(zhi)下方曾多(duo)次出土過西(xi)(xi)夏窖(jiao)藏錢幣和大(da)量的西(xi)(xi)夏磚、瓦等建筑構件(jian)。
山(shan)(shan)口1千米處(chu)有(you)保存基本(ben)完整(zheng)的明代長城。三公里處(chu)有(you)古(gu)(gu)寺廟(miao)遺址一處(chu)。稱(cheng)“上(shang)廟(miao)”周(zhou)圍多處(chu)發(fa)現有(you)古(gu)(gu)代游(you)牧民(min)族留下的巖(yan)畫。溝口山(shan)(shan)泉常年(nian)不(bu)斷(duan),兩岸(an)山(shan)(shan)勢峻峭,山(shan)(shan)內林(lin)木蔥郁,空氣清新,是郊(jiao)游(you)、登(deng)山(shan)(shan)的好去處(chu)。
據史書記載:李(li)元昊登(deng)基稱帝后,除大(da)(da)規(gui)模擴建都城興(xing)慶府(銀(yin)川(chuan)市)外,還(huan)在(zai)賀蘭山(shan)東(dong)麓大(da)(da)興(xing)土木,沿各個山(shan)口修建了大(da)(da)批離(li)宮(gong)、寺(si)院,有(you)“綿延數(shu)百里”之說。經考古(gu)證明,賀蘭山(shan)東(dong)麓由南向(xiang)北的滾鐘口、黃旗(qi)口、拜寺(si)口、大(da)(da)水溝口都有(you)大(da)(da)量的西夏建筑(zhu)遺址,其中大(da)(da)水溝為(wei)西夏最大(da)(da)的離(li)宮(gong)遺址。
西(xi)(xi)夏離宮(gong)遺址上有(you)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)數十座,溝口南(nan)側(ce),有(you)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)十余座,其(qi)中最(zui)大的臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)長100余米(mi),前(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)寬70余米(mi),高(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)12米(mi)左右,最(zui)小(xiao)的臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)長20余米(mi),前(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)寬10米(mi),高(gao)出(chu)(chu) 地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)8米(mi),其(qi)余臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)高(gao)低不一(yi),在(zai)5—15米(mi)左右。溝口北(bei)側(ce)有(you)三組(zu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)組(zu)成:第一(yi)組(zu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)上、下(xia)兩層(ceng),下(xia)層(ceng)南(nan)北(bei)長近100米(mi),高(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)30米(mi);第二組(zu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)位于(yu)(yu)第一(yi)組(zu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)北(bei),修(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)沿山長200米(mi)的山坡(po)上,自下(xia)而上共分四 層(ceng),最(zui)上層(ceng)高(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)100米(mi)左右,每層(ceng)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬60余米(mi);第三組(zu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)位于(yu)(yu)第二組(zu)東北(bei),在(zai)沿山坡(po)500多米(mi)的地(di)(di)(di)方,修(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)3處。所(suo)有(you)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)都較平(ping)坦(tan),其(qi)后(hou)(hou)端(duan)是將山坡(po)劈(pi)去(qu),與臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形成直角,前(qian)(qian)端(duan)則以(yi)塊石砌成直壁(bi),臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)兩側(ce)或正中砌有(you)石階梯(ti)。臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)上和附(fu)近有(you)大量西(xi)(xi)夏時期(qi)的玻璃(li)磚瓦(wa)、鴟吻、瓦(wa)當和滴水等建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)殘件等。此地(di)(di)(di)還出(chu)(chu)土過西(xi)(xi)夏和宋代錢幣(bi)。