王淑妃(?-947年(nian)),王氏,邠州人(ren),五(wu)代(dai)十國(guo)時期后(hou)唐第二位皇帝(di)后(hou)唐明宗李(li)嗣源的寵妃,也是五(wu)代(dai)第一美(mei)女。
王氏(shi)是邠州(zhou)人,其家(jia)里以賣餅為生(sheng)。王氏(shi)容貌俊美(mei),號稱(cheng)“花見羞”,年(nian)少時(shi)賣給后梁(liang)將領劉鄩(xin)(xin)家(jia)中當(dang)侍女。龍德三年(nian)(923年(nian)),劉鄩(xin)(xin)去(qu)世,王氏(shi)無處可歸。當(dang)時(shi),后唐(tang)明(ming)(ming)宗李(li)嗣(si)源的(de)夫(fu)人夏氏(shi)去(qu)世,正找適當(dang)的(de)人納為妾,有(you)人對(dui)安(an)重(zhong)誨(hui)講到(dao)(dao)王氏(shi),安(an)重(zhong)誨(hui)告訴(su)后唐(tang)明(ming)(ming)宗納她為妾。王氏(shi)得到(dao)(dao)劉鄩(xin)(xin)的(de)金銀很(hen)多,全(quan)部送(song)給后唐(tang)明(ming)(ming)宗左右及諸子婦人,人人都講王氏(shi)的(de)好話(hua),后唐(tang)明(ming)(ming)宗更加喜愛她。夫(fu)人曹氏(shi)為人簡單質樸,常常怕(pa)事,因(yin)此王氏(shi)專寵。
同光四年(926年),后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)繼位(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),商議(yi)立皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),曹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)當立,曹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說:“我多病,性情(qing)(qing)不(bu)耐煩(fan),妹應當代替(ti)我當。”王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說:“后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),帝(di)王(wang)(wang)的匹配,至(zhi)尊之位(wei)(wei),誰敢隨便代替(ti)呢?”于是(shi)立曹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)淑妃。王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)侍(shi)奉皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)曹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)謹慎,每次后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)早晨(chen)起(qi)來洗漱穿衣都(dou)是(shi)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服侍(shi)左右(you)。罷朝,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)與曹皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)吃飯,王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)侍(shi)奉左右(you),食畢才退,從(cong)(cong)(cong)不(bu)懈怠。曹皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)心里也非常喜(xi)歡(huan)她(ta)。然(ran)而宮中的事都(dou)由(you)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)做主。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)病重,王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與宦官(guan)孟漢瓊左右(you)侍(shi)奉,日益(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)專權(quan),殺害安重誨(hui)、秦王(wang)(wang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)都(dou)有參與。劉鄩幾個(ge)兒子(zi)都(dou)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的幫(bang)助而封官(guan)拜爵。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)愍帝(di)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)厚即位(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),尊曹皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)妃。起(qi)初,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)宮有生兒子(zi)的,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)讓(rang)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)收養(yang),這便是(shi)許王(wang)(wang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乳(ru)母司衣王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),見后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)已老(lao)而李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)掌握(wo)兵(bing)(bing)權(quan),想(xiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)自己日后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)打算,就說:“兒思秦王(wang)(wang)。”當時李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)已經(jing)四歲,又(you)教(jiao)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自己說要(yao)求見李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)就派她(ta)將李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)往(wang)來秦王(wang)(wang)府(fu)。就與李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)私通,李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)讓(rang)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)觀察(cha)宮中動(dong)靜。李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)已死,司衣王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)實際(ji)是(shi)用兵(bing)(bing)入宮保衛天子(zi),然(ran)而以反叛被誅,口出怨言。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)愍帝(di)聽說后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)怒(nu),賜死司衣王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),然(ran)而這事和太(tai)妃王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有牽連,因此不(bu)高興,想(xiang)把(ba)她(ta)遷到(dao)至(zhi)德(de)宮,因曹太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)和王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)來很(hen)好,怕(pa)傷(shang)害曹太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的感(gan)情(qing)(qing)而沒遷,但是(shi)待她(ta)很(hen)淡薄。
后(hou)唐廢(fei)(fei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)李(li)從珂(ke)即(ji)位,曾在(zai)妃院設宴,王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)舉酒杯(bei)說:“愿意辭別皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)去當尼姑。”后(hou)唐廢(fei)(fei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)驚(jing),問原因,王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)說:“小兒處偶然得(de)命,如果(guo)大(da)兒不容,那么(me)到死(si)的時候,有(you)啥臉(lian)面去見先帝(di)(di)(di)(di)?”說著哭了。后(hou)唐廢(fei)(fei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)也(ye)為她悲傷,待(dai)她很好。石敬瑭進攻京城,后(hou)唐廢(fei)(fei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)聚族準(zhun)備(bei)自焚。王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)對曹太(tai)后(hou)說:“事急了,應該回(hui)避,等候姑夫。”曹太(tai)后(hou)說:“我(wo)(wo)家到這種(zhong)地(di)步(bu),我(wo)(wo)不忍心一個人活著,你自己保重吧!”曹太(tai)后(hou)與后(hou)唐廢(fei)(fei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)自焚而(er)死(si),王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)與李(li)從益及其妹(mei)藏在(zai)鞠場內(nei)得(de)免(mian)死(si)。
后(hou)(hou)晉高祖(zu)石敬瑭即位,王氏自己請求當尼(ni)姑未成,遷到至(zhi)德宮(gong)(gong)住。后(hou)(hou)晉遷都(dou)(dou)到汴州(zhou),王氏母(mu)子都(dou)(dou)相隨,安(an)置宮(gong)(gong)中,后(hou)(hou)晉高祖(zu)皇后(hou)(hou)待她如母(mu)。天福四年(939年)九月(yue)十五日(ri),詔(zhao)(zhao)以郇(xun)國(guo)三千戶封(feng)李從益為(wei)郇(xun)國(guo)公,以奉后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)的祭(ji)祀,服色、旌旗(qi)都(dou)(dou)依照(zhao)后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)的舊制(zhi)。太常(chang)卿(qing)商(shang)議(yi)立后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)莊宗、后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)明宗、后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)愍帝三室,用至(zhi)德宮(gong)(gong)為(wei)廟;詔(zhao)(zhao)立后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)高祖(zu)、后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)太宗,為(wei)五廟,派李從益主持祠(ci)廟祭(ji)祀。
后晉出帝石重(zhong)貴即位后,王氏(shi)(shi)母(mu)(mu)子都回到(dao)洛(luo)陽。契丹進攻京城,趙延壽所娶后唐(tang)明宗(zong)公主已經死了(le),耶(ye)律德光就(jiu)為趙延壽娶李從(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)妹,稱永(yong)安(an)公主。永(yong)安(an)公主生母(mu)(mu)不(bu)知是(shi)(shi)誰,由王氏(shi)(shi)撫養長大,王氏(shi)(shi)到(dao)京城主持婚禮。耶(ye)律德光見到(dao)后唐(tang)明宗(zong)畫像,焚(fen)香禮拜,對王氏(shi)(shi)說:“明宗(zong)與我約為弟(di)兄,你是(shi)(shi)我嫂(sao)子。”不(bu)久欣然說:“現在是(shi)(shi)我妻了(le)。”就(jiu)用李從(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)為彰信軍(jun)節(jie)度(du)使(shi),李從(cong)(cong)益(yi)(yi)推辭不(bu)肯當官,和王氏(shi)(shi)都回到(dao)洛(luo)陽。
耶律德光(guang)北(bei)歸,留(liu)(liu)蕭翰守汴州。后漢(han)高祖劉知遠在太原(yuan)起兵,蕭翰想北(bei)去,就派人(ren)召李(li)從(cong)益(yi)把中原(yuan)委托給(gei)他。李(li)從(cong)益(yi)子母逃到(dao)(dao)徽(hui)陵去躲避使者,使者強迫他東來,讓李(li)從(cong)益(yi)權知南朝軍國事。李(li)從(cong)益(yi)坐崇元(yuan)殿(dian)(dian),蕭翰率(lv)契(qi)丹(dan)諸將拜殿(dian)(dian)上(shang),后晉群臣(chen)拜殿(dian)(dian)下。群臣(chen)入見王氏,王氏說:“我家(jia)母子孤弱,被翰強迫,這不是福(fu)呀!禍快到(dao)(dao)了!”才以王松、趙上(shang)交為左右丞相,李(li)式、翟光(guang)鄴為樞(shu)密(mi)使,燕(yan)將劉祚為侍(shi)衛親軍都指揮使。蕭翰留(liu)(liu)契(qi)丹(dan)兵一千人(ren)歸劉祚而北(bei)去。
后(hou)漢(han)(han)(han)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)率(lv)(lv)軍南下,李(li)從(cong)(cong)益(yi)派人召高(gao)(gao)行周(zhou)、武行德等人前(qian)去抵抗,高(gao)(gao)行周(zhou)等人都(dou)不到(dao),就與(yu)王(wang)松商議用燕兵閉(bi)城自守。王(wang)氏說(shuo)(shuo):“亡國之(zhi)后(hou),怎敢(gan)與(yu)別人爭天下?”立(li)即派人上(shang)書迎(ying)接后(hou)漢(han)(han)(han)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)。后(hou)漢(han)(han)(han)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)聽說(shuo)(shuo)他(ta)曾召高(gao)(gao)行周(zhou),不至,就派郭從(cong)(cong)義先(xian)率(lv)(lv)兵入京城殺王(wang)氏母(mu)子。王(wang)氏臨(lin)死大喊說(shuo)(shuo):“我家母(mu)子有(you)什(shen)么罪?為何不留下我兒子使他(ta)每年寒食節拿一盂飯酒到(dao)后(hou)唐明宗墳上(shang)祭祀。”聽見的(de)人都(dou)感到(dao)悲(bei)傷。李(li)從(cong)(cong)益(yi)死時年僅十七歲。后(hou)周(zhou)廣順元年(951年)四月,郭威追謚王(wang)氏為賢(xian)妃。
歐陽修等《新五代(dai)史》:有美色,號“花見羞”。
《新五代史·卷十(shi)五·唐明宗(zong)家人傳(chuan)第三》