主要保護(hu)對象為紅樹林(lin)濕(shi)地(di)、獼猴、鳥(niao)類及(ji)海島生態環境,是研究(jiu)濕(shi)地(di)生態系統、候鳥(niao)以及(ji)獼猴原生地(di)和發展史的(de)重要基地(di)。
淇澳紅樹林(lin)保護區(qu)內擁有(you)維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)165科(ke)470屬(shu)(shu)695種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)140科(ke)398屬(shu)(shu)556種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),栽培植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)65科(ke)106屬(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。在野生維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)19科(ke)28屬(shu)(shu)39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3科(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)118科(ke)367屬(shu)(shu)513種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅樹植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)達10科(ke)13屬(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現(xian)有(you)紅樹科(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的83.3%、86.7%和(he)(he)55.6%;半(ban)紅樹植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)達7科(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現(xian)有(you)半(ban)紅樹科(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的77.8%、90%和(he)(he)90%;紅樹林(lin)伴(ban)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)為11科(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)紅樹林(lin)伴(ban)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)科(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的73.3%、71.4%和(he)(he)68.2%。
擔桿(gan)島獼猴(hou)保護區內擁(yong)有維管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)438種(含9變(bian)種),分(fen)隸(li)(li)(li)320屬123科(ke)。其中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)22種,分(fen)隸(li)(li)(li)18屬17科(ke);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)7種,分(fen)隸(li)(li)(li)5屬5科(ke);雙子葉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)342種8變(bian)種,分(fen)隸(li)(li)(li)250屬86科(ke);單子葉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)58種1變(bian)種,分(fen)隸(li)(li)(li)47屬15科(ke)。屬國家3級重點(dian)保護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有土(tu)沉香、吊(diao)皮錐和白桂(gui)木三種。
淇(qi)澳島:區(qu)內擁有(you)底棲動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)103種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬5綱,14目48科;魚(yu)類(lei)90種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬10目,41科;陸(lu)生(sheng)脊椎野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)154種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含兩棲動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),爬(pa)行動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鳥類(lei)99種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),哺乳動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))隸屬25目,58科。屬國家重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(珍稀瀕危(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu))15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)廣東(dong)省(sheng)珍稀瀕危(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)總數(117種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))的12.8%,其中國家一級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),二級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
擔桿島:區內擁有野生動物(wu)85種(zhong),分(fen)隸(li)34科、19目。其(qi)中獸類10種(zhong);鳥(niao)類60種(zhong);爬行類10種(zhong);兩棲類5種(zhong)。屬國(guo)家1級(ji)(ji)重點保護(hu)動物(wu)有蟒蛇1種(zhong);國(guo)家2級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)動物(wu)獼猴、穿山甲(jia)、松雀鷹、雀鷹、鳶、褐(he)翅鴉鵑、長(chang)耳鸮和虎(hu)紋(wen)蛙等9種(zhong)。
淇(qi)澳(ao)島(dao)紅樹林自(zi)然保護區(qu),位于(yu)廣東(dong)(dong)省珠海(hai)市(shi)淇(qi)澳(ao)島(dao)西北(bei)部,地理位置居于(yu)東(dong)(dong)經(jing)113°36′40〞~113°39′15〞,北(bei)緯22°23′40〞~22°27′38〞之間,東(dong)(dong)南、西南與該島(dao)大澳(ao)圍、東(dong)(dong)涌、西涌、石井灣接壤,西北(bei)及東(dong)(dong)北(bei)與中山(shan)、深(shen)圳、香港隔海(hai)相望(wang),總(zong)面積5103.77公(gong)頃。
擔桿島(dao)自然(ran)保護(hu)區,位(wei)(wei)于(yu)珠江入(ru)海(hai)中,北距香(xiang)港、深圳分(fen)別為20km和(he)78km,西(xi)北距澳門、珠海(hai)分(fen)別為72km和(he)74km。地理位(wei)(wei)置在東經(jing)114°07′~114°19′,北緯21°58′~22°04′。包括(kuo)擔桿島(dao)、二洲島(dao),總(zong)面積2270公頃。
1989年11月,廣東(dong)省(sheng)人民政府批(pi)準建立擔桿(gan)島(dao)獼猴省(sheng)級自然保護(hu)區。
1990年6月,成立珠海市(shi)擔桿島獼(mi)猴保(bao)護區管理(li)站,由(you)市(shi)綠(lv)化委員會管理(li)。
2000年4月(yue),珠(zhu)海市(shi)人民政(zheng)府批準成(cheng)立“淇澳(ao)紅樹(shu)林保護區”,由淇澳(ao)管(guan)理區管(guan)理。
2002年2月(yue),市林(lin)業局(ju)正(zheng)式接(jie)(jie)管(guan)淇澳(ao)紅樹林(lin)保護(hu)(hu)區,擔桿島省級自然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)區由市野生動植物保護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)站接(jie)(jie)管(guan),盧(lu)海洋站長兼管(guan)全面工(gong)作。
2004年11月,廣東省(sheng)人(ren)民政(zheng)府批準(zhun)同意(yi)將淇澳島(dao)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)和擔桿島(dao)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)合并,建立“珠海淇澳—擔桿島(dao)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)”。
2006年1月,珠海(hai)淇澳—擔(dan)桿島(dao)省級自然保護(hu)區管理處籌建(jian)正式(shi)完(wan)成,并獨(du)立辦公。
珠海(hai)淇澳—擔桿(gan)島省級(ji)自然保護(hu)區與中(zhong)國林科(ke)(ke)院熱帶林業(ye)研究所合作申(shen)報(bao)的國家科(ke)(ke)技(ji)部農業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果轉化資金(jin)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)《紅樹(shu)林濕地植(zhi)被快速恢(hui)復技(ji)術應用示范(fan)》和(he)國家“十一五”科(ke)(ke)技(ji)攻(gong)關項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)專項(xiang)《華南沿海(hai)紅樹(shu)林保護(hu)與恢(hui)復重建技(ji)術試驗示范(fan)》最近已(yi)獲得國家科(ke)(ke)技(ji)部批(pi)準,項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)即將在淇澳島紅樹(shu)林保護(hu)區全面展開。