[英國]華茲華斯 顧子欣(xin) 譯(yi)
我好似一朵(duo)孤(gu)獨的流(liu)云，
高(gao)高(gao)地飄游(you)在山谷之上，
突然我看到一(yi)大(da)片鮮花，
是金色的水仙遍地開放。
它們開在(zai)湖畔，開在(zai)樹下
它們(men)隨風(feng)嬉舞(wu)，隨風(feng)飄蕩(dang)。
它們(men)密(mi)集如銀河的星星，
像群星在(zai)閃爍(shuo)一片晶瑩；
它們沿著海(hai)灣向前(qian)伸展，
通向(xiang)遠(yuan)方仿佛無窮無盡(jin)；
一眼看去就(jiu)有千朵萬朵，
萬花(hua)搖(yao)首舞得多么高(gao)興。
粼粼湖(hu)波(bo)也在近旁歡跳，
卻不知這水仙舞得輕俏；
詩人(ren)遇見(jian)這快樂(le)的伙伴，
又(you)怎能不感到歡欣雀躍；
我久久凝視--卻未能領悟
這(zhe)景象所帶給我的(de)精神(shen)至寶。
后來(lai)多少次我郁郁獨臥，
感到百無聊賴心靈空(kong)漠；
這景象便在腦(nao)海中(zhong)閃現，
多少次安慰過我的寂寞；
我的(de)心又隨水仙跳起(qi)舞來，
我的心又(you)重新充(chong)滿了歡樂。
詠水仙(xian) 又(you)譯為(wei) 我好似一朵流(liu)云獨自(zi)漫游
我獨自漫游，像(xiang)山谷上空(kong) 悠(you)悠(you)飄過的一朵云霓，驀然舉目，我望見一叢(cong) 金黃的水仙(xian)，繽紛茂密；在湖水之濱，樹(shu)蔭之下，正(zheng)隨(sui)風搖曳，舞(wu)姿瀟(xiao)灑。
連綿密(mi)布，似繁星萬點(dian) 在銀河上下閃爍明滅，這一片水仙，沿著湖灣 排成延續無(wu)盡的(de)行列；一眼便瞥見萬多(duo)千株(zhu)，搖(yao)顫著花冠(guan)，輕(qing)盈飄舞。
湖面的(de)漣(lian)漪也迎風起(qi)舞，水仙的(de)歡悅(yue)卻勝似漣(lian)漪；有了(le)這樣愉快的(de)伴侶，詩人(ren)怎能不心(xin)曠(kuang)神怡(yi)！我凝望(wang)多時，卻未曾想到 這美景給了(le)我怎樣的(de)珍寶。
從此，每(mei)當我倚榻(ta)而臥，或情懷抑郁，或心境茫然，水仙呵(he)，便(bian)在心目中閃爍——那是我孤寂時分的(de)樂園(yuan)；我的(de)心靈便(bian)歡情洋(yang)溢，和水仙一道舞踴不息。
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” was written by William Wordsworth, the representative poet of the early romanticism. As a great poet of nature, William Wordsworth was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phenomena. These sensations are universal and old but, once expressed in his poetry, become charmingly beautiful and new. His deep love for nature runs through short lyrics such as “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
The waves beside them danced; but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed --- and gazed --- but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” is a poem about nature. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. We follow the poet at every turn of his feelings. We share his melancholy when he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight the moment his heart “with pleasure fills ”. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.
Edgar Allan Poe once described poetry as “ music… combined with a pleasure idea”. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also makes great use of the “music ”of the language to achieve sound beauty in addition to convey meaning. He employs masculine rhyme in “a, b, a, b, c, c” pattern to receive emphasis as a musical effect. (e.g. “cloud” (a), “hills” (b), “crowd” (a), “daffodils” (b), “trees” (c), “breeze” (c) in stanza 1). He also achieves musical quality by the management of alliteration (e.g. “That floats on high o’er vales and hills” in line 2 and “Beside the lake, beneath the trees” in line 5) and assonance (e.g. “beneath the trees in line 5” and “ They stretched in never-ending line” in line 9) and consonance (e.g. “ vales and hills” in line 2 ). Besides the repetition of sounds, the poet also makes his poem a strong appeal for us in language that is rhythmical. He arranges his poem in lines of iambic tetrameter in the main with alternation of iambic trimeter.
( e.g. I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host, of golden daffodils
Beside the lake, beneath the trees
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze )
He slowed down the tempo in line 4 to keep in accordance with his bated breath the moment he glimpses at a host of golden daffodils thus convey to us the poet’s intoxication in the face of nature. With all these musical devices, Wordsworth secures a songlike effect of his poem in addition to communicate his emotion and meaning.
An old saying goes “There are pictures in poetry and poetry in pictures”. It finds its most eloquent examples in most of the Chinese Tang poems that present the readers with beautiful pictures. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also seeks to express his emotions by providing the sense impressions he has through imagery. He depicts a picture in which “a host of golden daffodils (visual imagery) fluttering and dancing in the breeze” (kinaesthetic imagery) so vividly that it appeals richly to our senses and to our imagination.
Wordsworth, in the poem, also employs figurative language to evoke not only the visual effect but also the emotional response. (e.g. in line 1, the poet makes a comparison between “I wandered lonely” and “a cloud” by the use of simile, thus convey to us his lonely and melancholy mood with the image of “cloud”. In line 7, he also amplifies the visual effect by the use of another simile “Continuous as the stars that shine…” to evoke our sense of “daffodils” with the image of “stars” twinkling on the milky way which is familiar to us all. He goes further to impress us with the image of countless daffodils with an overstatement in line 9 “They stretched in never-ending line”). Besides, natural things are also endowed with human being’s characters by the poet’s subtle use of personification. (e.g. “Tossing their heads in sprightly dance” “The waves beside them danced”) therefore, as we read the poem, we become aware of the poet’s deep love toward nature through his lovely and vivid description about natural things with his figurative language.
What’s more, Wordsworth goes further to communicate his emotion and meaning by his thoughtful tone. The choose of the word “lonely” in “I wandered lonely as a cloud” instead of other words like carefree, leisure or jolly convey to us the poet’s depression and disconsolateness at the very beginning. But as he catches sight of daffodils stretching as far as the eyes can see and finds himself in the midst of nature, his loneliness turns into relaxation and joy. Thus the shift of the poet’s mood from sadness to happiness manifests the theme --- the great influence of nature upon human being.
這首詩(shi)(shi)寫于詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)從(cong)法國(guo)回來不久。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)帶著對自(zi)由(you)的向往去(qu)了法國(guo)，參加一些革(ge)命(ming)活動。但(dan)法國(guo)革(ge)命(ming)沒有帶來預期(qi)的結(jie)果，隨之(zhi)而(er)來的是混亂。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)的失(shi)望(wang)和(he)受的打擊是可想而(er)知的，后(hou)來在(zai)他的朋友和(he)妹(mei)妹(mei)的幫助下，情(qing)緒才得以艱難地恢復。這首詩(shi)(shi)就寫于詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)的心情(qing)平靜之(zhi)后(hou)不久。
在詩(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)開(kai)頭，詩(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)將(jiang)自己比(bi)喻為一(yi)(yi)朵孤獨的(de)流(liu)云，孤單地在高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)天空(kong)飄(piao)蕩。孤傲的(de)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)發現一(yi)(yi)大片金色的(de)水(shui)仙(xian)，它們歡(huan)快地遍地開(kai)放。在詩(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)的(de)心中，水(shui)仙(xian)已經不是一(yi)(yi)種植物了(le)，而是一(yi)(yi)種象征(zheng)，代(dai)表了(le)一(yi)(yi)種靈魂，代(dai)表了(le)一(yi)(yi)種精神。
水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)很(hen)多，如天上的(de)(de)(de)星星，都在(zai)閃爍。水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)似乎是(shi)(shi)動的(de)(de)(de)，沿著(zhu)彎屈(qu)的(de)(de)(de)海岸線向前方(fang)伸展。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為有這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)伴而歡(huan)(huan)欣鼓舞、歡(huan)(huan)呼(hu)跳躍。在(zai)詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)心(xin)中，水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)代表(biao)了(le)自然的(de)(de)(de)精華，是(shi)(shi)自然心(xin)靈(ling)的(de)(de)(de)美妙(miao)表(biao)現(xian)(xian)。但是(shi)(shi)，歡(huan)(huan)快的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)并(bing)不能(neng)時(shi)時(shi)伴在(zai)詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)身邊(bian)，詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)離開了(le)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)，心(xin)中不時(shi)冒出(chu)憂郁(yu)孤(gu)寂(ji)的(de)(de)(de)情緒。這(zhe)時(shi)詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)寫出(chu)了(le)一種對社(she)會、世(shi)界的(de)(de)(de)感受(shou)：那(nei)高傲、純潔的(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)魂在(zai)現(xian)(xian)實的(de)(de)(de)世(shi)界只能(neng)郁(yu)郁(yu)寡歡(huan)(huan)。當(dang)然，詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)腦海深處會不時(shi)浮(fu)現(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)那(nei)美妙(miao)的(de)(de)(de)景象，這(zhe)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)雙情緒振奮，歡(huan)(huan)欣鼓舞。
詩歌的(de)(de)(de)基調是浪漫的(de)(de)(de)，同時(shi)帶著濃烈的(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)征主義色彩。可以說，詩人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)生(sheng)只(zhi)在自(zi)然(ran)中找到了寄托。
歲月靜好 
