陳黯(an),[唐](約805—877)字希(xi)儒,號昌晦,又自號場老。唐朝文學家。10歲能詩文,勤奮練筆,才思日增。13歲時,有(you)一清源(yuan)縣令譏陳面上(shang)有(you)痘(dou)(dou)瘢說:“小詩童,黑痘(dou)(dou)瘢,怪好看。”陳黯(an)即揮筆詩道(dao):“玳瑁(mao)應難(nan)比,斑(ban)犀(xi)定不(bu)(bu)加。天嫌(xian)未端正(zheng),滿(man)面與汝花。”意思是:龜類動物那漂亮的(de)(de)斑(ban)點比不(bu)(bu)上(shang)我(wo)痘(dou)(dou)瘢好看,犀(xi)牛那美(mei)麗的(de)(de)花斑(ban)也(ye)無法與我(wo)相比,上(shang)天惟恐我(wo)長得不(bu)(bu)夠端正(zheng)美(mei)麗,就用花朵妝飾我(wo)的(de)(de)臉部。機敏應變,聲名大(da)振。
泉州南(nan)安(an)人。生(sheng)(sheng)卒(zu)年(nian)均不(bu)詳,約(yue)唐懿宗(zong)咸(xian)通初前后在世。父早逝,事母甚孝。10歲能(neng)詩(shi),13歲拜見清源縣令時(shi),縣令嘲(chao)笑其臉(lian)有(you)痘瘢,立即(ji)賦(fu)詩(shi)自(zi)辯,“玳瑁應(ying)難(nan)比,斑犀定不(bu)加。天嫌未端正,滿面與妝花,”由此名(ming)(ming)聞鄉里。40歲后屢次(ci)赴京應(ying)試均名(ming)(ming)落孫山。老年(nian)潦倒,隱居(ju)金榜山麓。一生(sheng)(sheng)詩(shi)文(wen)(wen)甚多,但多散失。今見于《全(quan)唐文(wen)(wen)》有(you)《華心(xin)》等10篇(pian)文(wen)(wen)章。(新唐書(shu)藝文(wen)(wen)志(zhi)注(zhu)云(yun):昭宗(zong)時(shi)人。此依全(quan)唐詩(shi)小傳約(yue)算)會(hui)昌迄咸(xian)通間,(公(gong)元八四(si)一至八七(qi)三(san)年(nian))累舉不(bu)第(di)。其他事跡(ji)均不(bu)詳。黯著有(you)文(wen)(wen)集五卷(juan),(新唐書(shu)志(zhi)作三(san)卷(juan)。此從全(quan)唐詩(shi))傳于世。
位于廈(sha)門金榜山(shan)北(bei)面(mian)山(shan)腰的"玉(yu)笏"石下(xia)方,洞(dong)口朝北(bei),天(tian)然巖(yan)石倚(yi)疊而成。上覆巨石,長(chang)約(yue)20米,高(gao)約(yue)10米。室內(nei)最高(gao)處為(wei)4.5米。1995年(nian),廈(sha)門市政府(fu)撥款修葺,置陳黯(an)石雕坐像,并在(zai)洞(dong)口巨石上鐫刻"釣(diao)隱"2字。陳黯(an),唐末文士(shi)。系唐代徙居廈(sha)門島"南陳北(bei)薛"中陳氏家族(zu)名人之(zhi)一(yi)。該(gai)遺址(zhi)現為(wei)市級(ji)文物保護單位。
《代河湟父老奏(zou)》
臣(chen)(chen)等世籍漢(han)(han)民(min)也,雖地(di)沒戎(rong)虜(lu),而(er)常蓄歸心。時未(wei)(wei)可謀,則(ze)(ze)亻免亻黽偷生,既遭(zao)休(xiu)運,詎可緘(jian)默。伏思中(zhong)國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)患邊(bian)戎(rong),其(qi)(qi)來久(jiu)矣(yi)(yi)。唐虞夏殷(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian),則(ze)(ze)淳風未(wei)(wei)漓,夷夏自判。故(gu)干戈不(bu)(bu)(bu)興,事(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)宜(yi)矣(yi)(yi)。繇周以(yi)(yi)降(jiang),或侵或伐,無(wu)(wu)代無(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然則(ze)(ze)享國(guo)長(chang)久(jiu),君臣(chen)(chen)有(you)(you)謀,唯是其(qi)(qi)馀不(bu)(bu)(bu)足徵也。周漢(han)(han)討邊(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),臣(chen)(chen)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)(yi),請較而(er)論之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)為(wei)國(guo)朝比。且周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伐獫狁也。以(yi)(yi)斥逐為(wei)心,不(bu)(bu)(bu)常事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)進則(ze)(ze)遄(chuan)征,退則(ze)(ze)息兵。致其(qi)(qi)邊(bian)鄙(bi)無(wu)(wu)備,壁壘不(bu)(bu)(bu)營。此(ci)乃(nai)周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謀失(shi)於不(bu)(bu)(bu)固矣(yi)(yi)。漢(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)討匈奴也。乘時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豐,恃(shi)兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雄,深入窮荒,莫計遠邇。故(gu)雪山青(qing)海,皆(jie)為(wei)內封。其(qi)(qi)後財匱力(li)殫,厥功不(bu)(bu)(bu)就(jiu),遂交和(he)親之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好,自冫免帝屬,延法(fa)後時。斯(si)為(wei)漢(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謀失(shi)於太廣矣(yi)(yi)。唐有(you)(you)天(tian)下(xia),邁於周漢(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),一(yi)家(jia)其(qi)(qi)六合(he),一(yi)心其(qi)(qi)兆人。唯茲犬戎(rong),未(wei)(wei)能無(wu)(wu)患。當開元中(zhong),有(you)(you)將臣(chen)(chen)善於攻戰,振張皇威,殲殄丑虜(lu),自秦地(di)而(er)西(xi),有(you)(you)地(di)數千(qian)里,此(ci)則(ze)(ze)展拓周疆,翦裁漢(han)(han)域,所(suo)謂(wei)廣袤得(de)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)矣(yi)(yi)。其(qi)(qi)後國(guo)家(jia)以(yi)(yi)內寇時起,不(bu)(bu)(bu)遑西(xi)顧。其(qi)(qi)蕃戎(rong)伺隙,侵掠邊(bian)州,臣(chen)(chen)等由此(ci)家(jia)為(wei)虜(lu)有(you)(you)。然雖力(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)支而(er)心不(bu)(bu)(bu)離,故(gu)居(ju)河湟間,世相(xiang)為(wei)訓(xun),今尚傳留漢(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠裳。每歲時祭享,則(ze)(ze)必(bi)服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),示不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘漢(han)(han)儀,亦(yi)(yi)猶(you)越翼胡蹄,有(you)(you)巢嘶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異。噫(yi)!其(qi)(qi)怨慕也有(you)(you)是。
陛下新統寰區(qu),以慈仁化育,聞之(zhi)得不惻(ce)然(ran)而軫念(nian)乎!夫事有(you)可行(xing),勢有(you)必克,茍(gou)懈而不為,是失古(gu)人見幾(ji)之(zhi)義。今(jin)國(guo)家無(wu)事,三方底(di)寧,獨取(qu)邊(bian)(bian)陲,猶(you)反掌(zhang)耳。矧故老之(zhi)心(xin),觖(jue)望復然(ran),儻大兵(bing)一(yi)臨(lin),孰(shu)不面(mian)化。今(jin)陛下采臣之(zhi)言,則先選(xuan)良將(jiang)(jiang),不以前(qian)負勛(xun)業者(zhe)與更授節制(zhi)者(zhe)為之(zhi)。何者(zhe)?彼(bi)(bi)功崇矣,彼(bi)(bi)位極矣,復將(jiang)(jiang)悉力(li)營之(zhi)哉!以此臨(lin)事,必多(duo)自(zi)顧。愿陛下詔班行(xing)之(zhi)中(zhong),器(qi)識有(you)殊,籌畫(hua)可用者(zhe),逾一(yi)資一(yi)級,授鉞將(jiang)(jiang)兵(bing),俟見功庸,而後(hou)國(guo)之(zhi)爵賞(shang)。必能(neng)摧兇破敵(di),無(wu)所愛矣。戎翟者(zhe),亦天地間之(zhi)一(yi)氣耳,不可盡滅(mie),可以斥逐之(zhi),伊(yi)周(zhou)漢(han)之(zhi)事,如前(qian)所陳。今(jin)之(zhi)所取(qu),愿止於國(guo)朝(chao)已來所沒秦渭之(zhi)西故地,朗畫(hua)疆域(yu),牢為備御,然(ran)後(hou)辟邊(bian)(bian)田,飽士卒,可以為永(yong)遠之(zhi)謀(mou),迥(jiong)出周(zhou)漢(han)之(zhi)右。則臣得棄戎即華,世世子孫無(wu)流離之(zhi)苦。生死(si)幸(xing)甚!