《清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)(jing)》,全稱《太(tai)上(shang)老(lao)君(jun)(jun)說常(chang)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)(jing)》。一卷。作(zuo)者不詳,是道(dao)教煉(lian)養術重要資料之(zhi)(zhi)一。道(dao)教稱老(lao)君(jun)(jun)西游龜臺(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)時,為(wei)(wei)西王母說常(chang)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)(jing)。后經(jing)(jing)仙人轉(zhuan)傳,為(wei)(wei)葛玄(xuan)所得,筆錄而傳之(zhi)(zhi)于世。即葛玄(xuan)曰:“吾昔受(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)于東華帝君(jun)(jun),東華帝君(jun)(jun)受(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)于金闕帝君(jun)(jun),金闕帝君(jun)(jun)受(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)于西王母。西王母皆口口相傳,不記文字,吾今于世書而錄之(zhi)(zhi)。”因而《清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)(jing)》被認(ren)為(wei)(wei)是三國時葛玄(xuan)依托之(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)。
老君曰(yue):大道(dao)無(wu)形,生育(yu)天(tian)地(di);大道(dao)無(wu)情,運(yun)行日月;大道(dao)無(wu)名(ming)(ming),長養萬物;吾不知其名(ming)(ming),強(qiang)名(ming)(ming)曰(yue)道(dao)。夫道(dao)者(zhe):有(you)清(qing)(qing)有(you)濁,有(you)動(dong)有(you)靜(jing)(jing);天(tian)清(qing)(qing)地(di)濁,天(tian)動(dong)地(di)靜(jing)(jing);男清(qing)(qing)女(nv)濁,男動(dong)女(nv)靜(jing)(jing);降本流末,而生萬物。清(qing)(qing)者(zhe),濁之源,動(dong)者(zhe),靜(jing)(jing)之基;人能常清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing),天(tian)地(di)悉皆歸。
夫(fu)人神好(hao)清(qing),而(er)心(xin)(xin)擾之;人心(xin)(xin)好(hao)靜(jing)(jing),而(er)欲牽之。常能(neng)遣其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)欲,而(er)心(xin)(xin)自靜(jing)(jing);澄其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin),而(er)神自清(qing);自然六欲不生,三毒消滅。所(suo)以不能(neng)者(zhe)(zhe),為(wei)心(xin)(xin)未澄,欲未遣也;能(neng)遣之者(zhe)(zhe):內觀(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin),心(xin)(xin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin);外觀(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形,形無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形;遠(yuan)觀(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu),物(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu);三者(zhe)(zhe)既悟,唯見於(wu)空。觀(guan)空亦空,空無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)空;所(suo)空既無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)亦無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu);無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)既無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),湛然常寂(ji)。寂(ji)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)寂(ji),欲豈能(neng)生;欲既不生,即是(shi)真(zhen)靜(jing)(jing)。真(zhen)常應物(wu),真(zhen)常得性;常應常靜(jing)(jing),常清(qing)靜(jing)(jing)矣。如此清(qing)靜(jing)(jing),漸(jian)入(ru)真(zhen)道;既入(ru)真(zhen)道,名為(wei)得道;雖名得道,實無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)得;為(wei)化眾(zhong)生,名為(wei)得道;能(neng)悟之者(zhe)(zhe),可傳(chuan)圣(sheng)道。
老君曰:上(shang)(shang)士(shi)無爭,下士(shi)好爭;上(shang)(shang)德(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de),下德(de)執(zhi)德(de);執(zhi)著(zhu)之者,不(bu)(bu)(bu)名道(dao)(dao)德(de)。眾(zhong)生所以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)者,為有妄心;既(ji)(ji)(ji)有妄心,即(ji)驚其神;既(ji)(ji)(ji)驚其神,即(ji)著(zhu)萬(wan)物(wu);既(ji)(ji)(ji)著(zhu)萬(wan)物(wu),即(ji)生貪求;既(ji)(ji)(ji)生貪求,即(ji)是煩惱(nao);煩惱(nao)妄想,憂苦(ku)身心;便遭濁辱(ru),流浪生死;常沉(chen)苦(ku)海,永失真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)。真(zhen)常之道(dao)(dao),悟者自得;得悟道(dao)(dao)者,常清靜矣!
仙人葛玄曰:吾得(de)真(zhen)道,曾誦(song)此經萬遍。此經是天(tian)人所習(xi),不(bu)傳下士(shi)(shi)。吾昔(xi)受之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)東華帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun)(jun),東華帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun)(jun)受之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)金(jin)闕帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun)(jun),金(jin)闕帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun)(jun)受之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)西王(wang)母(mu),西王(wang)母(mu)皆(jie)口口相傳,不(bu)記文字。吾今於(wu)世,書而錄(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)。上(shang)士(shi)(shi)悟之(zhi)(zhi),升(sheng)為天(tian)官(guan);中士(shi)(shi)修之(zhi)(zhi),南(nan)宮(gong)列仙;下士(shi)(shi)得(de)之(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)世長年。游行三界,升(sheng)入(ru)金(jin)門(men)。
左玄真人曰:學道(dao)之士,持(chi)誦此經者,即得十(shi)天善神,擁(yong)護(hu)其身 [6] 。然後玉符(fu)保神,金液煉形(xing)。形(xing)神俱(ju)妙,與道(dao)合(he)真。
正(zheng)一(yi)真人(ren)曰(yue):人(ren)家有此經,悟解之者,災障不干,眾圣護門(men)。神升上界(jie),朝拜高(gao)真。功滿德就,相(xiang)感帝君(jun)。誦(song)持不退(tui),身騰紫云(yun)。
(1)太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)說(shuo)常(chang)(chang)清靜(jing)(jing)(jing)經:全稱(cheng)《太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)說(shuo)常(chang)(chang)清靜(jing)(jing)(jing)妙經》,或《太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)說(shuo)常(chang)(chang)清靜(jing)(jing)(jing)真經》,又稱(cheng)《太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)混(hun)元上(shang)(shang)(shang)德皇帝說(shuo)常(chang)(chang)清靜(jing)(jing)(jing)經》,簡(jian)稱(cheng)《清靜(jing)(jing)(jing)經》、《常(chang)(chang)清靜(jing)(jing)(jing)經》。作者不詳(xiang)。此(ci)經主要闡述“如何(he)清靜(jing)(jing)(jing),漸入真道(dao)”。“太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)”,道(dao)教徒對“老(lao)(lao)(lao)子”的尊(zun)稱(cheng)。“太(tai)(tai)(tai)”為大之意,“上(shang)(shang)(shang)”為尊(zun)之意;高真莫先(xian)眾(zhong)圣共尊(zun),“太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)”系(xi)道(dao)門(men)最高之辭,用以(yi)稱(cheng)呼其神仙體系(xi)中品位(wei)極高之神,故為宗(zong)祖(zu),太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)是(shi)大道(dao)的另一尊(zun)號,太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)就(jiu)是(shi)道(dao),道(dao)就(jiu)是(shi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)。
老(lao)(lao)即壽,君(jun)(jun)是(shi)尊(zun)號,道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)德極,所以稱為(wei)君(jun)(jun)。說明老(lao)(lao)君(jun)(jun)為(wei)眾圣(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)祖,真神之(zhi)(zhi)宗(zong)。一(yi)切萬物,莫不(bu)皆因老(lao)(lao)君(jun)(jun)所制,故為(wei)宗(zong)祖也。常(chang)(chang)為(wei)恒也。清(qing)(qing)(qing)為(wei)元,靜為(wei)炁,經(jing)(jing)為(wei)法(fa)。一(yi)則為(wei)圣(sheng)人之(zhi)(zhi)徑路,二則為(wei)神仙的梯凳。凡學道(dao)(dao)的人,都因經(jing)(jing)戒而(er)成(cheng)真圣(sheng)。圣(sheng)人沒有(you)不(bu)借(jie)經(jing)(jing)而(er)成(cheng)為(wei)圣(sheng)人,不(bu)憑借(jie)元炁而(er)成(cheng)道(dao)(dao)的。《清(qing)(qing)(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》在(zai)(zai)道(dao)(dao)教中占有(you)重要的位置,歷來為(wei)此作注者眾多。《玄門日誦早晚功課經(jing)(jing)》把《清(qing)(qing)(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》放在(zai)(zai)眾經(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)首,每(mei)(mei)日持誦,可知(zhi)該經(jing)(jing)是(shi)道(dao)(dao)教徒修持的一(yi)部非常(chang)(chang)重要的上乘(cheng)經(jing)(jing)典。每(mei)(mei)每(mei)(mei)朗(lang)誦此經(jing)(jing)“夫人神好清(qing)(qing)(qing),而(er)心(xin)(xin)(xin)擾(rao)之(zhi)(zhi);人心(xin)(xin)(xin)好靜,而(er)欲(yu)牽之(zhi)(zhi)”。“遣其欲(yu)而(er)心(xin)(xin)(xin)自(zi)靜,澄其心(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)神自(zi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)”。自(zi)然而(er)然就能(neng)“清(qing)(qing)(qing)靜”、“漸入真道(dao)(dao)”。
(2)老(lao)君曰:大(da)(da)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)無形,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育天(tian)地:老(lao)君,太(tai)上老(lao)君的簡(jian)稱。曰,稱、說(shuo)。大(da)(da)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是至高無上的,是在(zai)沒有(you)天(tian)地之前(qian),有(you)一個沒有(you)形狀(zhuang)的最高能源,《道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)德經》中說(shuo)她(ta)(ta)(ta)“獨立而(er)不(bu)改,周(zhou)行而(er)不(bu)殆”。世(shi)間萬(wan)(wan)(wan)物都(dou)是由她(ta)(ta)(ta)所生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。《道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)德經》中說(shuo):“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一,一生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)二,二生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三(san)。三(san)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)物。”因天(tian)地萬(wan)(wan)(wan)物皆為(wei)(wei)“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”的化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),故(gu)注(zhu)稱“大(da)(da)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”。她(ta)(ta)(ta)是不(bu)可名狀(zhuang)之物,而(er)又大(da)(da)而(er)無外(wai),小而(er)無內,杳杳冥冥,其中有(you)精,混混沌沌,分為(wei)(wei)陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang)。無形,視之不(bu)見。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育,育,養(yang)育,長(chang)養(yang)陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang),所以叫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育,陽(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)清(qing),上升為(wei)(wei)天(tian),陰(yin)為(wei)(wei)濁,下降為(wei)(wei)地,此言大(da)(da)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是永恒不(bu)滅的,天(tian)地萬(wan)(wan)(wan)物,都(dou)是從她(ta)(ta)(ta)而(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),由她(ta)(ta)(ta)所養(yang),最后由她(ta)(ta)(ta)化(hua)解,她(ta)(ta)(ta)是萬(wan)(wan)(wan)有(you)之源,萬(wan)(wan)(wan)化(hua)之本。所以說(shuo)她(ta)(ta)(ta)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育天(tian)地。
(3)大道(dao)無情(qing)(qing),運(yun)行日月:大道(dao),至高無上,極尊至貴的(de)(de)道(dao)。無情(qing)(qing),沒(mei)有(you)偏愛及私情(qing)(qing)。運(yun)行,旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)行,此(ci)處指化生(sheng)萬物。日月,指日月星辰及世間萬物。此(ci)句言人有(you)喜(xi)、怒、哀、樂等表現,都是(shi)從一(yi)個(ge)“情(qing)(qing)”字(zi)中(zhong)而來,然而不可名狀的(de)(de)大道(dao),雖然萬物都在她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)包容之中(zhong),但她(ta)(ta)則是(shi)一(yi)視同仁,沒(mei)有(you)半點偏愛和私護,在大宇宙中(zhong)旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)行,沒(mei)有(you)止(zhi)息,也沒(mei)有(you)偏差(cha),試想這種充沛的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)及行為,是(shi)誰給她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)呢?那就(jiu)是(shi)沒(mei)有(you)一(yi)分一(yi)毫(hao)私情(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)大道(dao)。
(4)大(da)(da)道(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),長(chang)養(yang)萬(wan)物(wu):無(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),是指(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)形(xing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)象(xiang)的(de)混(hun)元大(da)(da)道(dao),因無(wu)(wu)(wu)形(xing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)象(xiang),所以叫無(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。《道(dao)德經(jing)》云(yun):“道(dao)常無(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。”無(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)指(zhi)(zhi)有功而(er)(er)不為名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)意思。《道(dao)德經(jing)》又(you)云(yun):“大(da)(da)道(dao)泛兮(xi),其可左右。萬(wan)物(wu)恃(shi)之(zhi)以生(sheng)而(er)(er)不辭,功成而(er)(er)不有。”不有指(zhi)(zhi)不為已(yi)有,也是指(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)意。長(chang)養(yang),生(sheng)長(chang)養(yang)育。萬(wan)物(wu),指(zhi)(zhi)世間萬(wan)事萬(wan)物(wu)。此(ci)句(ju)言大(da)(da)道(dao)自生(sheng)萬(wan)事萬(wan)物(wu)而(er)(er)不為已(yi)有的(de)博大(da)(da)胸(xiong)懷(huai)和無(wu)(wu)(wu)私。
(5)吾(wu)(wu)不知其名(ming),強名(ming)曰道(dao):吾(wu)(wu),即我。不知其名(ming),不知道(dao)她的(de)名(ming)稱,如何稱謂她。強名(ming),勉(mian)強稱名(ming)。此(ci)句(ju)言大道(dao)是萬(wan)事萬(wan)物產(chan)生、發展、滅亡的(de)根源(yuan),就連太上(shang)老(lao)君都不知道(dao)怎(zen)么(me)稱呼她,給她定稱,就勉(mian)強稱之為“道(dao)”。《道(dao)德經》云:“有物混成(cheng),先天(tian)地生。寂兮寥兮,獨立(li)而不改,周行而不殆。可以為天(tian)下(xia)母。吾(wu)(wu)不知其名(ming),字(zi)之曰道(dao)。”
此段總的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)講,太上老君(jun)教人(ren)知道(dao)什么是(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)事萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)根源,她(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)形(xing)(xing)狀、沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)情(qing)(qing)欲、沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)名(ming)字(zi)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)道(dao)之體(ti)(ti),她(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)天(tian)(tian)地(di)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)作(zuo)長養的(de)(de)(de)惟(wei)一(yi)(yi)操(cao)作(zuo)者(zhe)。沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)她(ta)(ta)(ta),世界將(jiang)毫(hao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生機可(ke)(ke)言,凡是(shi)有(you)(you)(you)智慧(hui)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)士,應當觀察她(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)永(yong)恒常存,向她(ta)(ta)(ta)學習(xi)。一(yi)(yi)要(yao)(yao)學習(xi)她(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)形(xing)(xing)。“外其身(shen)(shen)而身(shen)(shen)修,忘其形(xing)(xing)而形(xing)(xing)存”。“吾(wu)(wu)所以有(you)(you)(you)大(da)患(huan)者(zhe),為吾(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)身(shen)(shen),及吾(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)身(shen)(shen),吾(wu)(wu)又(you)何患(huan)”。二要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)情(qing)(qing),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)情(qing)(qing)就(jiu)是(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)念(nian),就(jiu)是(shi)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)七情(qing)(qing)六欲,心(xin)地(di)才(cai)能(neng)清(qing)靜,本性(xing)才(cai)能(neng)永(yong)住。第(di)三要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)事萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)都是(shi)從無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)中生出,修行的(de)(de)(de)人(ren),如果能(neng)做(zuo)到(dao)舍去有(you)(you)(you)形(xing)(xing)之身(shen)(shen),忘掉肉體(ti)(ti)之我(wo),即是(shi)大(da)道(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)形(xing)(xing)之功;能(neng)做(zuo)到(dao)一(yi)(yi)念(nian)不動,心(xin)地(di)圓滿無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)缺(que),即是(shi)大(da)道(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)情(qing)(qing)之功。能(neng)做(zuo)到(dao)這些,在你的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)海中無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)可(ke)(ke)思,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)事可(ke)(ke)言。達到(dao)不可(ke)(ke)名(ming)狀的(de)(de)(de)元始先天(tian)(tian)境界,即有(you)(you)(you)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)道(dao)之體(ti)(ti)了,到(dao)此則萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)福并致(zhi),圓滿無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)缺(que),常此先天(tian)(tian)大(da)道(dao)必然有(you)(you)(you)成了。
(6)夫道(dao)者(zhe),有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)有(you)(you)(you)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),有(you)(you)(you)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。天(tian)清(qing)(qing)地(di)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),天(tian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。男(nan)清(qing)(qing)女(nv)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),男(nan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)女(nv)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。降本流末(mo),而生萬物:夫,發(fa)語(yu)詞。清(qing)(qing)為(wei)天(tian),正陽(yang)之(zhi)炁(qi),上升為(wei)天(tian)。濁(zhuo)(zhuo)為(wei)地(di),正陰之(zhi)炁(qi),下結為(wei)地(di)。有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)有(you)(you)(you)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)清(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),如宇宙(zhou)中有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)水就有(you)(you)(you)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)水一(yi)樣。動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)態。靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)態。有(you)(you)(you)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。天(tian)清(qing)(qing),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)而清(qing)(qing)。地(di)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)凝而濁(zhuo)(zhuo)。天(tian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)地(di)有(you)(you)(you)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。男(nan)清(qing)(qing),男(nan)子有(you)(you)(you)神炁(qi)之(zhi)清(qing)(qing)。女(nv)濁(zhuo)(zhuo),女(nv)子有(you)(you)(you)敗血之(zhi)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)。男(nan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),男(nan)子好(hao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。女(nv)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),女(nv)子好(hao)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。降本,歸于(yu)根本。流末(mo),返(fan)于(yu)末(mo)端。此句說:道(dao)分清(qing)(qing)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)喻(yu),男(nan)女(nv)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)機(ji),清(qing)(qing)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)理,男(nan)女(nv)清(qing)(qing)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)之(zhi)用(yong),動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)機(ji),萬物本末(mo)之(zhi)由。
(7)清者濁(zhuo)之(zhi)源(yuan),動者靜之(zhi)基(ji)(ji):源(yuan),源(yuan)頭。基(ji)(ji),基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)、根本。清者濁(zhuo)之(zhi)源(yuan),動者靜之(zhi)基(ji)(ji),指清、濁(zhuo)、動、靜乃相對之(zhi)態,有(you)晴天(tian)就(jiu)有(you)陰天(tian),有(you)生(sheng)就(jiu)有(you)死,兩者相互轉化的運動,才有(you)生(sheng)生(sheng)不(bu)息的大道運行。
(8)人能(neng)常(chang)清靜(jing),天地悉(xi)皆歸(gui)(gui)(gui):此句言(yan)學仙之人,能(neng)堅守于至道,一切(qie)萬物自然歸(gui)(gui)(gui)之。經云:“江河(he)淮海,非欲于魚鱉(bie)蛟(jiao)龍,魚鱉(bie)蛟(jiao)龍自來(lai)歸(gui)(gui)(gui)之。人能(neng)清虛寡欲,無為(wei)非于至道,至道自來(lai)歸(gui)(gui)(gui)之于人。但(dan)能(neng)守太(tai)和元炁(qi),體道合(he)真,萬物悉(xi)歸(gui)(gui)(gui)耳。”
此段總述了,所謂大(da)(da)道(dao)的造化,乃(nai)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)道(dao)中(zhong)自(zi)然(ran)而(er)然(ran)大(da)(da)道(dao)無(wu)形的運作,絲毫沒(mei)有一點自(zi)私的作為(wei)(wei),這樣(yang)才能(neng)做到(dao)“大(da)(da)道(dao)之(zhi)行(xing)也(ye),天(tian)下(xia)為(wei)(wei)公(gong)”的境(jing)界。清、濁、動(dong)、靜(jing)、天(tian)、地、男(nan)、女,萬事(shi)萬物(wu)的生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)化化,由本到(dao)末的運行(xing),永不(bu)停(ting)止,人在其(qi)境(jing),如(ru)果迷于(yu)其(qi)中(zhong),隨(sui)波逐流(liu),便(bian)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)死流(liu)浪!如(ru)果放下(xia)身心(xin),合于(yu)大(da)(da)道(dao)的清靜(jing)無(wu)為(wei)(wei),便(bian)是(shi)(shi)道(dao)德崇高的人了。
(9)夫人神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)好(hao)清(qing),而(er)心(xin)擾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);人心(xin)好(hao)靜(jing),而(er)欲牽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),此(ci)處(chu)指人的元(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)本性,來自無極中的真陽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靈(ling)(ling)。心(xin),元(yuan)炁結成的東西,圣人云(yun):“聲色不(bu)(bu)(bu)止(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing),思慮不(bu)(bu)(bu)止(zhi)心(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)寧,心(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)寧兮(xi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)靈(ling)(ling),神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)寧兮(xi)道不(bu)(bu)(bu)成。”七情六欲,是(shi)(shi)識神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)著了外(wai)境而(er)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貪念(nian),元(yuan)炁所結成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),本來也是(shi)(shi)好(hao)靜(jing),但貪欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)念(nian)一起,牽動一心(xin),就不(bu)(bu)(bu)再平靜(jing)了。此(ci)句言(yan)人的心(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)本來清(qing)靜(jing),都是(shi)(shi)因世欲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事干擾,而(er)使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing)靜(jing)。
(10)常能(neng)遣其欲(yu),而(er)心(xin)自靜,澄(cheng)其心(xin)而(er)神自清:遣,去(qu)除。澄(cheng),澄(cheng)清。此句言人能(neng)去(qu)除七情六(liu)欲(yu),內守元和(he)自然(ran)之炁,內心(xin)自然(ran)而(er)然(ran)就會安靜,七情六(liu)欲(yu)就不能(neng)存(cun)在。古仙云:“欲(yu)從心(xin)起,息從心(xin)定(ding),心(xin)息相依,息調(diao)心(xin)靜。”
(11)自然(ran)(ran)六欲(yu)不(bu)生,三毒消(xiao)滅(mie):六欲(yu),指六根,六根指眼、耳(er)、口、鼻(bi)、心(xin)、意。欲(yu),染著之(zhi)貌(mao),情愛之(zhi)喻(yu)。觀境而(er)染,謂(wei)之(zhi)欲(yu)。所(suo)以眼見耳(er)聞,意知(zhi)心(xin)覺。世(shi)上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)人如果能斷其(qi)(qi)情,去其(qi)(qi)欲(yu),澄(cheng)其(qi)(qi)心(xin),忘(wang)其(qi)(qi)慮,而(er)安其(qi)(qi)神(shen),那么六欲(yu)自然(ran)(ran)而(er)然(ran)(ran)就會消(xiao)滅(mie)不(bu)能存在。三毒為三尸(shi)(shi),上(shang)(shang)尸(shi)(shi)彭(peng)琚、中尸(shi)(shi)彭(peng)瓚、下尸(shi)(shi)彭(peng)矯。上(shang)(shang)尸(shi)(shi)好華飾,中尸(shi)(shi)好滋味(wei),下尸(shi)(shi)好淫(yin)(yin)欲(yu)。人若能斷其(qi)(qi)華飾,遠離滋味(wei),絕其(qi)(qi)淫(yin)(yin)欲(yu),去此三事,就能使毒消(xiao)滅(mie),三毒既滅(mie),就能神(shen)如炁暢,自然(ran)(ran)清(qing)靜(jing)。
(12)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)者,為心(xin)未澄(cheng)(cheng),欲未遣(qian)也:所(suo)(suo)以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)者,所(suo)(suo)以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)夠(gou)做到的,指(zhi)人心(xin)被名利、聲色、滋味等所(suo)(suo)動,性亂情(qing)惑。為心(xin)未澄(cheng)(cheng),指(zhi)心(xin)不(bu)能(neng)澄(cheng)(cheng)清。欲未遣(qian)也,指(zhi)欲不(bu)能(neng)去除。此句言人心(xin)迷惑未斷,心(xin)有(you)所(suo)(suo)染,不(bu)能(neng)窮盡(jin)妙理。
(13)能遣之者,內觀(guan)其心,心無(wu)其心:人能斷情(qing)、絕貪、去欲,即無(wu)三毒之害,使心處(chu)于形內,不(bu)能夠從外形上看到心內世界,心無(wu)其心。即無(wu)心可觀(guan),無(wu)心可觀(guan)則無(wu)所用(yong),無(wu)所修。就達到清(qing)靜之道了。
(14)外觀(guan)其(qi)(qi)形(xing)(xing),形(xing)(xing)無(wu)其(qi)(qi)形(xing)(xing):形(xing)(xing)由(you)心(xin)(xin)主宰,心(xin)(xin)由(you)形(xing)(xing)表現出來(lai)。形(xing)(xing)無(wu)主就不(bu)(bu)能(neng)安(an)靜(jing),心(xin)(xin)沒有(you)形(xing)(xing)表現出來(lai)就不(bu)(bu)存在,心(xin)(xin)處于內,形(xing)(xing)見于外,內外相承(cheng),不(bu)(bu)可相離。凡夫但知(zhi)矜貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)此身(shen), 而(er)惡(e)(e)大患(huan),不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)大患(huan)即是(shi)(shi)我身(shen),多求資養,終歸滅壞,故貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)身(shen)即是(shi)(shi)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)患(huan),惡(e)(e)患(huan)即 可惡(e)(e)身(shen),為(wei)(wei)(wei)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)與大患(huan),俱以(yi)身(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)本,故言(yan)若也(ye)。只為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)所,以(yi)有(you)身(shen)患(huan),身(shen)既無(wu)矣,患(huan)豈有(you)焉,故我無(wu)身(shen),患(huan)將安(an)托(tuo)。所言(yan)無(wu)者,坐(zuo)忘喪我,隳體離形(xing)(xing),即身(shen)無(wu)身(shen),無(wu)身(shen)非是(shi)(shi)滅壞,而(er)稱無(wu)也(ye)。故貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)以(yi)身(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)下,若可寄天(tian)下,不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)身(shen)是(shi)(shi)大患(huan),矜而(er)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)之,自(zi)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)其(qi)(qi)身(shen),恒欲陵物(wu),如此之人,適可暫寓於(wu)(wu)世間,不(bu)(bu)得(de)久視於(wu)(wu)天(tian)下。愛(ai)以(yi)身(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)下,若可托(tuo)天(tian)下,寄是(shi)(shi)暫時寄寓,托(tuo)謂永相附托(tuo),言(yan)能(neng)保(bao)愛(ai)己身(shen)不(bu)(bu)輕(qing)馳騖(wu)。謙以(yi)自(zi)牧,雌而(er)順物(wu)者,則可以(yi)托(tuo)化(hua)於(wu)(wu)天(tian)下,故德經云自(zi)愛(ai)不(bu)(bu)自(zi)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)。獨(du)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)生為(wei)(wei)(wei)生者,是(shi)(shi)善能(neng)攝衛(wei)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)生之人也(ye)。
(15)遠觀其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu):物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙用,非(fei)世間的(de)一般物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體,五行(xing)造化謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),塊需然有(you)(you)凝(ning)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)。凡是(shi)有(you)(you)形(xing)質的(de),都是(shi)后天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)其(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)真,真空也(ye)。《道德經(jing)》云:“道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),惟(wei)恍惟(wei)惚。”又曰:“恍兮惚兮,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。”此句(ju)言修道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,應當認取(qu)先天恍惚中(zhong)的(de)真物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),而放下后天有(you)(you)形(xing)的(de)假物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),如此才能(neng)修道成(cheng)真。
(16)三者(zhe)既悟,惟(wei)見于空(kong):三者(zhe),指(zhi)心、形、物。空(kong),道(dao)之用。此句(ju)言凡(fan)(fan)夫俗子,都執(zhi)著身、心、外(wai)物三種東西(xi),而學道(dao)的(de)人,又常(chang)常(chang)執(zhi)著外(wai)面的(de)法界,內里的(de)元(yuan)神(shen),遠處的(de)神(shen)通,以至“凡(fan)(fan)”能證“圣”,“圣”不(bu)能成“神(shen)”。如(ru)果(guo)能摒棄(qi)這些(xie),使大(da)道(dao)賦予了神(shen)性,即可(ke)(ke)超凡(fan)(fan)入圣了。再進一步修煉到“圣而不(bu)可(ke)(ke)知之謂神(shen)”的(de)高(gao)上境界,即是真空(kong)的(de)境界了。
(17)觀(guan)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)亦(yi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong),空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)無(wu)所空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong):空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong),真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)有(you)(you)兩種形(xing)式,有(you)(you)大(da)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong),有(you)(you)小空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。此二空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)懼無(wu)即自然不染正性,以成真(zhen)道(dao)。觀(guan)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)也(ye)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong),大(da)道(dao)無(wu)象,空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)也(ye)有(you)(you)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)象,應把此空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)象也(ye)加以忘去(qu),則真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)之境更加真(zhen)實。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)無(wu)所空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong),凡居有(you)(you)質(zhi),都憑借大(da)道(dao)而(er)成形(xing),一(yi)切(qie)物類(lei),都是從道(dao)而(er)產生。大(da)道(dao)坦然常存于物,非為斷滅也(ye)。
(18)所空既無(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)亦無(wu)(wu)(wu):大道沒有(you)窮盡(jin),修道到(dao)(dao)了空也(ye)(ye)沒有(you)處所之后,空也(ye)(ye)沒有(you)了。如(ru)果仍然有(you)空,就(jiu)不能(neng)達(da)到(dao)(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)的境界,再(zai)進(jin)一步做到(dao)(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)之又無(wu)(wu)(wu),就(jiu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)不存(cun)在了。空有(you)皆忘才(cai)可以達(da)到(dao)(dao)徹底的真無(wu)(wu)(wu)。
(19)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)既(ji)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),湛然(ran)常寂:無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)執。世間萬事萬物,都生于無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),而(er)歸于無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生于有,有歸于無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者有也(ye),有者無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)。金(jin)木水(shui)火土異(yi)物,自然(ran)相(xiang)假(jia),眾(zhong)相(xiang)寄托,共成一(yi)身。是(shi)(shi)(shi)知形體(ti),由(you)來(lai)虛無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。細析推陳(chen)出尋,遍體(ti)虛幻,況一(yi)切諸法(fa)、念念,亦復如是(shi)(shi)(shi)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)知無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)即(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有,有即(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),自然(ran)而(er)已(yi)。故(gu)經曰:無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)既(ji)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。功夫到了(le)空(kong)也(ye)沒有的地步,就萬法(fa)都無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)了(le),達(da)到湛然(ran)而(er)又(you)圓滿的虛靜真本,即(ji)成真道了(le)。
(20)寂(ji)(ji)無所寂(ji)(ji),欲豈能生:寂(ji)(ji)到了盡頭,連寂(ji)(ji)都不存在了,就到了無為(wei)、無事、無欲的(de)境界,自然(ran)成道(dao)了。
(21)欲(yu)既不(bu)生(sheng),即是(shi)真(zhen)靜(jing):真(zhen)靜(jing),自然無(wu)欲(yu)。求靜(jing)必須先遣欲(yu),有(you)欲(yu)則(ze)患(huan)生(sheng),無(wu)欲(yu)則(ze)無(wu)憂,無(wu)憂則(ze)可進入真(zhen)靜(jing)。
(22)真(zhen)常(chang)(chang)應(ying)(ying)物(wu):真(zhen),體無(wu)增減謂之(zhi)真(zhen)。常(chang)(chang)者,法(fa)也。常(chang)(chang)能(neng)(neng)法(fa)則(ze)叫(jiao)真(zhen)常(chang)(chang)之(zhi)法(fa)。法(fa)則(ze)真(zhen)常(chang)(chang)應(ying)(ying)物(wu),隨(sui)機(ji)而化導眾生。“寂然不動,感(gan)而遂通”,“感(gan)而遂通”依舊(jiu)“寂然不動”。才能(neng)(neng)真(zhen)常(chang)(chang)應(ying)(ying)物(wu)。
(23)真(zhen)(zhen)常(chang)得(de)(de)性(xing):凡欲得(de)(de)成(cheng)真(zhen)(zhen)性(xing),須修常(chang)性(xing)而為(wei)道(dao)性(xing)。得(de)(de)者動(dong)也(ye)。動(dong)其本性(xing),謂其得(de)(de)性(xing)。
(24)常(chang)應(ying)(ying)常(chang)靜(jing),常(chang)清(qing)靜(jing)矣:“事(shi)來則應(ying)(ying)”,常(chang)應(ying)(ying)則無所不應(ying)(ying)。常(chang)者(zhe)道(dao)體(ti)也,應(ying)(ying)者(zhe)靈機也。言道(dao)體(ti)可(ke)(ke)以隨(sui)機而(er)應(ying)(ying)萬變(bian)。“事(shi)去則忘”如浮云過空,云過則天又清(qing)又靜(jing)。可(ke)(ke)知,不管天之(zhi)有云無云,而(er)天體(ti)本凈,不管心(xin)(xin)之(zhi)有事(shi)無事(shi),皆可(ke)(ke)常(chang)若(ruo)無心(xin)(xin),無心(xin)(xin)之(zhi)心(xin)(xin),是為道(dao)心(xin)(xin),是為真心(xin)(xin),真心(xin)(xin)乃清(qing)靜(jing)無染之(zhi)心(xin)(xin),也即可(ke)(ke)應(ying)(ying)萬境萬變(bian)而(er)永恒不變(bian)之(zhi)心(xin)(xin)。
(25)如此清靜(jing),漸入(ru)真(zhen)道:真(zhen)道,指清靜(jing)之性。真(zhen),即為道。此句言經中不(bu)言,令人須假(jia)性修,漸進而成真(zhen)。
(26)既(ji)入真(zhen)道,名(ming)為(wei)得道:此句接上(shang)句,言既(ji)入真(zhen)道,名(ming)悟(wu)修(xiu)真(zhen)。煉(lian)凡成真(zhen),煉(lian)真(zhen)成神(shen)。
(27)雖名得(de)(de)道(dao),實(shi)無(wu)所(suo)得(de)(de):雖然(ran)從名目上說,似乎是(shi)得(de)(de)到了道(dao),但其(qi)實(shi)道(dao)為天(tian)地(di)(di)之本(ben)源,宇宙之原動力(li),大(da)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)之規律。獨立而不(bu)改,周行而不(bu)殆。自(zi)(zi)本(ben)自(zi)(zi)根,未有天(tian)地(di)(di),自(zi)(zi)古以(yi)固(gu)存(cun)。先(xian)天(tian)地(di)(di)生(sheng)而不(bu)為久,長(chang)于上古而不(bu)為老。太上無(wu)極大(da)道(dao),本(ben)無(wu)得(de)(de)無(wu)失,無(wu)形無(wu)象,視(shi)之不(bu)見,聽之不(bu)聞,搏之不(bu)得(de)(de)。故(gu)曰(yue)實(shi)無(wu)所(suo)得(de)(de)。
(28)為化(hua)眾(zhong)生,名(ming)為得道(dao)(dao):化(hua),返以(yi)守真(zhen)謂之(zhi)化(hua)。化(hua),遷變之(zhi)義。逐(zhu)換應(ying)見之(zhi)名(ming),化(hua)別種種,應(ying)見容儀。有(you)無莫測,透化(hua)時(shi)人(ren)。透化(hua)者,指事為喻(yu)。恒勸開(kai)悟教(jiao)(jiao)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)名(ming)。普令(ling)后學之(zhi)人(ren)。舍惡(e)從善,惜身(shen)保命。故(gu)要歸于圣教(jiao)(jiao)。只有(you)太上西化(hua)流沙(sha),八(ba)十一國,亦法視相,或(huo)(huo)見大人(ren),身(shen)千丈;或(huo)(huo)見小人(ren),身(shen)長丈八(ba)。變見無方,易形改號。或(huo)(huo)曰金仙(xian),或(huo)(huo)曰梵仙(xian)。隨方設(she)化(hua),同體異名(ming)。教(jiao)(jiao)人(ren)修道(dao)(dao),去妄成真(zhen)。乃立清靜之(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao),是為得道(dao)(dao)。
(29)能(neng)悟(wu)之(zhi)者,可傳圣(sheng)(sheng)道(dao)(dao):悟(wu),覺,猶通。此(ci)句言凡學仙之(zhi)人(ren),若悟(wu)真理,則不以(yi)西竺東土為(wei)名,分別六合之(zhi)內,天上(shang)地下,道(dao)(dao)化一也(ye)。若悟(wu)解之(zhi)者也(ye)不以(yi)至道(dao)(dao)為(wei)尊,也(ye)不以(yi)眾教為(wei)異(yi),也(ye)不以(yi)儒宗為(wei)別。能(neng)悟(wu)本性,非分別所得(de)。但能(neng)體似(si)虛無,常得(de)至道(dao)(dao)。歸身內修清(qing)靜(jing),則順天從也(ye),名合人(ren)事,可以(yi)救苦拔衰。以(yi)此(ci)修持,自(zi)然(ran)清(qing)靜(jing)。人(ren)能(neng)清(qing)靜(jing),至道(dao)(dao)自(zi)來,不求(qiu)自(zi)得(de),不學而成。清(qing)靜(jing)自(zi)然(ran),圣(sheng)(sheng)道(dao)(dao)歸身,所以(yi)說可傳圣(sheng)(sheng)道(dao)(dao)。
此(ci)段總的是講了(le)要“遣(qian)欲”、“澄心”,在做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)“無(wu)心”、“無(wu)形(xing)”、“無(wu)物(wu)(wu)”的境界后(hou),還要把“空”、“無(wu)”及(ji)湛然之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“寂”也(ye)當做(zuo)有名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu),遣(qian)而(er)忘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以達到(dao)(dao)“真常”、“清靜”,從而(er)“得道(dao)”。所(suo)謂得道(dao),并不是指有形(xing)有象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),而(er)是得證虛靈本性圓滿無(wu)缺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),得了(le)此(ci)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),可以應物(wu)(wu)應事,玄同萬物(wu)(wu)。妙(miao)合先天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炁,而(er)運化于(yu)萬物(wu)(wu)內外(wai),綿綿無(wu)盡。
(30)老君(jun)曰(yue):上(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)無(wu)爭(zheng),下(xia)士(shi)(shi)好爭(zheng):上(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi),有修為有涵(han)養的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)等智慧的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),是上(shang)(shang)德派生的(de)(de)。下(xia)士(shi)(shi),指修為涵(han)養各方面都(dou)次于(yu)上(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。爭(zheng),求靜,執(zhi)有之(zhi)意。此句言(yan)有修為有涵(han)養的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)等智慧的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),不與外(wai)(wai)界爭(zheng)勝爭(zheng)強(qiang)而自強(qiang)。這是上(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)所獲得的(de)(de)福(fu)炁,而下(xia)士(shi)(shi)由于(yu)一味爭(zheng)取身(shen)外(wai)(wai)之(zhi)物,而失其內在真性,終使神喪炁絕,一無(wu)所獲。
(31)上德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),下德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)執德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de):德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),是(shi)道(dao)(dao)所表(biao)(biao)現(xian)出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de),通(tong)于(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)。經云:“道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在我即為德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。”又云:“德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)者得也。”德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)體性特征(zheng)都同于(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao),道(dao)(dao)無(wu)(wu)形無(wu)(wu)象(xiang),含而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)露,空虛而無(wu)(wu)跡象(xiang),卻無(wu)(wu)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)有,無(wu)(wu)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在,無(wu)(wu)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為,無(wu)(wu)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成。生育天地,運行日月,長養萬物,卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)自(zi)恃、自(zi)彰。這(zhe)種(zhong)特征(zheng)表(biao)(biao)現(xian)在人身上,就叫“上德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”。上德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和常(chang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一樣,是(shi)內在的(de)(de)(de)、實(shi)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)、無(wu)(wu)形的(de)(de)(de)、自(zi)然的(de)(de)(de),而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)外在的(de)(de)(de)、表(biao)(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)、形式上的(de)(de)(de)東西(xi)。因而,無(wu)(wu)形的(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)是(shi)大道(dao)(dao),無(wu)(wu)形的(de)(de)(de)內在之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)上德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。而下德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人,一味追求有為之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,飄流浮于(yu)(yu)開、情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間,自(zi)以為是(shi),無(wu)(wu)法突(tu)破小我而進入無(wu)(wu)我的(de)(de)(de)高上境(jing)界。
(32)執著之(zhi)者(zhe),不(bu)名道(dao)德:執著,指(zhi)執德、下(xia)德。道(dao)德,指(zhi)通(tong)變無(wu)方,存(cun)亡自在,應見即(ji)用,能尊能貴,悉皆自然。此句言下(xia)德之(zhi)人(ren),故執諸相(xiang),行流涉于有(you)為,是不(bu)懂(dong)事理,不(bu)懂(dong)道(dao)德的人(ren),不(bu)能成道(dao)。
此段總講(jiang)了(le)人(ren)能安分守己,善保自(zi)性,摒去(qu)一(yi)切塵障,樂道報德,自(zi)然(ran)靈性升華,福壽無邊,切莫執(zhi)著(zhu)一(yi)事一(yi)物(wu)而(er)自(zi)困(kun)愁城,成為(wei)一(yi)個不明(ming)事理、不能自(zi)拔的人(ren)。
(33)眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)所(suo)(suo)以不(bu)得(de)真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)者,為有(you)妄(wang)心:妄(wang),動(dong)。情浮意(yi)(yi)動(dong),心生(sheng)(sheng)所(suo)(suo)妄(wang)。動(dong),亂(luan)思,因妄(wang)亂(luan)了(le)本性。此句言一(yi)切眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)得(de)真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)的原因,都(dou)是被(bei)情染意(yi)(yi)動(dong)。妄(wang)有(you)所(suo)(suo)思,思有(you)所(suo)(suo)惑(惑,感其情而(er)妄(wang)動(dong)于(yu)意(yi)(yi))。意(yi)(yi)動(dong)其思而(er)妄(wang)生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)心。人一(yi)但有(you)了(le)妄(wang)動(dong)之心,自然(ran)不(bu)能清靜,又說(shuo)妄(wang)動(dong)即亡(wang)。都(dou)亡(wang)失道(dao)(dao)性。所(suo)(suo)以說(shuo)逐境而(er)感情妄(wang)動(dong),不(bu)能得(de)到真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)。
(34)既(ji)有妄心,即(ji)驚(jing)其(qi)神(shen)(shen):驚(jing),指心之(zhi)極畏,不(bu)只(zhi)指盡驚(jing)。驚(jing)有兩(liang)種情(qing)況,一指內修清靜,忘了形(xing)(xing)而驚(jing)其(qi)神(shen)(shen);二指外習事情(qing),勞于(yu)心而驚(jing)其(qi)形(xing)(xing)。此句言外又既(ji)驚(jing)其(qi)形(xing)(xing)體,內誘自然驚(jing)于(yu)其(qi)神(shen)(shen)。想(xiang)要心神(shen)(shen)安(an)靜,就要外欲不(bu)生,欲不(bu)能生,自然清靜。
(35)既驚其神,即著萬物:人如果(guo)驚其神,外就(jiu)有所著于境,內里就(jiu)失去(qu)正(zheng)性,也可理解(jie)為道貴守一,不可著于萬物而驚其神。
(36)既著萬物,即生貪(tan)(tan)求:貪(tan)(tan),過分追(zhui)求、偏(pian)愛。有兩種(zhong)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang):一是貪(tan)(tan)于世(shi)事,外求華飾欲樂,這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)為(wei)陰咎,不(bu)合(he)于陽(yang),就(jiu)不(bu)能(neng)清(qing)靜(jing),是為(wei)沉滯;二是貪(tan)(tan)于進修(xiu)窮尋真(zhen)(zhen)理,堅求至道,這(zhe)(zhe)叫(jiao)內貪(tan)(tan)。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)屬于陽(yang),能(neng)體(ti)道合(he)真(zhen)(zhen),自然清(qing)靜(jing)。
(37)既生貪求(qiu),即(ji)(ji)是(shi)煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao):貪求(qiu)外(wai)事,要漸漸斷(duan)除;貪求(qiu)內(nei)事,要勤勤修進。雖然(ran)(ran)是(shi)內(nei)求(qiu)至道,也不(bu)可以(yi)(yi)固(gu)執(zhi),如此也能生煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)。這(zhe)里的煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)也分(fen)兩種情況(kuang),有(you)輕(qing)(qing)重之分(fen),一是(shi)輕(qing)(qing)煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao),二是(shi)重煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)。輕(qing)(qing)煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)是(shi)貪求(qiu)至道,這(zhe)種情況(kuang)也生煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)。二是(shi)外(wai)求(qiu)世(shi)法,名(ming)重煩(fan)惱(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)。輕(qing)(qing)就合(he)陽(yang),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)叫(jiao)清,重即(ji)(ji)合(he)陰,所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)叫(jiao)濁。雖然(ran)(ran)分(fen)了輕(qing)(qing)重,但兩者這(zhe)間又是(shi)相對的。貪就會生迷惑,但是(shi)要舍重棄(qi)輕(qing)(qing),內(nei)守元和,湛然(ran)(ran)不(bu)動,所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)叫(jiao)懷道抱德了,自然(ran)(ran)而然(ran)(ran)就淳樸了。
(38)煩惱妄想(xiang),憂(you)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)身(shen)心(xin)(xin)。便遭濁辱(ru),流浪生死。常(chang)沉(chen)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)海(hai)(hai),永失(shi)真道:濁,染。辱(ru),污(wu)。流浪,指(zhi)反復。苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)海(hai)(hai),苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)的(de)(de)大(da)海(hai)(hai),海(hai)(hai)指(zhi)大(da)。此句(ju)言(yan)人(ren)的(de)(de)身(shen)心(xin)(xin)逐于(yu)外(wai)物,憂(you)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)自然而然就(jiu)產生而擾亂身(shen)心(xin)(xin),在生死之間反復,永遠不(bu)(bu)能(neng)超脫(tuo),流浪于(yu)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)海(hai)(hai)之中。憂(you)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)的(de)(de)事不(bu)(bu)能(neng)夠休止(zhi),都是出自人(ren)心(xin)(xin)造作的(de)(de)。學(xue)道的(de)(de)人(ren),都內守(shou)其一(yi)外(wai)除(chu)其想(xiang)(一(yi),指(zhi)身(shen))。圣人(ren)云(yun):“存(cun)三(san)守(shou)一(yi)”。(三(san),指(zhi)精、炁(qi)、神。)但守(shou)其身(shen),必(bi)存(cun)于(yu)三(san)。所以《西升經》云(yun):守(shou)身(shen)不(bu)(bu)失(shi),常(chang)存(cun)也,專守(shou)其一(yi),不(bu)(bu)生妄想(xiang),即(ji)免于(yu)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku)海(hai)(hai),沉(chen)淪憂(you)苦(ku)(ku)(ku)(ku),不(bu)(bu)著于(yu)身(shen)。心(xin)(xin)自然解脫(tuo),自然清靜。
(39)真(zhen)(zhen)常(chang)之(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),悟者自(zi)得,得悟道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)者,常(chang)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)矣:真(zhen)(zhen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)常(chang)存的,無時不(bu)在,不(bu)生也不(bu)滅(mie),她外包天地,內(nei)入毫芒,運行日(ri)月,長養萬物(wu),人(ren)能(neng)(neng)悟解,自(zi)然而(er)得,得的不(bu)是(shi)外在的東西,而(er)是(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。所(suo)以太上說,人(ren)能(neng)(neng)覺悟,悟則本性,謂之(zhi)得道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也,所(suo)得到的道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)是(shi)大道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),大道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)難求難得的。經云(yun):“天道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)無親,常(chang)與善(shan)人(ren)。”又(you)云(yun):“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)本無形,莫之(zhi)能(neng)(neng)名,得悟之(zhi)者,惟(wei)已(yi)自(zi)知(zhi)。”善(shan)人(ren)常(chang)能(neng)(neng)守于清(qing)(qing)靜(jing),都是(shi)得到真(zhen)(zhen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的人(ren)。
此段總講了眾(zhong)生所以不(bu)能(neng)得(de)到(dao)真道的原(yuan)因(yin),是由于妄念之起,貪求身外有形之物,大傷自己精炁神,以至流浪生死,常(chang)存苦海濁辱(ru)之中,受苦受難。如果一心(xin)向善,修(xiu)煉真常(chang)之道,一旦(dan)了悟(wu)大道的規(gui)律,修(xiu)之不(bu)輟,自會有成。以達到(dao)常(chang)清常(chang)靜,有至樂而(er)無苦難的真常(chang)境界(jie)。
(40)仙人(ren)葛(ge)玄曰:吾得真道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),誦此經(jing)(jing)萬遍:葛(ge)翁(weng)(weng),此指葛(ge)玄。三(san)國(guo)時(shi)方士,字孝先,丹(dan)(dan)陽句容(rong)(今屬江蘇)人(ren)。《抱樸子·金(jin)丹(dan)(dan)篇》稱,他(ta)曾經(jing)(jing)從左(zuo)慈學(xue)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),受(shou)《太(tai)清丹(dan)(dan)經(jing)(jing)》、《九鼎(ding)丹(dan)(dan)經(jing)(jing)》、《金(jin)液丹(dan)(dan)經(jing)(jing)》等煉丹(dan)(dan)經(jing)(jing)書,于閣皂山(shan)修道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),常辟谷服食,擅(shan)符咒諸法(fa),奇術(shu)甚多。后(hou)世道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教尊稱為(wei)“葛(ge)仙公”或“葛(ge)仙翁(weng)(weng)”,又(you)稱“太(tai)極(ji)左(zuo)仙公”;北宋徽(hui)宗時(shi)封(feng)為(wei)“沖應(ying)真人(ren)”;南(nan)宋理(li)宗時(shi)封(feng)為(wei)“沖應(ying)孚(fu)佑真君”。明清時(shi),道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)門和(he)民間又(you)常稱葛(ge)洪為(wei)葛(ge)仙翁(weng)(weng)。仙翁(weng)(weng),祖代求仙,皆成(cheng)真人(ren),仙翁(weng)(weng)初入道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)時(shi),居(ju)長白(bai)山(shan),或居(ju)東岳,自后(hou)遍歷名(ming)山(shan),殷勤求道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),成(cheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)后(hou),隱跡潛形,惟(wei)值得留經(jing)(jing)教于世,勸悟后(hou)學(xue)之(zhi)徒,凡言(yan)誦此經(jing)(jing)萬遍者,即萬行(xing)圓備,圓滿之(zhi)意。又(you)說,萬遍道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)備,飛升太(tai)空,萬神之(zhi)備,萬遍既周,乃成(cheng)清靜(jing)之(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。
(41)此經是天人(ren)習,不(bu)傳(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)士(shi):天人(ren),極陽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仙。天仙者,碧落飛騰,游行自在(zai),兩腋有(you)毛羽,也叫羽客。凡(fan)是天仙羽客,住于三清之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,常(chang)行于經法(fa),也不(bu)輕傳(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)士(shi)。世人(ren)苦修天人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行,即(ji)謂天上人(ren)。凡(fan)欲(yu)修學之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),何不(bu)誦習此經,日有(you)進修三業(ye),若無退慢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),是有(you)進無退之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),也不(bu)令經傳(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)士(shi)。圣人(ren)云:“經法(fa)流行于世,學人(ren)若遇須當寶而貴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)可輕世,如(ru)逢(feng)賢士(shi),有(you)心(xin)即(ji)授,有(you)善即(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)。”
(42)吾(wu)昔受之于(yu)東華帝君(jun):吾(wu),仙(xian)翁自稱。東華帝君(jun),又名(ming)木公(gong)(gong)、東王公(gong)(gong)、扶桑(sang)大帝,與(yu)丹靈、黃老、皓靈、玄(xuan)老并(bing)稱“五方五老”,他掌管男仙(xian)名(ming)籍,男人成仙(xian)必謁東王公(gong)(gong),女于(yu)成仙(xian)必謁西王母。此句言仙(xian)翁得受此經(清靜經)于(yu)東華帝君(jun),也(ye)是不輕傳于(yu)下(xia)士的(de)。
(43)東華帝君受(shou)之于金闕(que)帝君:金闕(que),指(zhi)天庭。金闕(que)帝君,經書中說法不一(yi),有(you)經稱(cheng)是(shi)太上(shang)(shang)老(lao)君。有(you)經稱(cheng)是(shi)太上(shang)(shang)老(lao)君隨方(fang)設(she)化(hua),或號(hao)(hao)天皇(huang)大帝,或曰太一(yi)救苦天尊,或號(hao)(hao)金闕(que)圣(sheng)君。此(ci)意指(zhi)上(shang)(shang)圣(sheng)帝君都寶秘(mi)此(ci)經,何況后學傳授(shou)修(xiu)持諷誦(song),還不更加(jia)崇仰而學修(xiu)。
(44)金(jin)闕帝(di)君受(shou)之(zhi)于西(xi)王(wang)母(mu):西(xi)王(wang)母(mu),即(ji)王(wang)母(mu)娘娘、金(jin)母(mu)。是道教諸女(nv)(nv)仙(xian)之(zhi)尊神,女(nv)(nv)仙(xian)之(zhi)首,凡(fan)女(nv)(nv)人成仙(xian)必謁“金(jin)母(mu)”。此(ci)句言金(jin)闕帝(di)君受(shou)此(ci)經于西(xi)王(wang)母(mu)之(zhi)時,也是不輕傳下士的(de)。
(45)皆(jie)口口相傳(chuan)(chuan),不(bu)記文字。吾今于(yu)世,書而錄之:口口相傳(chuan)(chuan),指古圣(sheng)人(ren)傳(chuan)(chuan)授經(jing)法(fa),都是內藏心腹,秘受(shou)經(jing)文,流(liu)通行化,并不(bu)記文字,就不(bu)被世人(ren)所能(neng)見到。自從仙翁以來,書寫(xie)下(xia)了此經(jing),傳(chuan)(chuan)于(yu)下(xia)世,普遍流(liu)行,是要拔度(du)后(hou)學之人(ren)。
(46)上(shang)(shang)(shang)士(shi)悟之(zhi)(zhi),升為天官:上(shang)(shang)(shang)士(shi),外(wai)煉(lian)形質(zhi)(zhi),內(nei)(nei)養(yang)(yang)精(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。外(wai)和其(qi)光,而同其(qi)塵,內(nei)(nei)修功(gong)而保(bao)(bao)(bao)其(qi)元(yuan)(yuan)炁(qi)(qi),元(yuan)(yuan)炁(qi)(qi)是(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)母,人(ren)能(neng)常存(cun)于(yu)元(yuan)(yuan)炁(qi)(qi),下(xia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)于(yu)丹田,上(shang)(shang)(shang)固于(yu)泥丸(wan),中守于(yu)絳宮,這樣(yang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)于(yu)三(san)元(yuan)(yuan),內(nei)(nei)養(yang)(yang)于(yu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。(神(shen)(shen)(shen),炁(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)。形,神(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)舍。神(shen)(shen)(shen)是(shi)身(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)主,身(shen)無主則不安,形無神(shen)(shen)(shen)而不立。)上(shang)(shang)(shang)達之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),常服日精(jing)(jing),保(bao)(bao)(bao)于(yu)下(xia)丹田,飲月(yue)華,保(bao)(bao)(bao)于(yu)腦戶。(腦戶,指(zhi)泥丸(wan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)丹田,屬陰。所以用太陽精(jing)(jing)炁(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)。)易經云:“一陰一陽之(zhi)(zhi)謂道(dao),能(neng)恃日月(yue)二(er)景,扶身(shen)形而行之(zhi)(zhi),必(bi)升為天官。五(wu)(wu)(wu)云五(wu)(wu)(wu)炁(qi)(qi),是(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)行之(zhi)(zhi)正炁(qi)(qi)。凡上(shang)(shang)(shang)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),五(wu)(wu)(wu)臟既真,五(wu)(wu)(wu)臟炁(qi)(qi)自生五(wu)(wu)(wu)行,真炁(qi)(qi)化成五(wu)(wu)(wu)云,扶其(qi)形質(zhi)(zhi),上(shang)(shang)(shang)游三(san)界(jie)(三(san)界(jie),欲(yu)界(jie)、色(se)界(jie)、無色(se)界(jie)),下(xia)游十方(十方,指(zhi)四維(wei)、上(shang)(shang)(shang)、下(xia)。)。三(san)界(jie)十方俱無滯礙,然后升入上(shang)(shang)(shang)清,得位(wei)為天官之(zhi)(zhi)號(hao)。
(47)中士修之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),南(nan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)列仙:凡學道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,先順煉(lian)(lian)肌,謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寶(bao)玉(玉,指(zhi)(zhi)骨)。煉(lian)(lian)肺保(bao)津(jin),謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炁。(金,指(zhi)(zhi)肺。金石(shi),指(zhi)(zhi)腎(shen)。丹,指(zhi)(zhi)心。)安心息氣(qi),保(bao)于。腎(shen)臟,乃得延年(nian)。不是世(shi)間金石(shi)寶(bao)玉。這里所謂的(de)金石(shi),能保(bao)人性命。另據圖(tu)南(nan)子云:如(ru)(ru)何外(wai)寶(bao)?即先要內(nei)保(bao)。如(ru)(ru)果能內(nei)保(bao)于性命,然(ran)后上(shang)(shang)參于上(shang)(shang)清(qing)圣文(wen)。(圣文(wen),指(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)清(qing)秘寶(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書。)下(xia)達玄微。(玄微,指(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)元(yuan)腎(shen))又(you)據上(shang)(shang)清(qing)經云:南(nan)方有丹靈(ling)天,內(nei)有蕊(rui)珠宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)有一真君(jun)號(hao)靈(ling)天君(jun)。又(you)據是朱陽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或朱陵(ling)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)一處有炎炎火(huo)煉(lian)(lian)池,池有七(qi)寶(bao)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)殿。也稱紫陽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。如(ru)(ru)果有下(xia)達之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,學道(dao)成(cheng)功的(de),得到(dao)司命真君(jun)認同,錄(lu)下(xia)姓名,奏上(shang)(shang)南(nan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),就得為仙宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)號(hao)了。
(48)下(xia)士得之(zhi)(zhi),在世長年:下(xia)士不能絕利一源(yuan),都求(qiu)資身益命之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),或(huo)(huo)服(fu)靈藥,或(huo)(huo)餌(er)丹砂,或(huo)(huo)休名棄位,或(huo)(huo)淡靜安(an)神,或(huo)(huo)依(yi)倚林泉(quan),或(huo)(huo)藏(zang)跡于朝市,內修(xiu)至(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),外(wai)合五(wu)常,或(huo)(huo)隱(yin)或(huo)(huo)見,體道(dao)合真,如斯不退,尚(shang)保延年,何(he)況高士英(ying)賢,隱(yin)于嵩谷(gu),學神人(ren)餐藥而得白日升(sheng)天。何(he)故(gu)后(hou)人(ren)不能專至(zhi)(zhi),即今西岳華山,山居隱(yin)士,丁陳二(er)人(ren),在世延年注名以(yi)入仙位,況后(hou)人(ren)不能相(xiang)效,故(gu)舉此數,喻乃明至(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)無偏求(qiu)者必達。故(gu)本經云(yun):天道(dao)無親,常與(yu)善人(ren)。
(49)游(you)行三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),升(sheng)入(ru)金門:靈(ling)寶經(jing)(jing)云:三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)二天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)二帝,第(di)六(liu)名上明七曜摩夷天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)帝。名恬會延,此是欲界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。雖(sui)有(you)此說(shuo),凡學道但(dan)去其(qi)欲,即名真人(ren)(ren)。色(se)(se)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)在(zai)二十(shi)四重天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),無極云誓天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)色(se)(se)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),其(qi)帝君(jun)(jun)號(hao)名飄駑穹隆。太素秀樂禁上天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)無色(se)(se)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),帝君(jun)(jun)名龍羅覺長,此名三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),乃指天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)而(er)言(yan),此為(wei)(wei)(wei)外約大(da)綱之(zhi)說(shuo),若(ruo)(ruo)喻人(ren)(ren)身而(er)言(yan),三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)即三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。下丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)欲界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),中(zhong)丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)色(se)(se)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),上丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)無色(se)(se)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。人(ren)(ren)若(ruo)(ruo)保守于三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),則精炁神(shen)存(cun)上中(zhong)下三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)境(jing)(jing),真人(ren)(ren)游(you)于三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),若(ruo)(ruo)得(de)(de)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)丹田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),神(shen)俱足則自(zi)然(ran)升(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。所以經(jing)(jing)云:形神(shen)俱妙,與道合真。《上清(qing)經(jing)(jing)》云:大(da)羅天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)在(zai)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)二天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上。《靈(ling)寶經(jing)(jing)》云:三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)上,渺(miao)渺(miao)大(da)羅,大(da)羅之(zhi)境(jing)(jing),惟有(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)清(qing)宮闕(que)。莫不上圣高(gao)尊(zun)游(you)于其(qi)上。學道人(ren)(ren)若(ruo)(ruo)先修內(nei)行,保固守于三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)元神(shen),三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)元神(shen)俱備,自(zi)得(de)(de)升(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),游(you)行三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)清(qing)之(zhi)境(jing)(jing),出入(ru)金闕(que)之(zhi)前,朝拜太上、得(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)真人(ren)(ren)。故曰:升(sheng)入(ru)金門。
(50)左玄(xuan)真(zhen)(zhen)人曰:左,指陽。玄(xuan),指一(yi)(yi)(yi)。左玄(xuan)是道(dao)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)號,得一(yi)(yi)(yi)真(zhen)(zhen)人,是立其左右陰(yin)陽一(yi)(yi)(yi)的意(yi)思,所(suo)以稱左玄(xuan)真(zhen)(zhen)人。左玄(xuan)真(zhen)(zhen)人號法解,大(da)慈(ci)大(da)仁,多請問因緣,下游五濁(zhuo),救拔一(yi)(yi)(yi)切、復(fu)歸三境(jing)。侍從尊慈(ci),太上(shang)保之(zhi)(zhi),稱其名號。學仙之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),但能存(cun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)守(shou)于陰(yin)陽二(er)炁,則(ze)為真(zhen)(zhen)人。何為守(shou)一(yi)(yi)(yi),一(yi)(yi)(yi)者,道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)性(xing),一(yi)(yi)(yi)為大(da)也。又云身(shen)(shen)也,所(suo)以《西升經》云:愛(ai)(ai)人不如(ru)愛(ai)(ai)身(shen)(shen),愛(ai)(ai)身(shen)(shen)不如(ru)愛(ai)(ai)神。愛(ai)(ai)神不如(ru)舍神,舍神不如(ru)守(shou)身(shen)(shen),守(shou)身(shen)(shen)長(chang)(chang)久長(chang)(chang)存(cun)。學人未(wei)玄(xuan)微,但且護(hu)形,愛(ai)(ai)炁輕物,賤名思慮不惑,則(ze)血氣和平,如(ru)此即(ji)其一(yi)(yi)(yi)可存(cun)。陰(yin)陽二(er)炁,即(ji)坎離之(zhi)(zhi)用,故謂為真(zhen)(zhen)人之(zhi)(zhi)身(shen)(shen),然(ran)后朝于太上(shang),皆(jie)得為道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)也。上(shang)則(ze)參于三境(jing),下則(ze)游于十方(fang),開導眾生,教(jiao)化(hua)未(wei)悟,引接群生,普令得其道(dao),此即(ji)為真(zhen)(zhen)人之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)作也。
(51)學道(dao)之士,持(chi)誦(song)(song)此經:持(chi)誦(song)(song),依本曰讀(du),離本曰誦(song)(song),學道(dao)之士,若能解心(xin)正,道(dao)念不退,依法奉修如對太上,行(xing)住坐(zuo)立,常持(chi)專一,是謂(wei)誦(song)(song)經。
(52)即得(de)十(shi)(shi)天(tian)善神,擁護(hu)其身(shen):十(shi)(shi)天(tian),指八方和(he)上下。《因緣(yuan)經》云:每月十(shi)(shi)直齋,各有善神直日,也為善神。且(qie)人有三業(ye)六根,身(shen)形(xing)之業(ye),故有十(shi)(shi)惡。(十(shi)(shi)惡,指淫、殺、盜、貪、嫉妒、恚(hui)、惡口(kou)(kou)、兩舌、妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)語(yu)、綺語(yu)。),(十(shi)(shi)善,身(shen)不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)動(dong),心不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)動(dong),意不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)思(si),性不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亂,耳不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聽邪聲,口(kou)(kou)不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)言(yan)綺語(yu),目不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)視邪色,鼻不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受邪穢,舌不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)食邪味,識不(bu)(bu)妄(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受于驚怖)十(shi)(shi)善既生,十(shi)(shi)惡自滅(mie)。乃得(de)真(zhen)圣相(xiang)護(hu),此句言(yan)學道之士(shi)心常念道,持(chi)誦真(zhen)經,即得(de)善神擁護(hu)。
(53)然(ran)(ran)后玉(yu)符保神(shen)(shen)(shen),金液煉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)俱(ju)妙(miao),與道(dao)(dao)(dao)合真:玉(yu)符,指(zhi)玉(yu)皇之(zhi)(zhi)符。令人(ren)學道(dao)(dao)(dao),功(gong)圓行滿升入仙(xian)階(jie),先得玉(yu)皇符命,然(ran)(ran)后升仙(xian)。玉(yu)符于身(shen)(shen)而(er)論(lun),可明中(zhong)元之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。(中(zhong)元,指(zhi)心。)學人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)心,若(ruo)(ruo)能(neng)(neng)安靜,自(zi)然(ran)(ran)無(wu)染于塵(chen)垢,清(qing)靜而(er)保固(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。上等之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),悟煉金液之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),以(yi)固(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質。中(zhong)士未悟,身(shen)(shen)外求樂,合和修煉,以(yi)寧性(xing)命。若(ruo)(ruo)論(lun)出入之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),亦先固(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)體(ti),然(ran)(ran)后養(yang)于神(shen)(shen)(shen)識,而(er)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)體(ti)固(gu),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瘦力倦。神(shen)(shen)(shen)者,為彼之(zhi)(zhi)主,主安則(ze)外固(gu),假如(ru)(ru)世之(zhi)(zhi)屋宅,無(wu)人(ren)則(ze)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)全。內外之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),也(ye)是這(zhe)個道(dao)(dao)(dao)理(li)。故經云:我身(shen)(shen)乃神(shen)(shen)(shen)車,神(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)舍,神(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)主。主人(ren)安靜,神(shen)(shen)(shen)即居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi),躁(zao)(zao)動神(shen)(shen)(shen)即去(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)。又說(shuo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)生(sheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)神(shen)(shen)(shen),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)得神(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)主,神(shen)(shen)(shen)不(bu)得形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)合同,更相(xiang)生(sheng)更相(xiang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),這(zhe)是表(biao)里相(xiang)應之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。又說(shuo):神(shen)(shen)(shen)常愛人(ren),人(ren)不(bu)愛神(shen)(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)(shen)常愛人(ren),愿其人(ren)生(sheng),人(ren)不(bu)愛神(shen)(shen)(shen),為心所(suo)憂(you)。心也(ye)是神(shen)(shen)(shen),其神(shen)(shen)(shen)名叫靈童,能(neng)(neng)惡能(neng)(neng)善,能(neng)(neng)昧能(neng)(neng)明,能(neng)(neng)喜能(neng)(neng)怒,能(neng)(neng)正能(neng)(neng)邪。使(shi)意(yi)馬如(ru)(ru)風,驅心猿如(ru)(ru)箭疾。巧生(sheng)千種,機出萬端(duan),皆在此(ci)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。《內觀經》云:心即是神(shen)(shen)(shen),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)青非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)白,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)赤非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)黃,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)大非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)小,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)短(duan)非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)長,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)曲非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)直(zhi),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)柔非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)剛(gang),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)厚非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)薄(bo),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)圓非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方,變化莫測,混合陰(yin)陽;大包(bao)天(tian)地(di),細(xi)入毫芒;制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)止,放之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)狂;清(qing)靜則(ze)生(sheng),濁躁(zao)(zao)則(ze)亡,人(ren)能(neng)(neng)清(qing)靜內修至道(dao)(dao)(dao),制(zhi)伏其心,心既(ji)安靜,其神(shen)(shen)(shen)則(ze)生(sheng)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)生(sheng)則(ze)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)固(gu),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)固(gu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)神(shen)(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)(shen)藉(jie)(jie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)藉(jie)(jie)神(shen)(shen)(shen)而(er)生(sheng),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)相(xiang)藉(jie)(jie),安靜修功(gong),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)固(gu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)全。所(suo)以(yi)說(shuo):形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)俱(ju)妙(miao),內外相(xiang)應,自(zi)然(ran)(ran)與道(dao)(dao)(dao)合真。
(54)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真人曰(yue):正(zheng)(zheng),即(ji)真。一(yi),為大,也(ye)指心(xin)。心(xin)是(shi)(shi)南方(fang)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)之(zhi)象,原處(chu)北方(fang)。因何(he)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)處(chu)于(yu)北方(fang),為坎(kan)離(li)中(zhong)有(you)一(yi)畫,故為一(yi)陽(yang),是(shi)(shi)謂(wei)心(xin)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)陰中(zhong)陽(yang)位(wei)(wei),二(er)是(shi)(shi)陽(yang)中(zhong)陰位(wei)(wei),此是(shi)(shi)五(wu)行反復(fu)之(zhi)理(li),陰陽(yang)變(bian)化之(zhi)用,是(shi)(shi)謂(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)。正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真人,指漢天師,姓張(zhang),諱道(dao)陵,今為三天大法師,位(wei)(wei)任正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真人,又為三清度(du)師,居圣真之(zhi)位(wei)(wei),曾(ceng)煉(lian)五(wu)行,修(xiu)功為國,扶衰(shuai)救苦(ku),除害興(xing)物,利濟庶民,功圓(yuan)行滿,超凡成圣。位(wei)(wei)居高(gao)上正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真人。人若能(neng)修(xiu)煉(lian)其心(xin),自然關府通(tong)泰(tai),神和氣(qi)暢,皆由正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)之(zhi)事。張(zhang)天師流傳下(xia)來的有(you)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)斬邪三五(wu)飛步之(zhi)道(dao)、銅符鐵券、金丹寶經、秘訣(jue)靈章、二(er)十四(si)階(jie)品錄等。
(55)人(ren)(ren)(ren)家(jia)(jia)有(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)經(jing)(jing),悟(wu)(wu)解之者,災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)不干(gan),眾圣護(hu)門(men):家(jia)(jia),此(ci)(ci)(ci)指(zhi)身。經(jing)(jing),指(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)。真人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰:家(jia)(jia)有(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)經(jing)(jing),若(ruo)能悟(wu)(wu)解玄微,清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)身心(xin)(xin)(xin),修行念(nian)道,持誦(song)不退,即得(de)眾圣神(shen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)護(hu)衛其門(men),即得(de)神(shen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)護(hu)門(men)則(ze)(ze)(ze)災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)不干(gan)于(yu)家(jia)(jia)庭,邪魔(mo)無犯(fan)于(yu)住止,皆(jie)(jie)因(yin)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing),故得(de)神(shen)明護(hu)門(men)。內比喻則(ze)(ze)(ze)家(jia)(jia)猶身,心(xin)(xin)(xin)為經(jing)(jing)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)能清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)行其至道于(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin),則(ze)(ze)(ze)謂之有(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)經(jing)(jing)。悟(wu)(wu),即覺。達(da),即解。通,作了。覺了則(ze)(ze)(ze)謂心(xin)(xin)(xin)有(you)經(jing)(jing)。無經(jing)(jing)則(ze)(ze)(ze)未悟(wu)(wu)解,故有(you)災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang),煩(fan)惱所生,若(ruo)心(xin)(xin)(xin)了達(da),則(ze)(ze)(ze)無煩(fan)惱。煩(fan)惱既無,自然清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)。災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)不生,故不干(gan)。眾圣護(hu)門(men),意思是指(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身中有(you)三萬六千神(shen),左三魂右七(qi)魄,身有(you)一萬二千形影,體有(you)二萬四精光(guang),五臟六腑(fu),二十四神(shen),耳眼口鼻皆(jie)(jie)有(you),一一各有(you)宮闕所居,人(ren)(ren)(ren)若(ruo)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing),眾神(shen)歸身,各居宮闕,故云:眾圣護(hu)門(men)。
(56)神(shen)(shen)(shen)升(sheng)(sheng)上界(jie)(jie),朝(chao)拜高真:神(shen)(shen)(shen),即(ji)(ji)心,道(dao)(dao)典(dian)云(yun)(yun),聰明(ming)正直謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen),陰陽不測謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)。故(gu)云(yun)(yun)心靈則道(dao)(dao)降(jiang),道(dao)(dao)降(jiang)則神(shen)(shen)(shen)靈,神(shen)(shen)(shen)靈則圣(sheng)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)明(ming)既圣(sheng),即(ji)(ji)可升(sheng)(sheng)。(升(sheng)(sheng),登)。升(sheng)(sheng)登于(yu)上界(jie)(jie)。(上界(jie)(jie),三(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,三(san)(san)清(qing)(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)境(jing)大(da)羅(luo)天(tian))。人(ren)能保精(jing)養氣(qi),愛神(shen)(shen)(shen)調(diao)和于(yu)元(yuan)氣(qi),填(tian)補(bu)于(yu)腦(nao),烹煉神(shen)(shen)(shen)水,變(bian)化(hua)(hua)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)(shen)氣(qi)若全,即(ji)(ji)得上升(sheng)(sheng)三(san)(san)界(jie)(jie),朝(chao)禮太(tai)上高尊,凡學(xue)(xue)仙(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,所(suo)(suo)說朝(chao)元(yuan),即(ji)(ji)有二(er)種,一論(lun)天(tian)地(di),二(er)論(lun)人(ren)身(shen),即(ji)(ji)明(ming)三(san)(san)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)田(tian),且三(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)朝(chao)元(yuan)者(zhe),即(ji)(ji)上元(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)、下(xia)元(yuan)。上元(yuan)上應(ying)玉清(qing)(qing)始炁所(suo)(suo)化(hua)(hua),號(hao)(hao)天(tian)寶君,理(li)(li)玉清(qing)(qing)圣(sheng)境(jing)清(qing)(qing)微(wei)天(tian),總(zong)(zong)一十(shi)二(er)部(bu)圣(sheng)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing),為洞(dong)(dong)真教主(zhu)(zhu),下(xia)于(yu)人(ren)身(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)為上丹(dan)(dan)(dan)田(tian)。腦(nao)宮也號(hao)(hao)泥丸宮、帝君以(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)炁。中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)者(zhe),上應(ying)上清(qing)(qing)元(yuan)炁所(suo)(suo)化(hua)(hua),號(hao)(hao)靈寶君,理(li)(li)上清(qing)(qing)境(jing)禹(yu)余天(tian),總(zong)(zong)一十(shi)二(er)部(bu)真行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing),為洞(dong)(dong)玄教主(zhu)(zhu),下(xia)于(yu)人(ren)身(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)為中(zhong)(zhong)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)田(tian),心府宮,帝君主(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)。下(xia)元(yuan)上應(ying)太(tai)清(qing)(qing)玄炁所(suo)(suo)化(hua)(hua),號(hao)(hao)神(shen)(shen)(shen)寶君,理(li)(li)太(tai)清(qing)(qing)仙(xian)境(jing),大(da)赤天(tian)總(zong)(zong)一十(shi)二(er)部(bu)仙(xian)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing),為洞(dong)(dong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)教主(zhu)(zhu),下(xia)于(yu)人(ren)身(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)為下(xia)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)田(tian),炁海(hai)腎宮,帝君主(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)命,此(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)元(yuan)、三(san)(san)宮、三(san)(san)寶,天(tian)地(di)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)成,失(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)傾,人(ren)生(sheng)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)生(sheng),失(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)死。故(gu)《黃(huang)庭(ting)經(jing)(jing)》云(yun)(yun):一身(shen)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)慎勿失(shi)。故(gu)要保愛。又(you)云(yun)(yun):仙(xian)人(ren)道(dao)(dao)士非有神(shen)(shen)(shen),積精(jing)累炁以(yi)成真。此(ci)(ci)句言,凡學(xue)(xue)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),若能運用(yong)精(jing)華,存(cun)想神(shen)(shen)(shen)炁,朝(chao)拜三(san)(san)元(yuan),修功不退久而行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),自得真道(dao)(dao)。
(57)功(gong)(gong)滿(man)(man)德就,相感(gan)帝(di)君。誦持不(bu)(bu)退,身騰紫(zi)云:功(gong)(gong)滿(man)(man)八百,行(xing)(xing)滿(man)(man)三(san)(san)千(qian)。(功(gong)(gong)行(xing)(xing),此(ci)指(zhi)修(xiu)煉(lian)(lian)的功(gong)(gong)行(xing)(xing)。)學人若能(neng)行(xing)(xing)胎息(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,日行(xing)(xing)八百,即可以升(sheng)天,功(gong)(gong)行(xing)(xing)感(gan)應,自(zi)(zi)然(ran)升(sheng)舉。古德云,功(gong)(gong)圓(yuan)行(xing)(xing)滿(man)(man)升(sheng)為金闕(que)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣,獨步玉京之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)道。學人若能(neng)專守(shou)三(san)(san)宮(gong),朝拜真元,百節闕(que)府(fu),自(zi)(zi)然(ran)通泰,萬神和暢。相感(gan)帝(di)君,指(zhi)既(ji)存守(shou)三(san)(san)元,三(san)(san)元各有(you)(you)帝(di)君,誦持不(bu)(bu)退,則心(xin)念正道。身騰紫(zi)云,指(zhi)內(nei)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,乃有(you)(you)正說,人有(you)(you)五臟(zang)(zang)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)五行(xing)(xing),人若修(xiu)煉(lian)(lian)五行(xing)(xing)真炁(qi)(qi),傳于(yu)(yu)(yu)五臟(zang)(zang),故為實腹,五臟(zang)(zang)真炁(qi)(qi)既(ji)成,自(zi)(zi)然(ran)尸解,出有(you)(you)入無(wu),變化(hua)自(zi)(zi)在(zai),存亡恍(huang)惚,此(ci)為得道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中也。紫(zi)云,指(zhi)五臟(zang)(zang)真炁(qi)(qi)結成,紫(zi)云乃是上(shang)(shang)天誥命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炁(qi)(qi),故凡得道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人,皆是乘云而去,上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)三(san)(san)境(jing),朝拜太上(shang)(shang)高尊,以表(biao)得道人證于(yu)(yu)(yu)尊貴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌。此(ci)句言至(zhi)心(xin)修(xiu)道必然(ran)成道。
《清靜經》,全稱《太(tai)上老(lao)(lao)君說常清靜經》,一(yi)(yi)卷(juan)。作(zuo)(zuo)者不(bu)詳,一(yi)(yi)說葛(ge)玄。道(dao)教稱老(lao)(lao)君西游白龜臺之(zhi)(zhi)時,為(wei)西王(wang)(wang)母(mu)說常清靜經,西王(wang)(wang)母(mu)皆口口相傳,不(bu)記文字,吾今于世書而錄之(zhi)(zhi)。為(wei)道(dao)士(shi)們(men)日(ri)常誦習的(de)重要功課(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。《太(tai)上老(lao)(lao)君說常清靜經》(簡稱《清靜經》)大約產生(sheng)于唐朝(chao),當時比(bi)較著名的(de)注本為(wei)杜光庭所注。金(jin)代,王(wang)(wang)重陽創立(li)全真(zhen)教后,《清靜經》就成為(wei)全真(zhen)教的(de)日(ri)常功課(ke),作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)非常重要的(de)經典被重視。
云篆太虛,浩劫之初。乍(zha)(zha)遐乍(zha)(zha)邇(ěr) ,或沉或浮。五方徘(pai)徊,一丈(zhang)之馀(yú)。天真(zhen)(zhen)皇人,按筆乃書。以(yi)演洞章,次書靈(ling)符。元始(shi)下降(jiang),真(zhen)(zhen)文誕敷。昭昭其有,冥(ming)冥(ming)其無。沉疴(kē)能自痊,塵(chen)勞溺可(ke)扶(fu)。幽冥(ming)將有賴(lai),由是(shi)升仙都。
關于此(ci)經(jing)(jing)的成立時(shi)代(dai),根據考證(zheng)應為唐(tang)(tang)代(dai),因: (一)《清靜(jing)經(jing)(jing)》七種(zhong)注(zhu)本中(zhong),屬杜(du)光庭注(zhu)本為最早,杜(du)光庭是唐(tang)(tang)末五代(dai)人,因此(ci)《清靜(jing)經(jing)(jing)》應系晚唐(tang)(tang)以前的作品。
(二)「洞神(shen)部 玉訣(jue)類 是(shi)字號」的無名氏注本(ben),載有太(tai)極真人向唐(tang)(tang) 同(tong)昌公主傳授五(wu)戒、十善、六齋、三會、五(wu)臘、五(wu)忌之(zhi)(zhi)法,并誡其當(dang)奉持(chi)《清(qing)靜經》之(zhi)(zhi)事。注中亦記唐(tang)(tang)時靈驗故事,以宣揚(yang)此(ci)(ci)經的神(shen)應(ying)。可(ke)見此(ci)(ci)經在唐(tang)(tang)時已普遍流傳。
由以(yi)上兩(liang)點可(ke)知(zhi)此經(jing)成于唐代殆(dai)無疑義。另從此經(jing)文字用例來看(kan),如三毒、六(liu)(liu)欲等詞匯并不(bu)常見于六(liu)(liu)朝以(yi)前的古(gu)籍(ji)。故應為(wei)六(liu)(liu)朝后的作品而非葛洪(hong)所作。疑為(wei)后世道流所依托,作者不(bu)詳。
本經文詞用法(fa)糅合(he)儒釋道三(san)家詞語,故作者(zhe)應是容攝三(san)教(jiao)思想者(zhe)。其(qi)經文的(de)意義,包含道教(jiao)的(de)道,佛教(jiao)的(de)三(san)業、三(san)界說法(fa)以(yi)及儒家的(de)道德說,但其(qi)基本思想仍為(wei)老子道的(de)本體論與人生(sheng)論。
至于此經的(de)(de)成立背景,可大體以(yi)(yi)唐(tang)(tang)時的(de)(de)宗教情況(kuang)概觀。唐(tang)(tang)初李氏(shi)崇(chong)拜老子,故崇(chong)道抑(yi)佛(fo);至武后(hou)朝(chao),反崇(chong)佛(fo)棄道。這種反復的(de)(de)情況(kuang)和六(liu)朝(chao)時期非常相似,所以(yi)(yi)佛(fo)道并(bing)(bing)存(cun)在(zai)唐(tang)(tang)代,只(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)方(fang)(fang)顯明,另一(yi)方(fang)(fang)則灰黯,并(bing)(bing)非消(xiao)失。到晚唐(tang)(tang)時,因(yin)政治更(geng)(geng)加混(hun)亂,人(ren)民浮奢,遂(sui)需(xu)要一(yi)些教化(hua)人(ren)心的(de)(de)教材加以(yi)(yi)規范,宗教于此便(bian)發生了凈化(hua)作用。亦因(yin)為(wei)(wei)佛(fo)道并(bing)(bing)存(cun),所以(yi)(yi)彼此作品當(dang)中(zhong)皆有對(dui)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)思想存(cun)在(zai),藉(jie)以(yi)(yi)吸(xi)收社會民眾的(de)(de)認同,故劃分并(bing)(bing)不很清(qing)楚。加以(yi)(yi)這部經典(dian)旨在(zai)講清(qing)靜(jing)、無欲(yu)、陰陽等觀念,其演變符合(he)唐(tang)(tang)代社會狀況(kuang)所需(xu),更(geng)(geng)加深此經為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)(tang)朝(chao)作品的(de)(de)可信度。
《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》全文僅四百多(duo)(duo)字(zi)(zi),去掉經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)末的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題為(wei)"仙人葛翁""左玄真(zhen)(zhen)人""正一(yi)(yi)真(zhen)(zhen)人"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評語(yu),則不(bu)(bu)到四百字(zi)(zi)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)言(yan)簡意(yi)賅,以"清(qing)靜"為(wei)其主要(yao)思(si)(si)想(xiang),繼承并發(fa)展了(le)(le)(le)早(zao)期道家(jia)(jia),包(bao)括老莊(zhuang)、列子(zi)、《易經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》等人或經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)典的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang),形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)其獨具特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)體系。該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)雖然(ran)以道家(jia)(jia)思(si)(si)想(xiang)為(wei)主,但同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)吸(xi)收并借(jie)鑒了(le)(le)(le)佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些思(si)(si)想(xiang)和(he)(he)名(ming)(ming)詞,尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其中(zhong)"空(kong)(kong)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理念,這(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)"遣(qian)欲觀(guan)空(kong)(kong)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)思(si)(si)想(xiang)。該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)認(ren)(ren)為(wei),如(ru)(ru)(ru)果人能(neng)達到清(qing) 清(qing)靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)境界或者狀態, 可(ke)以做到無(wu)(wu)(wu)欲無(wu)(wu)(wu)求, 還能(neng)應和(he)(he)萬物(wu), 教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng), 使天地(di)(di)歸于大(da)道。朱熹(xi)說:“后來道家(jia)(jia)做《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》, 又卻(que)偷(tou)佛(fo)(fo)家(jia)(jia)言(yan)語(yu), 全做得(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)好。佛(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)所謂(wei)‘色(se)即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)’處(chu), 他把色(se)、受(shou)、想(xiang)、行(xing)、識五個對一(yi)(yi)個‘空(kong)(kong)’字(zi)(zi)說, 故(gu)曰:‘空(kong)(kong)即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)色(se)。受(shou)、想(xiang)、行(xing)、識, 亦復如(ru)(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’, 謂(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)《清(qing)凈經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》中(zhong)偷(tou)此句意(yi)思(si)(si), 卻(que)說‘無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)亦無(wu)(wu)(wu)’, 只偷(tou)得(de)(de)(de)(de)他‘色(se)即是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)’, 卻(que)不(bu)(bu)曾理會得(de)(de)(de)(de)他‘受(shou)、想(xiang)、行(xing)、識, 亦復如(ru)(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)’之(zhi)意(yi), 全無(wu)(wu)(wu)道理。”《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》更有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)受(shou)到六(liu)朝(chao)時(shi)期前秦鳩摩羅什譯本(ben)《心(xin)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》采用了(le)(le)(le)佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)六(liu)欲、三毒、空(kong)(kong)、妄(wang)心(xin)、煩(fan)惱(nao)妄(wang)想(xiang)、苦海(hai)等專有(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)詞。“空(kong)(kong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang), 很明顯來自佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao), 而(er)(er)且(qie)其語(yu)言(yan)結(jie)構(gou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)佛(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)言(yan)結(jie)構(gou)相似(si)。其后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“既入真(zhen)(zhen)道, 名(ming)(ming)為(wei)得(de)(de)(de)(de)道, 雖名(ming)(ming)得(de)(de)(de)(de)道, 實無(wu)(wu)(wu)所得(de)(de)(de)(de);為(wei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng), 名(ming)(ming)為(wei)得(de)(de)(de)(de)道”等多(duo)(duo)處(chu)語(yu)言(yan)結(jie)構(gou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)明顯模仿了(le)(le)(le)佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)言(yan)。 在六(liu)朝(chao)以前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)典中(zhong), 沒有(you)(you)(you)“苦海(hai)”一(yi)(yi)詞, 而(er)(er)佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)傳入中(zhong)國后, 許多(duo)(duo)漢譯佛(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)常出現這(zhe)個詞語(yu)。《常清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》認(ren)(ren)為(wei), 眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)所以不(bu)(bu)能(neng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)到真(zhen)(zhen)正意(yi)義上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“道”, 是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)顆妄(wang)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin),從而(er)(er)在生(sheng)(sheng)死中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)斷輪回。道家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)死觀(guan)與此不(bu)(bu)同(tong), 《莊(zhuang)子(zi)》認(ren)(ren)為(wei)未生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)前本(ben)來沒有(you)(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)命, 不(bu)(bu)僅沒有(you)(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)命, 連(lian)形(xing)體也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)沒有(you)(you)(you), 而(er)(er)且(qie)連(lian)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元素都沒有(you)(you)(you), 混雜(za)在恍惚之(zhi)中(zhong), 混沌變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)元氣, 元氣變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)形(xing)體, 形(xing)體變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)命, 生(sheng)(sheng)命變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)至死亡。這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)死變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)如(ru)(ru)(ru)同(tong)寒來暑(shu)往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四季一(yi)(yi)樣(yang), 如(ru)(ru)(ru)果失(shi)聲痛哭, 那(nei)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)懂天地(di)(di)自然(ran)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)之(zhi)理。