芒果视频

人物簡介

孫君立，化學纖(xian)維(wei)專家，我國化纖(xian)工業的開創(chuang)者之一。長期從事化學纖(xian)維(wei)的研究和(he)開發工作(zuo)，著有(you)《人造纖(xian)維(wei)免皺(zhou)法(fa)》、《銅(tong)氨纖(xian)維(wei)針(zhen)織物(wu)光斑消(xiao)除法(fa)》等(deng)論文(wen)，創(chuang)制(zhi)我國粘(zhan)膠纖(xian)維(wei)制(zhi)漿工藝流程和(he)設備，為我國化纖(xian)工業的創(chuang)建(jian)和(he)發展做了很多有(you)益的工作(zuo)。

孫君(jun)立，曾用名豫壽，1902年7月出生(sheng)在江蘇無錫東北(bei)鄉安鎮村。父親任教小(xiao)學(xue)，母親采桑育蠶以助(zhu)家用，家道清貧(pin)。孫君(jun)立自幼生(sheng)活樸素(su)，學(xue)習刻(ke)苦，課(ke)業成績優秀。

主要經歷

1920年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)孫君立(li)自(zi)蘇州江蘇公立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)專門學(xue)(xue)校畢業(ye)(ye)后(hou)(hou)，考(kao)入(ru)上(shang)海商(shang)務印書館編譯所，任(ren)編輯(ji)員(yuan)。前后(hou)(hou)十(shi)余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)編、譯工(gong)(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，先后(hou)(hou)譯、著了《高等化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)》、《應(ying)用化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)》、和(he)《有機化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)》等十(shi)余種書籍。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)他為尋找興國之(zhi)(zhi)路，跨越出原(yuan)先的(de)(de)(de)軌(gui)道(dao)，自(zi)費赴德(de)國繼續(xu)求(qiu)學(xue)(xue)，進入(ru)德(de)累斯登工(gong)(gong)(gong)科大學(xue)(xue)攻讀研究生，并在夸虹人造(zao)絲機器廠(chang)實習，之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)又去(qu)明(ming)興格(ge)城紡(fang)織(zhi)研究院(yuan)讀研究生。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)孫君立(li)在德(de)國亞琛工(gong)(gong)(gong)科大學(xue)(xue)獲博(bo)士學(xue)(xue)位(wei)，成為我國第(di)一位(wei)研究化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)纖維(wei)獲得(de)博(bo)士學(xue)(xue)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)者。學(xue)(xue)業(ye)(ye)結束后(hou)(hou)，他受(shou)(shou)聘于德(de)國柏林威廉皇家學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)任(ren)研究員(yuan)。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬，歐(ou)洲戰(zhan)爭(zheng)局勢日緊，他去(qu)瑞士山道(dao)士化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)廠(chang)短期(qi)任(ren)職后(hou)(hou)，于1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)回(hui)國，投身于我國化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)纖維(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)(she)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)。他先應(ying)美亞絲綢廠(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)聘，任(ren)籌(chou)備(bei)(bei)主任(ren)，負(fu)責設(she)(she)計(ji)人造(zao)絲廠(chang)。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應(ying)中(zhong)國紡(fang)織(zhi)建設(she)(she)公司之(zhi)(zhi)招，赴東北考(kao)察(cha)安(an)(an)東（今丹東）化(hua)(hua)纖廠(chang)，回(hui)滬(hu)后(hou)(hou)擬去(qu)安(an)(an)東工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，因交通(tong)(tong)受(shou)(shou)阻而(er)留(liu)中(zhong)紡(fang)公司任(ren)職，受(shou)(shou)命另行(xing)設(she)(she)計(ji)其(qi)他化(hua)(hua)纖工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)，后(hou)(hou)擔任(ren)中(zhong)紡(fang)公司處長(chang)、專員(yuan)等職，直至1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)上(shang)海解放。在這期(qi)間(jian)，他曾幾次發表關于“建設(she)(she)中(zhong)國化(hua)(hua)纖工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)”等文(wen)章，多方奔走，為發展我國化(hua)(hua)纖工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)而(er)呼吁(yu)。1942-1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期(qi)間(jian)，孫君立(li)受(shou)(shou)南通(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)紡(fang)織(zhi)科之(zhi)(zhi)聘，專授人造(zao)纖維(wei)課(ke)(ke)程，內容(rong)新穎，語(yu)詞生動活(huo)潑，理(li)論聯系實際，注(zhu)重(zhong)發揚課(ke)(ke)堂(tang)民(min)主。當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)生對孫君立(li)的(de)(de)(de)諄諄教誨，記(ji)憶猶新，懷念不(bu)已。他執教南通(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)，培養了不(bu)少(shao)化(hua)(hua)纖專業(ye)(ye)人才(cai)。后(hou)(hou)復將其(qi)數年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)講(jiang)授人造(zao)纖維(wei)講(jiang)稿之(zhi)(zhi)精粹，編寫成篇，陸續(xu)刊登于1946-1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)《纖維(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)》雜志，使廣(guang)大技術人員(yuan)備(bei)(bei)受(shou)(shou)教益(yi)。

中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民共和(he)國(guo)建立(li)后，孫(sun)君(jun)立(li)一(yi)心掛念著化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)，掛念著安(an)(an)東(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)廠(chang)。1949年九十月間，他參(can)(can)加以(yi)胡厥文為(wei)團長的東(dong)北參(can)(can)觀團，赴東(dong)北考察(cha)歷時一(yi)個多月，親眼(yan)看到東(dong)北人(ren)(ren)民政府(fu)對振興(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)不遺余力，深為(wei)感動(dong)和(he)興(xing)奮，決意(yi)為(wei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)行業(ye)(ye)效(xiao)力。1950年以(yi)后，他先后任(ren)(ren)(ren)上(shang)海安(an)(an)樂(le)人(ren)(ren)造絲(si)廠(chang)籌備(bei)處(chu)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)與副廠(chang)長。1954年任(ren)(ren)(ren)紡織工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)毛麻絲(si)局處(chu)長，他積極(ji)為(wei)發展我國(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)策(ce)劃并參(can)(can)與實施。1958年，國(guo)務院(yuan)決定化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)歸(gui)口化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)管理，化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)技術人(ren)(ren)員均于(yu)同(tong)年11月轉入(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)，孫(sun)君(jun)立(li)也隨(sui)調至化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)，任(ren)(ren)(ren)纖(xian)(xian)維室(shi)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，開展化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。1960年5月，化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)復歸(gui)紡織工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)管理，孫(sun)君(jun)立(li)轉任(ren)(ren)(ren)紡織工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)紡織科學研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學纖(xian)(xian)維研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)室(shi)副主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。在此期間，他主(zhu)要從事(shi)粘膠纖(xian)(xian)維和(he)合(he)成(cheng)纖(xian)(xian)維原料(liao)的研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)和(he)開發，為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生產(chan)奠(dian)定基礎(chu)作(zuo)出(chu)貢獻。

1969年(nian)“文化大革命”期(qi)間，孫君立(li)被迫離(li)開北京返回故(gu)里。1979年(nian)他已77歲高(gao)齡，到(dao)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)紡(fang)(fang)織大學科研處情報室擔(dan)(dan)任《國(guo)(guo)外技術》主(zhu)編(bian)(bian)（該刊分紡(fang)(fang)織、針織服裝、化纖印染(ran)三冊），還擔(dan)(dan)任《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)大百(bai)科全書(shu)·紡(fang)(fang)織》卷(juan)編(bian)(bian)委(wei)會(hui)委(wei)員（該書(shu)于1984年(nian)出版），《紡(fang)(fang)織詞(ci)典(dian)》副主(zhu)編(bian)(bian)（系國(guo)(guo)內第一部大型紡(fang)(fang)織詞(ci)典(dian)，于1991年(nian)出版，1992年(nian)又重印）和《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)近代(dai)紡(fang)(fang)織史》編(bian)(bian)委(wei)會(hui)顧(gu)問等工作。他還參與編(bian)(bian)寫《英(ying)漢紡(fang)(fang)織工業詞(ci)匯》。

孫君立在1919年(nian)“五四(si)”運(yun)動前(qian)后參加(jia)學(xue)生愛(ai)國運(yun)動，在商務印書(shu)館工作期間接受新(xin)青(qing)年(nian)雜(za)志的啟示教育，同胡愈之、葉圣陶等日夕(xi)切磋(cuo)，過從甚密，受到進步思想(xiang)影(ying)響。1927年(nian)，他在大(da)革命時代參加(jia)工人糾察隊時險遭(zao)拘捕，后同周建人等組織婦女問題研究(jiu)會，在《中(zhong)(zhong)國日報》主編一個副刊(kan)，又發起《新(xin)女性》雜(za)志的刊(kan)印。1985年(nian)4月，他參加(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)國九三學(xue)社(she)。1986年(nian)退休(xiu)后還繼續(xu)發揮(hui)余熱，直到1992年(nian)逝世，享年(nian)90 歲。