芒果视频

人物簡介

顧(gu)述(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(1872～1938)，名倬(zhuo)，以字行，別號云窩。清同治(zhi)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)十二月(yue)十八日(ri)(ri)(ri)(1872年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)27日(ri)(ri)(ri))生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)無錫(xi)縣(xian)城鳳光橋(今無錫(xi)市區(qu)三(san)鳳橋)顧(gu)家弄。近代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)等師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)家。21歲考中(zhong)秀(xiu)才，后(hou)(hou)肄業(ye)于(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)林書(shu)院、南(nan)菁書(shu)院。光緒(xu)二十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1902年(nian)(nian)(nian))，和侯鴻(hong)鑒一起由(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)資(zi)(zi)送(song)留學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)弘(hong)文學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習一年(nian)(nian)(nian)。歸國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)歷任(ren)東(dong)林學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂校(xiao)長(chang)(chang)、上(shang)海(hai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)圖書(shu)公司、直隸(li)提學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)使署教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)長(chang)(chang)等職(zhi)。光緒(xu)三(san)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)自辦新民(min)(min)(min)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。宣統元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1909年(nian)(nian)(nian))，與(yu)(yu)友人(ren)合(he)(he)作創辦女(nv)子(zi)職(zhi)業(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)。宣統三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)正月(yue)，任(ren)官立江(jiang)蘇省第三(san)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(今江(jiang)蘇師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)前(qian)身)監(jian)督(校(xiao)長(chang)(chang))。“三(san)師(shi)(shi)(shi)”先以新民(min)(min)(min)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)基礎(chu)籌建(jian)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)七月(yue)二十五日(ri)(ri)(ri)開學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。顧(gu)述(shu)(shu)之(zhi)創建(jian)與(yu)(yu)治(zhi)理“三(san)師(shi)(shi)(shi)”，以日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)典(dian)范(fan)(fan)(fan)。他曾率領教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)職(zhi)員4次赴日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)參觀學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習，仿效日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)東(dong)京(jing)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)，并(bing)花5年(nian)(nian)(nian)時間建(jian)造校(xiao)舍(she)400余間。民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)6年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1917年(nian)(nian)(nian))后(hou)(hou)，又(you)增建(jian)大(da)禮堂和博物館(guan)。制訂(ding)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)管理方面的規章制度5章47節，又(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)2年(nian)(nian)(nian)增設附(fu)屬小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，作為(wei)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)(sheng)的實習場所。他任(ren)“三(san)師(shi)(shi)(shi)”校(xiao)長(chang)(chang)達10年(nian)(nian)(nian)，以辦好教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)、移風易俗、挽救危亡為(wei)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)宗旨。在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)救國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)思(si)想指(zhi)導(dao)下(xia)，他認(ren)為(wei)“培養(yang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)是(shi)立國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)之(zhi)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)”，師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)“第二代(dai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)母”，“小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)的天職(zhi)是(shi)改良社會”。定“弘(hong)毅”為(wei)校(xiao)訓。其(qi)(qi)(qi)品德教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)綱是(shi)“淡榮利，耐(nai)勞(lao)(lao)苦，守紀(ji)律”；其(qi)(qi)(qi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)原則(ze)為(wei)“以身作則(ze)”。“其(qi)(qi)(qi)言者必其(qi)(qi)(qi)所以能(neng)(neng)行者，其(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)行者始能(neng)(neng)以此教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)”。在(zai)(zai)(zai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方法上(shang)，力倡學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)自治(zhi)，注重(zhong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)個人(ren)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)行之(zhi)修養(yang)；在(zai)(zai)(zai)知識(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)上(shang)，要(yao)求學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)各科(ke)全(quan)(quan)能(neng)(neng)，而兼有一科(ke)之(zhi)長(chang)(chang)。他特別重(zhong)視直觀教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，要(yao)求各科(ke)進行校(xiao)外觀察采集、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)具制作、舉行展(zhan)覽(lan)會，并(bing)創辦小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)博物館(guan)。他對學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)的體(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)運動也十分(fen)重(zhong)視，認(ren)為(wei)“凡我(wo)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)，非(fei)有強(qiang)固(gu)之(zhi)體(ti)魄，耐(nai)饑寒、忍(ren)勞(lao)(lao)苦……才能(neng)(neng)應今后(hou)(hou)之(zhi)變”。他還提倡職(zhi)業(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，認(ren)為(wei)職(zhi)業(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)解決國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)計之(zhi)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)途徑(jing)。先后(hou)(hou)增設商業(ye)補(bu)習科(ke)及販賣部、職(zhi)業(ye)部、工(gong)業(ye)補(bu)習科(ke)(內(nei)分(fen)木工(gong)、鐵工(gong)兩部)、農業(ye)補(bu)習科(ke)及初(chu)級班(ban)、附(fu)設農場等，供(gong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習或實習。他十分(fen)重(zhong)視延(yan)聘(pin)良師(shi)(shi)(shi)，謝絕(jue)官廳介紹(shao)，不(bu)受親友委托，就中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)優(you)良教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)積學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)敦品之(zhi)人(ren)士中(zhong)選(xuan)取(qu)。顧(gu)述(shu)(shu)之(zhi)因主(zhu)張“學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)應涉及政治(zhi)”，跟不(bu)上(shang)革(ge)命形勢之(zhi)發(fa)展(zhan)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)11年(nian)(nian)(nian)春辭職(zhi)告(gao)退。回(hui)家后(hou)(hou)寫(xie)成《-研究》，不(bu)久又(you)主(zhu)編《小(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)月(yue)刊》。民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)18年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬，應聘(pin)任(ren)江(jiang)蘇農民(min)(min)(min)銀(yin)行無錫(xi)分(fen)行經理。三(san)子(zi)顧(gu)衡為(wei)中(zhong)共黨員，被國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)黨當局殺害。他才感到僅談教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，不(bu)問政治(zhi)為(wei)非(fei)計，為(wei)無膽(dan)識(shi)。抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)爭全(quan)(quan)面爆(bao)發(fa)后(hou)(hou)，他避居長(chang)(chang)沙，與(yu)(yu)人(ren)合(he)(he)作籌辦商業(ye)專科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)。民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)27年(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)7日(ri)(ri)(ri)病逝。