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巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)西漢初年從西南地區(qu)賨人(ren)（板盾蠻）那里傳(chuan)來的(de)(de)(de)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)。漢高(gao)祖劉(liu)(liu)邦在平(ping)定三秦時，招募了一批賨人(ren)作(zuo)前鋒，賨人(ren)勇(yong)猛善戰，其風俗又善舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，劉(liu)(liu)邦便命(ming)樂(le)工(gong)學習和改(gai)編了他們(men)的(de)(de)(de)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)，因為賨人(ren)生活(huo)于(yu)巴(ba)(ba)郡(jun)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)一帶，所以就稱此種(zhong)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)為巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu).巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)傳(chuan)入宮廷(ting)后，成為宮廷(ting)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)，用來在宮廷(ting)宴會上表演(yan)(yan)軍旅戰斗的(de)(de)(de)場面，歌(ge)(ge)頌(song)帝王功德(de)，是(shi)(shi)漢代著名雜舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。表演(yan)(yan)時，舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者自披盔甲，手持矛、弩(nu)(nu)箭，口(kou)唱(chang)賨人(ren)古老戰歌(ge)(ge)，樂(le)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交(jiao)作(zuo)，邊歌(ge)(ge)邊舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者有(you)(you)36人(ren)，是(shi)(shi)群舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。由(you)于(yu)這(zhe)種(zhong)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)武樂(le)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)，漢哀帝罷樂(le)府(fu)后，對巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鼓員36人(ren)仍認為不可(ke)罷，交(jiao)由(you)大樂(le)領屬，將它列入雅樂(le)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)系統。其伴奏樂(le)器以銅鼓為主，配合擊磬、搖(yao)鼗、撫(fu)琴，舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)曲(qu)有(you)(you)《矛渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)歌(ge)(ge)曲(qu)》、《安(an)弩(nu)(nu)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)歌(ge)(ge)曲(qu)》、《安(an)臺本(ben)歌(ge)(ge)曲(qu)》、《行辭本(ben)歌(ge)(ge)曲(qu)》等4篇(pian)。巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發展到(dao)魏晉，已完全變成廟堂祭祀性質的(de)(de)(de)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)。巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)在我國古代舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)藝術(shu)中占(zhan)有(you)(you)較重要的(de)(de)(de)地位。
巴(ba)渝舞(wu)：是中國(guo)古代最(zui)有影響的戰前(qian)舞(wu)，即(ji)武舞(wu)。今和重(zhong)慶北(bei)部四(si)川(chuan)東北(bei)部嘉(jia)陵江支流(liu)(liu)渝水(shui)（今重(zhong)慶嘉(jia)陵江）一(yi)帶居住過一(yi)種少數民族人(ren)（巴(ba)人(ren)的一(yi)支），或稱(cheng)板木盾蠻，又稱(cheng)獠(liao)人(ren)，創造了一(yi)種具有民族特(te)色的舞(wu)蹈，它(ta)發(fa)源于巴(ba)郡(jun)渝水(shui)流(liu)(liu)域，故名為(wei)巴(ba)渝舞(wu)。”
巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)是中(zhong)(zhong)國古(gu)代最有(you)影響的戰(zhan)前(qian)(qian)舞(wu)，即武(wu)舞(wu)。《左傳(chuan)》載(zai)3000年前(qian)(qian)“周武(wu)王(wang)伐(fa)紂，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)師勇(yong)銳(rui)(rui)，歌(ge)舞(wu)以(yi)凌殷人(ren)(ren)。故曰：武(wu)王(wang)伐(fa)紂前(qian)(qian)戈后舞(wu)。”這(zhe)(zhe)里對“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)師歌(ge)舞(wu)”并未命名(ming)(ming)，直到(dao)秦漢(han)相(xiang)爭時漢(han)王(wang)朝再(zai)次將此(ci)舞(wu)用于戰(zhan)斗之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)，在沖鋒陷陣時“銳(rui)(rui)氣喜舞(wu)，武(wu)帝(di)善之(zhi)(zhi)曰‘此(ci)武(wu)王(wang)伐(fa)紂之(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)舞(wu)也(ye)(ye)，乃令樂(le)人(ren)(ren)習(xi)學之(zhi)(zhi)，今(jin)(jin)所謂(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)也(ye)(ye)。’”這(zhe)(zhe)是“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)”之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)在史書上(shang)正式提出。漢(han)高(gao)祖為(wei)什么把這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)戰(zhan)前(qian)(qian)舞(wu)命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)”？有(you)關巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)眾說紛紜(yun)。董其祥(xiang)教授在《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)源(yuan)流(liu)(liu)考》中(zhong)(zhong)，把“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)”之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)結論為(wei)：“重慶北部四川東北部嘉陵江支流(liu)(liu)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)（今(jin)(jin)名(ming)(ming)流(liu)(liu)江）一(yi)帶居住(zhu)過一(yi)種(zhong)少數民(min)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)人(ren)(ren)的一(yi)支），或(huo)稱(cheng)板木盾蠻(man)，又稱(cheng)獠人(ren)(ren)，創造(zao)了一(yi)種(zhong)具有(you)民(min)族(zu)特色(se)的舞(wu)蹈，它發(fa)源(yuan)于巴(ba)(ba)(ba)郡渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)流(liu)(liu)域，故名(ming)(ming)為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)。”另有(you)胡(hu)宏基先生(sheng)《解讀巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)》認(ren)定“閬中(zhong)(zhong)市保(bao)寧鎮為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉。”晉人(ren)(ren)郭注釋“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)”一(yi)辭說：“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)西閬中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)，獠人(ren)(ren)居其上(shang)，皆(jie)剛勇(yong)好舞(wu)，漢(han)高(gao)祖之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)平三秦，后使(shi)樂(le)府習(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)名(ming)(ming)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)也(ye)(ye)。”
“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”之(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，既不是(shi)(shi)以巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)郡(jun)(jun)、巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)郡(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)”和(he)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)“渝(yu)(yu)(yu)”為(wei)其(qi)(qi)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)以族名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)其(qi)(qi)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。若以渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)左右聚居(ju)人(ren)為(wei)其(qi)(qi)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)應(ying)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)“渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”也(ye)。《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國文化百(bai)科》在(zai)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)》辭條中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)認定“由于(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)居(ju)住(zhu)在(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，所(suo)(suo)以叫(jiao)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”。那么(me)秦漢(han)(han)時(shi)的(de)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)”又在(zai)何(he)處？據考：古(gu)(gu)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)”之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)應(ying)是(shi)(shi)東漢(han)(han)時(shi)漢(han)(han)昌(chang)縣轄地(di)，前(qian)屬(shu)(shu)梁州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)（治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)陜西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭(zheng)(zheng)回軍壩天池梁），后屬(shu)(shu)益州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)郡(jun)(jun)（治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)閬(lang)(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）直(zhi)至(zhi)民國時(shi)期，即(ji)今(jin)(jin)(jin)四(si)川巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市所(suo)(suo)轄的(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)(qu)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、平(ping)昌(chang)的(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)域。“在(zai)四(si)川東北(bei)部有(you)東西(xi)(xi)兩源，出(chu)自陜西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭(zheng)(zheng)、鎮巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)境內(nei)米倉(cang)山，南(nan)(nan)(nan)流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)縣南(nan)(nan)(nan)會合，西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)平(ping)昌(chang)注入(ru)渠(qu)(qu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”（《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)經注》）。《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)志·巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)源流(liu)(liu)圖》考：“州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)有(you)三派，其(qi)(qi)自蟒潭河入(ru)者(zhe)北(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，即(ji)古(gu)(gu)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)河，發源陜西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭(zheng)(zheng)，經米倉(cang)山、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)入(ru)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；……自通巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)河入(ru)者(zhe)，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河，發源于(yu)(yu)(yu)陜西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭(zheng)(zheng)、鎮巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)）。三水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)會于(yu)(yu)(yu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)口鎮（今(jin)(jin)(jin)平(ping)昌(chang)縣城）合而為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，眾(zhong)流(liu)(liu)皆附之(zhi)(zhi)，以達于(yu)(yu)(yu)渠(qu)(qu)河（古(gu)(gu)潛(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)）”《漢(han)(han)志》云“……而巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)二(er)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)自古(gu)(gu)并稱(cheng)，地(di)必相(xiang)近（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)二(er)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)實為(wei)一(yi)(yi)山之(zhi)(zhi)隔）……”《三巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)記》云：“閬(lang)(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在(zai)漢(han)(han)時(shi)屬(shu)(shu)閬(lang)(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)境內(nei)，此水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)民所(suo)(suo)居(ju)，故(gu)稱(cheng)‘巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)’、‘巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)’也(ye)”，這是(shi)(shi)史(shi)書上(shang)首次提(ti)及“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)”之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。化成縣（治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)(qu)）北(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)嶺(ling)(ling)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)川水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)宕(dang)渠(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。自集州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)）難江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)（今(jin)(jin)(jin)南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河）界流(liu)(liu)入(ru)北(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，即(ji)今(jin)(jin)(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)流(liu)(liu)。從前(qian)未有(you)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)，自《九域志》始(shi)言(yan)化成縣有(you)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)后，遂與南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)派出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)嶺(ling)(ling)者(zhe)當之(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)實則(ze)古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)志）。“渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，古(gu)(gu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)宕(dang)渠(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，即(ji)今(jin)(jin)(jin)四(si)川南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)及其(qi)(qi)下游渠(qu)(qu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，古(gu)(gu)有(you)族聚居(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)濱(bin)善歌舞(wu)(wu)，漢(han)(han)‘巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)’即(ji)出(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此……”（《辭海》地(di)理分冊）。從以上(shang)分析所(suo)(suo)知，“閬(lang)(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，人(ren)多居(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)左右……”是(shi)(shi)指在(zai)秦漢(han)(han)時(shi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)郡(jun)(jun)所(suo)(suo)轄漢(han)(han)昌(chang)縣的(de)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)民國志》。明楊瞻《四(si)忠祠記》“正(zheng)德辛(xin)未（正(zheng)德六年，1512年）以來(lai)，鄢藍（鄢本(ben)恕、藍延瑞）倡亂(luan)、旗幟千里，三省煸動，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)民死亡過半矣。”這里所(suo)(suo)指“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)民”，即(ji)今(jin)(jin)(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)市（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)(qu)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、平(ping)昌(chang)）、達州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市西(xi)(xi)北(bei)及南(nan)(nan)(nan)充市轄區(qu)(qu)和(he)劍閣、梓(zi)潼等(deng)川東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)民。這里再次提(ti)到(dao)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，以巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)域之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，那是(shi)(shi)順其(qi)(qi)自然，俗(su)以為(wei)常。
一曰(yue)(yue)矛(mao)渝(yu)，二曰(yue)(yue)安(an)弩，三(san)曰(yue)(yue)安(an)臺(tai)，四曰(yue)(yue)行(xing)辭(ci)。巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)基本形式是(shi)“執仗(zhang)而舞(wu)(wu)”。“仗(zhang)”，兵器，“執仗(zhang)”即(ji)執干戈(ge)；伴(ban)(ban)奏(zou)則是(shi)擊(ji)鼓(gu)。班固《漢書》載：“巴(ba)渝(yu)鼓(gu)員，三(san)十六人(ren)”。他講的(de)(de)是(shi)宮廷燕樂的(de)(de)巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)，征伐戰場上的(de)(de)巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)，有多(duo)少人(ren)戰斗,就(jiu)有多(duo)少人(ren)歌舞(wu)(wu)：在陣前(qian)拼(pin)殺者，執看挺(ting)戈(ge)，大聲呼呵，后(hou)(hou)面(mian)伴(ban)(ban)奏(zou)者，則擊(ji)鼓(gu)頓足，以增威勢，這就(jiu)是(shi)史書所為(wei)的(de)(de)“前(qian)歌后(hou)(hou)舞(wu)(wu)”。司馬相如在《子虛賦》中(zhong)這樣(yang)描繪巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)壯觀場面(mian)：“千人(ren)唱，萬人(ren)和，山陵為(wei)之(zhi)震動，山谷為(wei)之(zhi)蕩波。”為(wei)了“耀武觀兵”，朝廷接(jie)待“四夷使者”，便常常表演巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)。
巴(ba)渝舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是閬中(zhong)渝水土著巴(ba)族賨人(ren)所(suo)創(chuang)造的民間(jian)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)。賨人(ren)天(tian)性勁(jing)勇(yong)，俗喜歌(ge)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。漢高祖劉(liu)邦(bang)伐三秦建大漢時(shi)，被募為(wei)(wei)漢軍前鋒。他們那(nei)種“巴(ba)師勇(yong)銳(rui)，歌(ge)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)凌”的氣勢(shi)和戰斗力(li)，贏得了漢高祖的喜愛，并將宗人(ren)的戰爭武舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)取名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“巴(ba)渝舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”，引進宮廷，歷(li)經(jing)(jing)魏、晉、南北朝，至唐(tang)代，雖曾數易其名(ming)，仍盛演(yan)(yan)不衰。唐(tang)以(yi)后(hou)，“巴(ba)渝舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”在(zai)宮庭中(zhong)銷聲(sheng)匿(ni)跡，名(ming)不見經(jing)(jing)傳(chuan)了。但在(zai)民間(jian)仍在(zai)世代承傳(chuan)，歷(li)經(jing)(jing)演(yan)(yan)變，原始的武舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)演(yan)(yan)變成祭祀性舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)和慶典性舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)。留傳(chuan)至今的“八(ba)(ba)(ba)仙(xian)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”（又(you)名(ming)“巴(ba)象鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”）即是歷(li)經(jing)(jing)演(yan)(yan)變的“巴(ba)渝舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”的一(yi)(yi)種表現形式。“八(ba)(ba)(ba)仙(xian)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”為(wei)(wei)長柄雙面獸皮鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)面繪有(you)八(ba)(ba)(ba)仙(xian)或圖(tu)(tu)騰圖(tu)(tu)案，直徑約(yue)30--40厘(li)米(mi)，鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)柄約(yue)120厘(li)米(mi)。八(ba)(ba)(ba)仙(xian)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多為(wei)(wei)10人(ren)以(yi)上的群(qun)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，適(shi)宜廣場表演(yan)(yan)。表演(yan)(yan)時(shi)，沙鑼(luo)一(yi)(yi)道，鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)手隨后(hou)，一(yi)(yi)面擊鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，一(yi)(yi)面吶喊，不斷變換隊(dui)形，浩浩蕩蕩，威武雄壯。
1955年，閬(lang)中組(zu)(zu)隊參(can)(can)加四川(chuan)省第二(er)屆民間音樂(le)舞(wu)蹈(dao)會(hui)演(yan)(yan)獲獎。1991年，閬(lang)中市組(zu)(zu)織300人(ren)的(de)“八(ba)(ba)仙鼓”表演(yan)(yan)隊伍(wu)，參(can)(can)加南充第二(er)屆絲(si)綢節開幕式表演(yan)(yan)，引起轟動(dong)，獲得(de)獎勵(li)。2001年市群眾藝(yi)術館(guan)蒲公英少兒藝(yi)術團演(yan)(yan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)以(yi)八(ba)(ba)仙鼓舞(wu)為素材的(de)創作舞(wu)蹈(dao)《巴(ba)(ba)鼓新韻》，參(can)(can)加四川(chuan)省舞(wu)蹈(dao)大賽，獲得(de)編導和表演(yan)(yan)兩個一等獎。為了研究“巴(ba)(ba)渝舞(wu)”，1997年青(qing)海人(ren)民出(chu)(chu)(chu)版社(she)出(chu)(chu)(chu)版發行了由肖善生撰寫(xie)的(de)《巴(ba)(ba)渝舞(wu)初(chu)探(tan)》。
在三國演義32集--周(zhou)瑜(yu)空設(she)計(ji)中，有(you)一段周(zhou)瑜(yu)宴請劉備(bei)的(de)戲(xi)，宴席中有(you)一段舞蹈(dao)，就是《巴(ba)渝舞》。
周(zhou)瑜(yu)瞞著諸葛(ge)亮打算在宴(yan)(yan)席中(zhong)摔杯為號殺死(si)劉備(bei)。此時(shi)諸葛(ge)亮在江邊聽到(dao)樂舞(wu)聲中(zhong)透出一股殺氣，說：“這是巴渝舞(wu)。”問魯肅“帳中(zhong)宴(yan)(yan)請何人(ren)？”，聽到(dao)宴(yan)(yan)請的是劉備(bei)后不禁大驚(jing)失色驚(jing)呼：“我主危矣！”急忙跑去，當(dang)看到(dao)劉備(bei)身旁(pang)站(zhan)立的關羽時(shi)，松了口氣擦(ca)了擦(ca)汗說道(dao)：“我主無(wu)險矣。”周(zhou)瑜(yu)因忌憚(dan)關羽，計劃(hua)最終(zhong)沒有得逞。
“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”民間稱之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“渝(yu)兒(er)(er)舞(wu)(wu)”。此名在(zai)(zai)唐(tang)太(tai)宗大歷年間仍在(zai)(zai)漢(han)昌境(jing)地廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)流傳。梁州(zhou)刺史李勉募中(zhong)(zhong)任職的(de)唐(tang)代(dai)(dai)詩(shi)人(ren)韓弘（河南沁陽縣人(ren)）在(zai)(zai)千山口所(suo)寫《送巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)楊使(shi)君(jun)》詩(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)留下“萬里(li)歌鐘(zhong)相慶(qing)時，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)童聲節渝(yu)兒(er)(er)舞(wu)(wu)”之(zhi)詩(shi)句（《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)志·藝文上》）。詩(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)“萬里(li)歌鐘(zhong)”指遼闊的(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)（古稱野(ye)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)）人(ren)民唱歌擊鑼鼓。“渝(yu)兒(er)(er)舞(wu)(wu)”即(ji)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”。詩(shi)意為(wei)(wei)(wei)楊使(shi)君(jun)到巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)整(zheng)飭防務取得成績后，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)人(ren)民定會載歌載舞(wu)(wu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)慶(qing)賀(he)。說(shuo)明“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”在(zai)(zai)唐(tang)代(dai)(dai)時仍在(zai)(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)流傳。
《薅草鑼鼓(gu)》是流傳(chuan)于(yu)(yu)大(da)巴山南麓巴中市米(mi)倉山區的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)在(zai)薅包谷(gu)草時演唱的(de)(de)(de)大(da)型連套體山歌，所用鑼鼓(gu)伴奏源于(yu)(yu)“巴渝舞(wu)”的(de)(de)(de)伴奏樂器鑼和鼓(gu)，即古(gu)代的(de)(de)(de)鼓(gu)和鉦（一(yi)種(zhong)長柄鐘的(de)(de)(de)軍樂）。此種(zhong)民間文藝至今(jin)仍在(zai)“巴渝地區”流傳(chuan)。《巴州(zhou)志·風俗(su)篇》有“春田插(cha)秧，選歌郎二人(ren)擊鼓(gu)鳴鉦于(yu)(yu)隴上，曼聲而歌，更唱迭合，麗麗可聽，使耕(geng)者忘其疲，以(yi)齊功力”之記載，實為古(gu)代集體勞作時的(de)(de)(de)“戰地歌舞(wu)”。其目的(de)(de)(de)與古(gu)戰舞(wu)“巴渝舞(wu)”實為一(yi)致。
巴渝(yu)舞(wu)是(shi)流(liu)傳(chuan)(chuan)在重慶北部和四川東(dong)北部土(tu)著(zhu)人(ren)中之原始歌(ge)舞(wu)，按其命名來講，它(ta)的(de)具體流(liu)傳(chuan)(chuan)出處應是(shi)東(dong)漢時漢昌縣巴渝(yu)地區，即今(jin)巴中市兩(liang)千(qian)年前的(de)地方歌(ge)舞(wu)。
