祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶是一枚古代錢(qian)(qian)幣，鑄(zhu)(zhu)于清穆宗(zong)初登(deng)基時(shi)(1861年)。時(shi)值載(zai)垣、肅順八大臣奉詔輔政，即改元祺(qi)祥(xiang)，并鑄(zhu)(zhu)祺(qi)祥(xiang)通寶與祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶當(dang)十錢(qian)(qian)。
祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)錢(qian)徑(jing)約3．5厘米(mi)，重12．5克左右(you)。錢(qian)面(mian)文字(zi)“祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)”以(yi)(yi)楷書(shu)書(shu)寫(xie)，其文字(zi)從上而下(xia)而右(you)而左直讀。錢(qian)背穿孔(kong)左右(you)為滿(man)文的“寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉”或“寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源”二(er)局名稱。穿孔(kong)上下(xia)是(shi)漢文的記值(zhi)"當十"二(er)字(zi)。出(chu)于(yu)"祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)"鑄后不(bu)(bu)久，慈禧(xi)太(tai)后攝政(zheng)便改元“同治”，祺(qi)祥(xiang)通(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)也便不(bu)(bu)準通(tong)行，因(yin)而傳于(yu)今(jin)世甚少。祺(qi)祥(xiang)通(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)還鑄有合背，以(yi)(yi)及"祺(qi)祥(xiang)"、"同治"異號(hao)合背錢(qian)。
祺(qi)祥(xiang)是(shi)同治皇帝第一個年號，當時(shi)提(ti)出時(shi)即有大臣(chen)因“祺(qi)”“祥(xiang)”兩(liang)字意(yi)思相近(jin)而(er)持反對意(yi)見，后(hou)因慈禧太后(hou)發動辛酉政變而(er)廢止，僅存60天(tian)。所(suo)鑄(zhu)多(duo)為(wei)樣幣，流通幣幾乎全(quan)部收(shou)回(hui)損毀殆(dai)盡。
清咸(xian)豐十一(yi)年七月(yue)二十六日鼓鑄，還未發(fa)行，十月(yue)五日即被勒令廢除，鑄幣回(hui)爐鑄為"同治"錢（1861年).與祺祥通寶一(yi)起并稱(cheng)為中國壽命最短的(de)錢幣。
“祺祥”年號定(ding)于咸豐十一年七(qi)月(yue)二十六日(ri)，廢于同年十月(yue)五日(ri)，短短六十九天，是我國歷史上少(shao)(shao)有的短命年號。而(er)祺祥錢(qian)也因此而(er)鑄行時間短促，尚未流(liu)通，就被廢行了(le)，因而(er)傳(chuan)世(shi)甚(shen)少(shao)(shao)，極難(nan)見到。祺祥錢(qian)分(fen)(fen)“祺祥通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”和“祺祥重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”，僅有寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)泉局、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源局、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)云局、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇局有鑄。“祺祥通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”徑約2.7厘(li)米(mi)，重一錢(qian)二分(fen)(fen)，面文楷書，順讀(du)。“祺祥”重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)“徑約3.5厘(li)米(mi)，重七(qi)錢(qian)四分(fen)(fen)，為(wei)當十錢(qian)，此錢(qian)做(zuo)工較精整美觀(guan)，因存世(shi)較少(shao)(shao)為(wei)收藏(zang)者(zhe)重視。
同(tong)治(zhi)錢(qian)因鑄錢(qian)虧損等(deng)原因，鑄行(xing)很不正常(chang)，時鑄時停，現常(chang)見(jian)約有寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)浙、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)昌、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)川、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)桂、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)直(zhi)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)云(yun)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)東等(deng)局(ju)(ju)錢(qian)，其余皆少見(jian)或僅(jin)見(jian)樣錢(qian)。同(tong)治(zhi)年間(jian)僅(jin)鑄行(xing)了(le)當(dang)十以下大(da)(da)錢(qian)，開鑄的錢(qian)局(ju)(ju)有：寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)云(yun)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏和新疆阿克蘇等(deng)局(ju)(ju)，大(da)(da)小(xiao)輕重也不一，新疆局(ju)(ju)及寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏局(ju)(ju)曾鑄有當(dang)五錢(qian)，新疆寶(bao)(bao)(bao)伊局(ju)(ju)有當(dang)四錢(qian)。同(tong)治(zhi)時期本(ben)就鑄錢(qian)不多(duo)，民間(jian)又普遍使(shi)用(yong)白銀(yin)，而(er)且(qie)外國機制銀(yin)元的輸入頗多(duo)，且(qie)成色制度均(jun)有保證(zheng)，使(shi)用(yong)頗方(fang)便，故而(er)銅錢(qian)的使(shi)用(yong)也就日見(jian)減少了(le)。
寶(bao)源局(ju)祺祥重(zhong)寶(bao)當十銅錢。直徑3.48厘米，重(zhong)18.9克。面文“祺祥重(zhong)寶(bao)”；背面穿上下為漢(han)文紀值“當十”二(er)字(zi)，左右為滿文錢局(ju)“寶(bao)源”二(er)字(zi)。
祺(qi)祥重寶(bao)(bao)與同(tong)治重寶(bao)(bao)的合背錢。直徑3.5厘米，重16.6克(ke)。面(mian)文(wen)同(tong)樣為“祺(qi)祥重寶(bao)(bao)”；背文(wen)為“同(tong)治重寶(bao)(bao)”。“祺(qi)祥重寶(bao)(bao)”中(zhong)的“寶(bao)(bao)”字為“寶(bao)(bao)”；“同(tong)治重寶(bao)(bao)”中(zhong)的“寶(bao)(bao)”字為“寶(bao)(bao)”。
兩枚錢幣(bi)均(jun)闊緣無銹，內郭(guo)穿口具(ju)有清代錢幣(bi)特征，面(mian)文(wen)和(he)背文(wen)文(wen)字端莊嚴整，銅質細膩(ni)，色澤金黃，鑄造(zao)精(jing)良，保存(cun)良好，令人百(bai)看不厭。根(gen)據《清史》記(ji)載，當為用上等的云南黃銅鑄造(zao)。
清(qing)代(dai)自(zi)順治登基（1644）始到宣統退(tui)位（1911）止，一(yi)共經歷順治、康熙、雍正、乾隆、嘉慶、道光、咸豐(feng)、同治、光緒、宣統10代(dai)，也就(jiu)是說(shuo)出了10位皇帝(di)。按清(qing)制每(mei)朝只鑄一(yi)個(ge)年號(hao)錢(qian)幣，本應(ying)10個(ge)，然(ran)而歷史上卻(que)發(fa)行了11個(ge)年號(hao)的方孔(kong)制錢(qian)，這多出的一(yi)個(ge)便是“祺祥(xiang)”年號(hao)錢(qian)。這就(jiu)涉及“祺祥(xiang)”年號(hao)錢(qian)誕生(sheng)和消亡的歷史背景(jing)——“祺祥(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)變”（因(yin)為發(fa)生(sheng)在辛酉年，又稱“辛酉政(zheng)(zheng)變”）。
咸豐(feng)十一年(nian)(nian)（1861）七月，咸豐(feng)帝(di)在熱(re)河避暑山莊病(bing)逝，以肅(su)順(shun)(shun)為首的(de)(de)八位大臣按遺詔，以顧命大臣身(shen)份(fen)主宰朝政(zheng)，擁輔年(nian)(nian)僅6歲的(de)(de)載(zai)淳太子繼位，商定次年(nian)(nian)改(gai)用寓意吉祥(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”新(xin)年(nian)(nian)號(hao)，并下(xia)令鑄(zhu)造了“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)寶(bao)”、“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)重寶(bao)”制(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。然而他們的(de)(de)所(suo)作(zuo)所(suo)為，使權(quan)欲熏心的(de)(de)西宮太后(hou)慈禧極度恐(kong)慌，她聯手(shou)東宮太后(hou)慈安，暗中勾結恭親王奕(yi)?，回京(jing)后(hou)于9月30日突然發動宮廷政(zheng)變，迅速捕殺了肅(su)順(shun)(shun)、載(zai)垣、端(duan)華等(deng)人。慈禧太后(hou)以輔助(zhu)年(nian)(nian)幼(you)皇帝(di)、一同治(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)為名(ming)，宣(xuan)布垂簾聽政(zheng)，廢除“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)，改(gai)為“同治(zhi)(zhi)”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)。新(xin)鑄(zhu)的(de)(de)“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)幣(bi)被迅速回爐改(gai)鑄(zhu)“同治(zhi)(zhi)”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)幣(bi)。“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)由誕生到消(xiao)亡，前(qian)后(hou)僅有短短的(de)(de)幾十天時間。
正因為“祺祥”年(nian)號(hao)錢發行時間短暫，因此存世(shi)量極少(shao)。孫仲匯著《錢幣(bi)(bi)辭典(dian)》載：“祺祥通(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)、祺祥重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)：咸豐十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)（1861）鑄，通(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)小平有(you)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源(yuan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)云、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏(gong)五局(ju)，后三種(zhong)極罕。重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)當十(shi)有(you)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源(yuan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏(gong)三局(ju)。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉局(ju)極少(shao)。”因此，盡管“祺祥”年(nian)號(hao)錢距今(jin)時間不長，物(wu)以稀為貴，像許多年(nian)代久遠(yuan)的古錢幣(bi)(bi)一(yi)樣，被錢幣(bi)(bi)收(shou)藏家(jia)視為珍品。
如果說寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源局祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)當(dang)十銅錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)比較(jiao)珍貴，那么祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)與同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合背(bei)(bei)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)則更加(jia)珍貴。所謂合背(bei)(bei)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，是(shi)指誤用(yong)(yong)二(er)件面范（鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)模(mo)具中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面模(mo)）鑄(zhu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，雙(shuang)面均有(you)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文；大多出(chu)自各個朝代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中晚(wan)期，是(shi)我國古錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)幣(bi)(bi)中出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊現象，也是(shi)比較(jiao)稀少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)版別(bie)，受到(dao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)幣(bi)(bi)收藏家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普(pu)遍重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)。祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)與同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)合背(bei)(bei)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)同(tong)(tong)樣受到(dao)華光(guang)普(pu)等錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)幣(bi)(bi)收藏家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)。一般(ban)認為，其正、背(bei)(bei)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)年號不(bu)同(tong)(tong)，是(shi)由于“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)改鑄(zhu)“同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)時，因時間倉(cang)促，鑄(zhu)量劇增，鑄(zhu)工(gong)在(zai)操作忙(mang)亂中出(chu)現誤用(yong)(yong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)范，或有(you)意(yi)用(yong)(yong)錯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)范。加(jia)上檢查不(bu)嚴(yan)，錯范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)與同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)合背(bei)(bei)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)便流入了市場(chang)。這正是(shi)清(qing)朝晚(wan)期政(zheng)治(zhi)沒落，吏(li)治(zhi)腐(fu)敗，綱紀松弛，錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)法混亂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體現。祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)與同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)合背(bei)(bei)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)和寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源局祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)當(dang)十銅錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一道，共同(tong)(tong)見證了刀(dao)光(guang)劍影、陰險(xian)黑(hei)暗(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)末宮(gong)廷政(zheng)變，“以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)證史”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要意(yi)義得(de)到(dao)彰顯。
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