芒果视频

簡介

宋(song)元通寶是宋(song)代的第(di)一種鑄錢(qian)，鑄于(yu)宋(song)太祖建隆(long)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)960年(nian)(nian)(nian)，錢(qian)式(shi)沿襲“周元通寶”成(cheng)規，為小平錢(qian)。錢(qian)文(wen)對讀，是國號加寶文(wen)的國號錢(qian)。后宋(song)太祖傳位于(yu)弟宋(song)太宗趙光義即(ji)位，于(yu)太平興國年(nian)(nian)(nian)間（976年(nian)(nian)(nian)—983年(nian)(nian)(nian)）年(nian)(nian)(nian)鑄“太平通寶”錢(qian)，錢(qian)式(shi)同“宋(song)元通寶”。

當時四川(chuan)及(ji)福(fu)(fu)建(jian)出(chu)鐵錢(qian)。福(fu)(fu)建(jian)所(suo)出(chu)鐵錢(qian)，背(bei)郭清(qing)晰，鑄(zhu)工(gong)頗精，大受歡迎，于是又推出(chu)一種(zhong)直徑(jing)4.2厘(li)米的當十大錢(qian)，書法(fa)鑄(zhu)工(gong)均(jun)不錯(cuo)，背(bei)穿上有一個圓點，可(ke)能是一種(zhong)紀念錢(qian)，現存(cun)世不多。這兩種(zhong)“太平通(tong)寶”都為五代風格(ge)，而鑄(zhu)工(gong)精整，深厚淳樸可(ke)比開元(yuan)錢(qian)。

宋(song)元通寶為(wei)宋(song)開國錢。錢文仿八分書，形制仿唐開元。有銅、鐵(tie)(tie)兩種(zhong)，鐵(tie)(tie)錢十當銅錢一。宋(song)元通寶版別(bie)較多，除(chu)背有星、直、日(ri)、月、上菱紋外，常見的(de)主要有：大(da)字(zi)、長通、狹通、小(xiao)字(zi)闊緣等(deng)。較為(wei)少見的(de)有：大(da)字(zi)右(you)挑元、接(jie)郭、開元版低頭通、鐵(tie)(tie)母狹宋(song)、闊宋(song)昂寶、折二樣等(deng)。

外型

外圓內方，錢(qian)文(wen)仿八分書，形制仿唐開元。有(you)銅(tong)、鐵(tie)兩種，背有(you)星、月紋等，鐵(tie)錢(qian)十當銅(tong)錢(qian)一。

源流

原意

錢本(ben)農(nong)器，其(qi)(qi)狀類鏟，用(yong)(yong)以(yi)劃地(di)除草者。生民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初，人(ren)各自給自足，無所謂交易(yi)(yi)，更(geng)無所謂過籌，偶(ou)有(you)所需，即(ji)以(yi)農(nong)器為(wei)交易(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)媒。是(shi)農(nong)器者，即(ji)當(dang)時所用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過籌，亦即(ji)今日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所謂幣也。以(yi)后(hou)，因交易(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)增繁(fan)，漸致農(nong)器之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)足以(yi)應用(yong)(yong)，遂象其(qi)(qi)形而(er)制(zhi)物以(yi)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)形狀及用(yong)(yong)途(tu)均與(yu)農(nong)器之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢等，故仍(reng)名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰錢，此(ci)通(tong)籌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)名錢者以(yi)此(ci)。

記載

至其(qi)肇(zhao)始之(zhi)年代，現已(yi)無法確考。但據(ju)《管子》載，稱(cheng)錢(qian)(qian)之(zhi)興(xing)蓋(gai)自(zi)燧(sui)(sui)人氏以輕重為天下(xia)利，至黃帝(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)，其(qi)法寢備，則《紀原》謂始于帝(di)(di)堯遭大水而始鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)者非(fei)，此說似屬近理。蓋(gai)雖非(fei)始自(zi)燧(sui)(sui)人氏，其(qi)相去亦不(bu)遠也。據(ju)后世(shi)多數考古家之(zhi)考證，在出土之(zhi)古錢(qian)(qian)中，有一(yi)種鏟幣與黃帝(di)(di)后任何時(shi)(shi)期之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)幣不(bu)同(tong)，糟朽(xiu)已(yi)達(da)極點(dian)，握手(shou)即行(xing)粉碎，其(qi)花(hua)紋字體與五(wu)帝(di)(di)三代之(zhi)器無一(yi)相同(tong)，是或(huo)即燧(sui)(sui)人氏最(zui)初所(suo)鑄(zhu)之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)歟?至伏羲氏乃鑄(zhu)棘幣，據(ju)史載，伏羲氏聚(ju)天下(xia)之(zhi)銅以鑄(zhu)幣，今日所(suo)見(jian)古錢(qian)(qian)，凡文字與骨甲(jia)刻字相同(tong)者，皆(jie)系此時(shi)(shi)所(suo)鑄(zhu)之(zhi)物也。

此(ci)后，錢之(zhi)為用(yong)深人(ren)民間(jian)(jian)，各代帝(di)王無(wu)不以鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢為要政。神(shen)農時(shi)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢尤(you)多(duo)(duo)，惟(wei)式(shi)樣仍(reng)系鐘形，文(wen)字(zi)仍(reng)用(yong)刀刻，與伏羲氏所(suo)制者殆無(wu)少異(yi)。至黃帝(di)時(shi)，對于鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)尤(you)為努力(li)，據史(shi)載(zai)，黃帝(di)以柏高為壙師(shi)，煉(lian)銅鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)。又載(zai)，黃帝(di)開首山之(zhi)礦以鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)。故三(san)代以前，以黃帝(di)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)之(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為最久，而所(suo)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)幣(bi)亦(yi)獨(du)多(duo)(duo)也。按黃帝(di)所(suo)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)幣(bi)，多(duo)(duo)數(shu)仍(reng)為鏟式(shi)，但間(jian)(jian)有(you)刀形者，字(zi)體則多(duo)(duo)為刀刻，間(jian)(jian)有(you)漆書者。堯舜雖(sui)亦(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)，但均系拯救饑溺，偶爾舉(ju)行，式(shi)樣文(wen)字(zi)與前相同(tong)，并無(wu)變異(yi)。

至(zhi)夏時(shi)，所鑄雖亦(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鏟形，但全為(wei)(wei)(wei)漆書，并無刀刻(ke)字體者。總之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，自有(you)幣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始，以(yi)迄(qi)夏初所通用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幣，完(wan)全均為(wei)(wei)(wei)鏟形。伏(fu)羲氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)棘幣，絕非(fei)(fei)伏(fu)羲氏(shi)時(shi)所通行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幣。其(qi)他葛天氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圓形幣，既系(xi)圓孔，亦(yi)定(ding)非(fei)(fei)通行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幣。至(zhi)黃帝時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)金刀幣，亦(yi)非(fei)(fei)通行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幣，是可知在三代以(yi)前，各代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幣雖大小文(wen)字問有(you)不同，其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鏟形則一(yi)也。

至(zhi)(zhi)商(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)時，除仍鑄(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)外，又(you)兼鑄(zhu)方(fang)孔圓(yuan)周之(zhi)(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)，蓋取天圓(yuan)地(di)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)義也(ye)(ye)。而《古泉匯》竟謂方(fang)孔之(zhi)(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)始于伏(fu)羲(xi)，實杜論也(ye)(ye)。因(yin)方(fang)孔之(zhi)(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)其文(wen)字(zi)均為(wei)篆體，伏(fu)羲(xi)氏(shi)時何當(dang)有(you)篆字(zi)也(ye)(ye)，此說不(bu)攻(gong)自破。及周，一切法商(shang)，但(dan)所鑄(zhu)者，圓(yuan)幣(bi)(bi)多(duo)而鏟幣(bi)(bi)少也(ye)(ye)'其字(zi)體則大(da)小篆兼有(you)，與夏略同。至(zhi)(zhi)景王時，更鑄(zhu)大(da)錢，文(wen)曰“寶貨”。又(you)鑄(zhu)刀錢，亦曰寶貨，每刀之(zhi)(zhi)頭有(you)環(huan)一，故(gu)幣(bi)(bi)制有(you)稱環(huan)法者，蓋即本此也(ye)(ye)。

統一

秦始皇并滅六國，統(tong)一天(tian)下，毀滅先王(wang)(wang)，推翻前制，以(yi)(yi)便于(yu)(yu)萬世(shi)自為，因(yin)收得(de)民(min)間之(zhi)(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)器而(er)改鑄重錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，雖(sui)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)質如周，而(er)文(wen)則(ze)曰(yue)(yue)“半(ban)兩”，不曰(yue)(yue)“寶貨”矣。及漢，以(yi)(yi)秦錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)太重，不便于(yu)(yu)用，遂改鑄榆(yu)莢錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)(yi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)有似榆(yu)莢，隨風吹動，并非形(xing)似榆(yu)莢也。雖(sui)文(wen)仍(reng)曰(yue)(yue)“半(ban)兩”，而(er)實較(jiao)秦錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)為輕(qing)。及呂后為政，鑄八銖(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。孝文(wen)帝時莢錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益(yi)輕(qing)，乃(nai)改鑄四銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，其文(wen)仍(reng)曰(yue)(yue)“半(ban)兩”，令(ling)民(min)自由鑄造(zao)。故(gu)吳(wu)王(wang)(wang)劉濞以(yi)(yi)即山鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，富埒天(tian)子，鄧通以(yi)(yi)蜀之(zhi)(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)山鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)財過(guo)王(wang)(wang)者(zhe)。然錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)為“半(ban)兩”而(er)無(wu)輪(lun)廓，故(gu)吳(wu)鄧之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布滿天(tian)下。且縣官可以(yi)(yi)鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，民(min)亦間盜鑄，于(yu)(yu)是錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益(yi)輕(qing)薄。乃(nai)令(ling)縣官銷半(ban)兩錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，更鑄三(san)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)如其重。以(yi)(yi)三(san)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)輕(qing)，易(yi)奸詐(zha)，乃(nai)更鑄五(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，周郭(guo)其下，令(ling)不可摩取镕焉。

鑄造

民多奸鑄錢(qian)，錢(qian)益多益輕，京師(shi)鑄鐘官赤側，一當五賦，俗所(suo)謂(wei)紫紺錢(qian)。悉禁郡(jun)國(guo)勿鑄錢(qian)，專令上林三(san)(san)官鑄錢(qian)，而令天(tian)下非三(san)(san)官錢(qian)不得行使。諸郡(jun)國(guo)所(suo)鑄之錢(qian)皆廢銷(xiao)之，輸其銅(tong)入(ru)三(san)(san)官。孝元帝(di)奉承大業，溫恭(gong)少(shao)欲(yu)，都內錢(qian)四十(shi)萬萬，水(shui)衡錢(qian)二十(shi)五萬萬，少(shao)府錢(qian)十(shi)八萬萬，都內、水(shui)衡、少(shao)府即(ji)三(san)(san)官錢(qian)，皆天(tian)子之私藏也。

孝武帝更鑄(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)三分(fen)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。王莽居(ju)攝，變漢制，更鑄(zhu)(zhu)大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，徑(jing)一寸(cun)(cun)二(er)分(fen)，重十(shi)(shi)二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)”。又(you)造契刀(dao)(dao)、錯刀(dao)(dao)，其(qi)環如大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，身形(xing)如刀(dao)(dao)，長二(er)寸(cun)(cun)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“契刀(dao)(dao)五(wu)(wu)百”，錯刀(dao)(dao)以(yi)黃金(jin)錯，其(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“一刀(dao)(dao)值五(wu)(wu)千”，與(yu)五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)凡四品并行(xing)于(yu)世(shi)。莽纂位(wei)，忌惡(e)劉氏，以(yi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)有(you)金(jin)刀(dao)(dao)，故(gu)乃罷錯刀(dao)(dao)、契刀(dao)(dao)及五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，而更作金(jin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、龜貝、錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布(bu)(bu)之(zhi)品，名曰(yue)(yue)“寶貨”。小(xiao)(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)徑(jing)六分(fen)，重一銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“小(xiao)(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)值一”；次徑(jing)七(qi)分(fen)，重三銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)：“么(me)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一十(shi)(shi)”；又(you)次徑(jing)八分(fen)，重五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“幼(you)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)二(er)十(shi)(shi)”；又(you)次徑(jing)九分(fen)，重七(qi)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“中錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)三十(shi)(shi)”；又(you)次徑(jing)一寸(cun)(cun)，重九銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“壯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四十(shi)(shi)”；及十(shi)(shi)二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。是(shi)為錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)貨六品，其(qi)值各如其(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。又(you)鑄(zhu)(zhu)大(da)布(bu)(bu)、次布(bu)(bu)、弟布(bu)(bu)、壯布(bu)(bu)、中布(bu)(bu)、差(cha)布(bu)(bu)、厚布(bu)(bu)、幼(you)布(bu)(bu)、么(me)布(bu)(bu)、小(xiao)(xiao)布(bu)(bu)。小(xiao)(xiao)布(bu)(bu)長一寸(cun)(cun)五(wu)(wu)分(fen)，重十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)“小(xiao)(xiao)布(bu)(bu)一百”。

自小布(bu)(bu)以(yi)上，各相長一(yi)(yi)分，相重一(yi)(yi)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)名為(wei)(wei)其布(bu)(bu)名，值各加一(yi)(yi)百。上至大(da)布(bu)(bu)，長二寸四分，重一(yi)(yi)兩，而值千錢(qian)(qian)矣(yi)。是(shi)為(wei)(wei)布(bu)(bu)十品(pin)，皆為(wei)(wei)銅(tong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)，遂(sui)廢(fei)漢之(zhi)五(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)。東漢馬(ma)援為(wei)(wei)虎賁中郎(lang)將，親對(dui)光武申(shen)述，求復五(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)，乃從之(zhi)，遂(sui)鑄(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)。后漢公孫(sun)(sun)述廢(fei)銅(tong)，置鐵(tie)官錢(qian)(qian)。及董卓為(wei)(wei)逆，壞五(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，更鑄(zhu)(zhu)小錢(qian)(qian)，而無輪郭。悉(xi)取洛陽、西安之(zhi)銅(tong)人，鐘虛(xu)銅(tong)馬(ma)之(zhi)屬充(chong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)焉。孫(sun)(sun)權嘉平五(wu)年，鑄(zhu)(zhu)大(da)錢(qian)(qian)，一(yi)(yi)當五(wu)百。赤烏元年'又鑄(zhu)(zhu)當千錢(qian)(qian)。晉元帝過江(jiang)，用孫(sun)(sun)氏(shi)舊錢(qian)(qian)，輕(qing)重雜行，大(da)者謂(wei)之(zhi)比輪，中者謂(wei)之(zhi)四文(wen)。吳興沈充(chong)又鑄(zhu)(zhu)小錢(qian)(qian)，謂(wei)之(zhi)沈郎(lang)錢(qian)(qian)。

宋代

至六朝，宋元祖即位，鑄二銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)，形(xing)式(shi)轉細。官(guan)錢(qian)每(mei)出，民間即模效私鑄，而大小厚(hou)薄皆不(bu)及。太(tai)宗明(ming)帝(di)景和(he)元年春(chun)，鑄二銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)。民益私鑄之(zhi)(zhi)，由是千錢(qian)長不(bu)盈三(san)寸(cun)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)鵝眼錢(qian)。劣于此(ci)者謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)綖(yan)環，貫之(zhi)(zhi)以縷，入水(shui)不(bu)沉，隨手(shou)破碎，市(shi)井不(bu)欲流行，數十萬錢(qian)不(bu)盈一掬。十一月乃(nai)罷二銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)，禁鵝眼、綖(yan)環等錢(qian)，余皆用之(zhi)(zhi)。

梁(liang)敬(jing)帝太平二(er)(er)年四(si)月，鑄(zhu)四(si)柱(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，一(yi)準(zhun)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)，后又改曰“柱(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)準(zhun)十(shi)(shi)(shi)”。南(nan)史曹(cao)武(wu)在雍州(zhou)致(zhi)見錢(qian)(qian)(qian)七(qi)千萬，皆(jie)為(wei)厚輪大(da)廓。魏所(suo)用之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，民(min)多私鑄(zhu)，日就薄小，乃至(zhi)風飄水(shui)浮。楊侃鎮雍州(zhou)，聽民(min)與官共鑄(zhu)五銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，復上書申請之(zhi)。孝莊帝從之(zhi)。乃鑄(zhu)五銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，并(bing)古錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，不限(xian)大(da)小，悉聽行之(zhi)。雞眼(yan)、環依律而(er)禁，并(bing)以(yi)(yi)京都銅像毀以(yi)(yi)鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，世號曰“河陽錢(qian)(qian)(qian)”。周武(wu)帝更(geng)鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，文曰“布(bu)泉(quan)”，以(yi)(yi)一(yi)當五，與五銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)行。更(geng)鑄(zhu)五行大(da)布(bu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)(yi)一(yi)當十(shi)(shi)(shi)，與布(bu)泉(quan)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)行。至(zhi)宣武(wu)帝大(da)象(xiang)元(yuan)年十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)月，鑄(zhu)永(yong)通萬國錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)(yi)一(yi)當十(shi)(shi)(shi)，與五行大(da)布(bu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)行。

發展

隋時，巨奸大猾遂多私鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，益薄惡(e)。初(chu)每千猶重(zhong)二斤，后(hou)漸(jian)輕至(zhi)(zhi)一斤，或剪(jian)鐵繅裁(cai)皮糊紙(zhi)以(yi)為錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，相雜用之。唐時之江淮錢(qian)(qian)(qian)尤濫惡(e)，有官(guan)爐(lu)、偏爐(lu)、積錢(qian)(qian)(qian)、時錢(qian)(qian)(qian)數色。高祖武德初(chu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)開(kai)通錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，仰篆隸八分體，十文重(zhong)一兩，為開(kai)通元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)。第五(wu)琦請鑄(zhu)(zhu)乾元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)重(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)一代十。既當國，又鑄(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)規錢(qian)(qian)(qian)五(wu)十。及史思明僭號，鑄(zhu)(zhu)順天得一錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。宋(song)太宗改元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為太平興國，更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)太平通寶(bao)(bao)。淳化后(hou)改鑄(zhu)(zhu)，又親書(shu)淳化元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)，作(zuo)真(zhen)行草(cao)三(san)體。后(hou)改元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)，皆曰(yue)(yue)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)。復(fu)而冠以(yi)年號，至(zhi)(zhi)是改元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，則(ze)曰(yue)(yue)宋(song)通元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)。

太宗(zong)皇(huang)帝大觀元(yuan)年，首(shou)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)御書(shu)當十錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)京畿瀘之(zhi)復(fu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)烏背瀘銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，詔以(yi)(yi)(yi)剪銅(tong)式(shi)，頒(ban)行(xing)諸州。前世(shi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)未有草書(shu)者，始以(yi)(yi)(yi)宸翰(han)為之(zhi)，既成，以(yi)(yi)(yi)賜近(jin)臣。蜀人更私(si)為鐵錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，仁(ren)宗(zong)特命(ming)以(yi)(yi)(yi)皇(huang)宋(song)通寶為文(wen)(wen)。慶歷(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)后，冠以(yi)(yi)(yi)年號(hao)，如(ru)舊神宗(zong)熙寧六年十月行(xing)折二錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。高(gao)宗(zong)更毀(hui)民(min)私(si)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)毛錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。南宋(song)之(zhi)季(ji)，中(zhong)國(guo)之(zhi)北部為遼金(jin)所占據者多(duo)年，因之(zhi)遼金(jin)之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)流(liu)人中(zhong)國(guo)者甚(shen)多(duo)，且鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造均(jun)極(ji)精良如(ru)遼太祖(zu)耶(ye)律阿保機所鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)夭顯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、天贊(zan)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，形式(shi)文(wen)(wen)字(zi)均(jun)極(ji)精妙，金(jin)海陵王所鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)正隆錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、世(shi)宗(zong)之(zhi)大定(ding)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，亦均(jun)佳(jia)美(mei)。《金(jin)史》謂其中(zhong)有銀，或不(bu)(bu)虛(xu)也。元(yuan)朝入主(zhu)中(zhong)國(guo)，改(gai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)前各代(dai)之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)體式(shi)均(jun)小．不(bu)(bu)受人民(min)歡迎，遂(sui)漸(jian)淘汰。惟至元(yuan)之(zhi)末，國(guo)用不(bu)(bu)給，創行(xing)權鈔，即于銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)右，書(shu)明權鈔二字(zi)，其左方書(shu)明幾兩幾分(fen)字(zi)樣，即此(ci)一枚銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，權作(zuo)銀若干(gan)，亦即當十當百之(zhi)同意也。