上(shang)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)實(shi)質是碳酸鈣苔蘚植(zhi)物化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),暄而又脆,良好的(de)(de)吸(xi)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吸(xi)水(shui)性(xing)特(te)別強。上(shang)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由于(yu)(yu)暄而脆易于(yu)(yu)造(zao)型(xing),可(ke)隨意鑿槽、鉆洞、雕(diao)刻出(chu)各式各樣的(de)(de)形(xing)狀。上(shang)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天然洞穴很(hen)多,有的(de)(de)互相穿連通氣,小的(de)(de)洞穴如氣孔,這就是吸(xi)水(shui)性(xing)強的(de)(de)主要原因。在上(shang)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)的(de)(de)洞穴中,填上(shang)泥土(tu)可(ke)植(zhi)花草(cao),大的(de)(de)洞穴可(ke)栽樹木,由于(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體吸(xi)水(shui)性(xing)強,植(zhi)物生長茂盛,開(kai)花鮮(xian)艷。上(shang)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)以散發濕氣,用(yong)它造(zao)假山或盆(pen)景(jing),都有濕潤環境的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。
上水石(shi)(shi)(shi)又稱吸(xi)(xi)水石(shi)(shi)(shi),盆中(zhong)(zhong)蓄水后,頃(qing)刻可(ke)吸(xi)(xi)到頂端。石(shi)(shi)(shi)上可(ke)栽植野草、蘚(xian)苔,青翠蒼潤,為制作盆景的佳(jia)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。 沙積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi),暄(xuan)而脆(cui),但(dan)吸(xi)(xi)水性很(hen)強(qiang);石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度稍高,結構比沙積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)細密。上水石(shi)(shi)(shi)易于(yu)造型,由于(yu)暄(xuan)而脆(cui),可(ke)隨意鑿槽、鉆洞、雕(diao)刻出(chu)心中(zhong)(zhong)理想(xiang)的形象(xiang)。