芒果视频

戰前情況

國民黨軍

以國民黨軍胡宗南部(bu)楊(yang)蔭寰為首之(zhi)六十(shi)一旅(lv)，憑借城周天然斷溝和堅(jian)固筑城固守(shou)洛(luo)川。何文鼎整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)十(shi)七師守(shou)延安（工(gong)事(shi)亦堅(jian)固）。第五兵(bing)團(tuan)裴(pei)昌(chang)會指(zhi)揮整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)三(san)十(shi)六師、整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)三(san)十(shi)八師、整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)六十(shi)五師、整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)三(san)十(shi)師等共8個(ge)旅(lv)以上兵(bing)力，4月5日由同官（即銅(tong)川）增援洛(luo)川，11日始進至宜君(jun)，7天前(qian)進52公(gong)里，行動(dong)(dong)空前(qian)謹(jin)慎。整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)一師位蒲城作機動(dong)(dong)。暫編(bian)(bian)(bian)二旅(lv)、新編(bian)(bian)(bian)九旅(lv)、騎二旅(lv)等守(shou)備涇陽、耀縣、淳化之(zhi)三(san)角地(di)區。

解放軍

彭德(de)懷(huai)認為，由(you)于(yu)解放(fang)軍繼續圍攻(gong)洛(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)與待機打援比(bi)較困(kun)難(nan)，但是原攻(gong)奪洛(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)，準備收復(fu)延安的計(ji)劃不(bu)能(neng)不(bu)有所改變，故決心向(xiang)胡宗南部后方(fang)之西(xi)府（西(xi)安以(yi)西(xi)，涇河與渭(wei)河之間的地(di)(di)區(qu)，古稱(cheng)西(xi)府，首府鳳翔。包括今寶(bao)(bao)雞、咸陽等地(di)(di)，地(di)(di)處關中(zhong)、漢中(zhong)和(he)四川(chuan)(chuan)的咽喉要沖(chong)，自(zi)古以(yi)來就是兵家必爭之地(di)(di)）挺進(jin)，攻(gong)敵(di)要害之寶(bao)(bao)雞，調(diao)退(tui)延安、洛(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)守(shou)敵(di)，以(yi)達鞏(gong)固(gu)后方(fang)和(he)黃(huang)龍(long)新(xin)區(qu)之目的。除以(yi)三縱隊(dui)繼續圍困(kun)洛(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)，迷(mi)惑(huo)敵(di)人外，主力（一、二、四、六(liu)縱隊(dui)）于(yu)4月(yue)7日由(you)洛(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)、中(zhong)部（即(ji)黃(huang)陵縣(xian)）地(di)(di)區(qu)向(xiang)關中(zhong)移動，4月(yue)12日先后抵馬欄(lan)、轉(zhuan)角(jiao)、廟灣、照金地(di)(di)區(qu)集結。并(bing)依下列部署西(xi)進(jin)：

（1）二(er)、四縱隊統由張宗遜副(fu)司令員指揮為左路(lu)，取道高王鎮南(nan)渡涇河(he)，奪(duo)取監軍鎮（永壽縣址）、乾縣，得手后一部奪(duo)取禮泉、興平(ping)向咸陽佯(yang)動，主力迅(xun)速奪(duo)取武功(gong)、扶風、岐山，相(xiang)機攻占寶雞，并徹底破壞興平(ping)附近鐵路(lu)。

（2）一(yi)縱隊為中(zhong)路，攻占旬(xun)邑后，經張洪鎮渡(du)涇河，奪(duo)(duo)取彬縣(xian)，向麟(lin)游、鳳翔挺進，協同二縱隊相機奪(duo)(duo)取寶(bao)雞。

（3）六縱(zong)隊為(wei)右(you)路，于(yu)掃清職田鎮(zhen)、太峪鎮(zhen)、世店鎮(zhen)之反動地方武裝(zhuang)后，由亭(ting)口(kou)、彬縣(xian)間(jian)渡涇河，爾(er)后依(yi)情(qing)況(kuang)相機使用。

戰役過程

1948年3月，西(xi)北野戰軍由宜(yi)川(chuan)(chuan)地(di)區南下，發起黃虎山(shan)麓(lu)戰役，解(jie)放黃陵(ling)、鄜縣(xian)（今(jin)富縣(xian)）、宜(yi)君、白水等縣(xian)，逼近蒲城，圍攻洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)，并準備打(da)援。國(guo)民(min)黨西(xi)安(an)“綏靖(jing)”公(gong)署主任胡(hu)宗南即令(ling)(ling)所屬(shu)第(di)5兵(bing)(bing)團率(lv)5個整編(bian)師(shi)從豫(yu)陜邊界地(di)區馳援洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)，增防西(xi)安(an)。4月6日(ri)，西(xi)北野戰軍司(si)令(ling)(ling)員兼政治(zhi)委(wei)員彭德懷(huai)鑒于(yu)洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)久攻不克，國(guo)民(min)黨軍增援洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)行動(dong)謹(jin)慎，原準備攻取(qu)洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)后收復延(yan)安(an)并殲滅國(guo)民(min)黨援軍一(yi)部(bu)(bu)的(de)計劃(hua)難以(yi)實現，且黃龍山(shan)區糧食匱乏(fa)，部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)不宜(yi)久留，而西(xi)府地(di)區（西(xi)安(an)以(yi)西(xi)涇滑兩河之問）國(guo)民(min)黨軍兵(bing)(bing)力(li)空虛等情況(kuang)，遂改變(bian)作(zuo)戰計劃(hua)，決心以(yi)第(di)3縱(zong)隊(dui)繼續圍困(kun)洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川(chuan)(chuan)，第(di)1、第(di)2、第(di)4、第(di)6縱(zong)隊(dui)向西(xi)府地(di)區挺進，調動(dong)，分散敵軍，尋機殲其(qi)第(di)5兵(bing)(bing)團一(yi)部(bu)(bu)，并相機奪取(qu)胡(hu)宗南集團的(de)補給基地(di)寶雞(ji)。

4月15日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)分(fen)3路西(xi)進。17~25日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)攻(gong)克常(chang)寧(ning)、靈臺、風翔(xiang)、郿縣（今(jin)眉縣）等(deng)12座城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)，逼近寶雞(ji)(ji)。此時，胡(hu)宗南令(ling)(ling)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)17師、整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)90師第(di)(di)(di)(di)61旅(lv)(lv)(lv)分(fen)別放(fang)(fang)棄延安(an)、洛川(chuan)，回(hui)防西(xi)安(an)；調第(di)(di)(di)(di)5兵團會同(tong)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)行轅副主任馬步芳(fang)部(bu)(bu)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)82師，共(gong)Il個(ge)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)兵力(li)，自三(san)原、鎮(zhen)(zhen)原地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)分(fen)路馳(chi)援寶雞(ji)(ji)。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)隊于(yu)(yu)(yu)21日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)收復延安(an)，25日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)解放(fang)(fang)洛川(chuan)，并追殲(jian)(jian)國民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)隊于(yu)(yu)(yu)26日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)攻(gong)占寶雞(ji)(ji)，殲(jian)(jian)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)76師師部(bu)(bu)及(ji)2個(ge)團。23~27日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)82師4個(ge)步騎團在(zai)(zai)飛機配合(he)(he)下，突破(po)(po)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)(zong)隊教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為拖(tuo)住并殲(jian)(jian)滅(mie)該敵，令(ling)(ling)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)固守(shou)，6日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)以(yi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)4縱(zong)(zong)隊及(ji)第(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)(zong)隊新編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)4旅(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)敵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)側(ce)后(hou)(hou)發(fa)起(qi)攻(gong)擊(ji)，因協同(tong)不(bu)(bu)好，僅(jin)殲(jian)(jian)其(qi)2000余(yu)(yu)(yu)人，接應(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)突出了(le)重圍(wei)(wei)(wei)。7日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，胡(hu)宗南、馬步芳(fang)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)南追北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)堵(du)(du)，企(qi)圖圍(wei)(wei)(wei)殲(jian)(jian)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)屯(tun)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)、西(xi)峰鎮(zhen)(zhen)、涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)之(zhi)間(jian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)經激戰(zhan)(zhan)，殲(jian)(jian)其(qi)3000余(yu)(yu)(yu)人后(hou)(hou)，從(cong)荔鎮(zhen)(zhen)附近向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。8~兒日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，叉(cha)分(fen)別在(zai)(zai)蕭(xiao)金鎮(zhen)(zhen)以(yi)東(dong)(dong)三(san)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)、寧(ning)縣以(yi)東(dong)(dong)良(liang)平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、枸(gou)邑（今(jin)旬(xun)邑）縣城(cheng)以(yi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)職田鎮(zhen)(zhen)等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)沖(chong)破(po)(po)國民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)合(he)(he)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)12日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)擺脫追堵(du)(du)，轉(zhuan)至(zhi)解放(fang)(fang)區(qu)馬欄(lan)、轉(zhuan)角等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)。此役(yi)，西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)共(gong)殲(jian)(jian)滅(mie)國民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)2.1萬余(yu)(yu)(yu)人，鞏固和擴大了(le)黃龍(long)解放(fang)(fang)區(qu)。導(dao)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)長武、亭口的(de)(de)陣地(di)(di)(di)，抵(di)達(da)崔木鎮(zhen)(zhen)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)5兵團部(bu)(bu)隊突破(po)(po)第(di)(di)(di)(di)4縱(zong)(zong)隊在(zai)(zai)杏林、扶風一(yi)帶的(de)(de)陣地(di)(di)(di)，抵(di)達(da)風翔(xiang)附近。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為擺脫被夾擊(ji)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)利態勢(shi)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)撤出寶雞(ji)(ji)，向(xiang)隴東(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。5月3日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)晚，從(cong)平(ping)涼、涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)間(jian)花(hua)鎖鎮(zhen)(zhen)、王(wang)村通過西(xi)（安(an)）蘭(lan)（州）公路及(ji)涇(jing)(jing)河繼續北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上。整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)36、第(di)(di)(di)(di)65師尾追其(qi)后(hou)(hou)。5日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)先頭(tou)第(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)(zong)隊教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)原東(dong)(dong)南屯(tun)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)被整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)82師3個(ge)步騎團包圍(wei)(wei)(wei)。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為拖(tuo)住并殲(jian)(jian)滅(mie)該敵，令(ling)(ling)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)固守(shou)，6日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)以(yi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)4縱(zong)(zong)隊及(ji)第(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)(zong)隊新編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)4旅(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)敵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)側(ce)后(hou)(hou)發(fa)起(qi)攻(gong)擊(ji)，因協同(tong)不(bu)(bu)好，僅(jin)殲(jian)(jian)其(qi)2000余(yu)(yu)(yu)人，接應(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)突出了(le)重圍(wei)(wei)(wei)。7日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，胡(hu)宗南、馬步芳(fang)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)南追北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)堵(du)(du)，企(qi)圖圍(wei)(wei)(wei)殲(jian)(jian)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)屯(tun)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)、西(xi)峰鎮(zhen)(zhen)、涇(jing)(jing)川(chuan)之(zhi)間(jian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)經激戰(zhan)(zhan)，殲(jian)(jian)其(qi)3000余(yu)(yu)(yu)人后(hou)(hou)，從(cong)荔鎮(zhen)(zhen)附近向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。8~11日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，叉(cha)分(fen)別在(zai)(zai)蕭(xiao)金鎮(zhen)(zhen)以(yi)東(dong)(dong)三(san)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)、寧(ning)縣以(yi)東(dong)(dong)良(liang)平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、枸(gou)邑（今(jin)旬(xun)邑）縣城(cheng)以(yi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)職田鎮(zhen)(zhen)等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)沖(chong)破(po)(po)國民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)合(he)(he)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)12日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)擺脫追堵(du)(du)，轉(zhuan)至(zhi)解放(fang)(fang)區(qu)馬欄(lan)、轉(zhuan)角等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)。

戰役結果

此(ci)役，西北野戰軍(jun)共殲(jian)滅(mie)國民黨軍(jun)2.1萬(wan)余人，鞏(gong)固和(he)擴大(da)了黃龍解(jie)放區。