蔣(jiang)介(jie)石在第一次“圍(wei)剿”失敗后，于1931年二(er)月(yue)，派軍政部長何應欽代行(xing)總司令(ling)職權兼(jian)陸海空軍總司令(ling)南昌行(xing)營主任，調集十八個師另(ling)三個旅(lv)，20萬人的(de)兵力(li)，“以厚集兵力(li)，嚴密包(bao)圍(wei)及(ji)取緩進為(wei)要旨”，采取穩扎穩打、步步為(wei)營的(de)作戰方針，積極(ji)部署(shu)對(dui)紅一方面(mian)軍的(de)第二(er)次“圍(wei)剿”。
3月(yue)下旬，國(guo)(guo)民黨軍(jun)(jun)部(bu)署完畢。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)19路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)由(you)(you)蔡廷鍇代(dai)總(zong)指(zhi)揮，轄第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)60師(shi)(shi)(shi)（蔡廷鍇兼）、戴戟(ji)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)61師(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)12師(shi)(shi)(shi)馬昆第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)34旅，由(you)(you)興(xing)國(guo)(guo)向龍岡頭(tou)、寧都進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)由(you)(you)王金鈺(yu)任(ren)總(zong)指(zhi)揮，轄上官云相第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)47師(shi)(shi)(shi)、公秉藩第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)28師(shi)(shi)(shi)、郭華宗第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)43師(shi)(shi)(shi)、郝(hao)夢齡(ling)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)54師(shi)(shi)(shi)、羅(luo)霖第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)77師(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)吉安、泰和、吉水、永豐向東(dong)固(gu)、藤田方面進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)26路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)由(you)(you)孫連仲(zhong)任(ren)總(zong)指(zhi)揮，轄第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)25師(shi)(shi)(shi)（孫連仲(zhong)兼）、高樹(shu)勛第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)27師(shi)(shi)(shi)、關(guan)樹(shu)人騎1師(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)樂安、宜黃向東(dong)韶、小布進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)由(you)(you)朱紹良任(ren)總(zong)指(zhi)揮，轄胡(hu)祖(zu)玉第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5師(shi)(shi)(shi)、毛炳文第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)8師(shi)(shi)(shi)、許克(ke)祥第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)24師(shi)(shi)(shi)、路(lu)孝忱新(xin)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)13師(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)南豐、八都向廣昌、黃陂進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)。此外，韓德勤第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)52師(shi)(shi)(shi)擔任(ren)維護贛江交通和當地“清(qing)剿”，三個航空隊執行偵察(cha)和轟炸任(ren)務，劉和鼎(ding)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)56師(shi)(shi)(shi)（歸第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)指(zhi)揮）出(chu)(chu)(chu)安遠（屬(shu)寧化縣(xian)）、周志群新(xin)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)14旅出(chu)(chu)(chu)寧化、盧興(xing)邦獨立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)32旅出(chu)(chu)(chu)連城和長(chang)汀、張貞第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)49師(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)上杭和武平、香翰(han)屏第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)62師(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)蕉(jiao)嶺，防堵紅軍(jun)(jun)向東(dong)南轉(zhuan)移(yi)。
這(zhe)時，紅(hong)一方(fang)面軍(jun)仍(reng)是第一、第三兩個軍(jun)團，人數略有(you)減少，約3萬余人，經過第一次反“圍(wei)(wei)剿(jiao)”的(de)鍛煉和(he)勝利后的(de)養精蓄(xu)銳，斗志旺盛。毛澤(ze)東提(ti)出的(de)誘敵深入的(de)戰略方(fang)針，已為廣大軍(jun)民所認識和(he)接(jie)受。在第一次反“圍(wei)(wei)剿(jiao)”勝利后，根據(ju)地的(de)黨(dang)政(zheng)軍(jun)民，從各方(fang)面進行(xing)了反“圍(wei)(wei)剿(jiao)”的(de)準備。
按照(zhao)紅一(yi)方面軍總部(bu)3月23日的(de)命令，主力(li)部(bu)隊(dui)由根(gen)據地(di)北部(bu)邊緣的(de)永豐(feng)(feng)、樂安、宜黃(huang)、南豐(feng)(feng)以南地(di)區(qu)，轉移到廣昌、石城、寧(ning)都、瑞金等地(di)，進行整頓、訓練、籌款和(he)做(zuo)群眾(zhong)工作。在(zai)紅軍和(he)人民中進行了廣泛(fan)深入的(de)政治動員，召開了地(di)方武(wu)裝和(he)赤衛(wei)軍、少先(xian)隊(dui)的(de)工作會議，對這些武(wu)裝的(de)任務(wu)、編制(zhi)、訓練、戰術等問題(ti)，都作了明(ming)確的(de)規定(ding)，要求各游(you)擊(ji)區(qu)以地(di)方武(wu)裝為骨干，領(ling)導赤衛(wei)軍、少先(xian)隊(dui)，運用游(you)擊(ji)戰術，積極執行擾敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、堵敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、截(jie)敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、襲敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、誘敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、毒敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、捉敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、偵敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、餓敵(di)(di)(di)(di)、盲敵(di)(di)(di)(di)等十項任務(wu)，配合主力(li)紅軍殲(jian)滅敵(di)(di)(di)(di)人。這些就為取得反“圍剿”的(de)勝利(li)，創造了有利(li)條件(jian)。
在(zai)此期間，六(liu)屆三中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)全會后的黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)派項(xiang)英到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)根據地(di)，于(yu)（1931年(nian)）1月(yue)15日正式成立(li)蘇區(qu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)局和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)革命(ming)軍(jun)(jun)事委(wei)(wei)員會（簡稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)革軍(jun)(jun)委(wei)(wei)），項(xiang)英任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)局書記和軍(jun)(jun)委(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)席，朱德(de)任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)委(wei)(wei)副主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)席和紅一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)軍(jun)(jun)總司令，毛(mao)澤東任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)委(wei)(wei)副主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)席、總政治部(bu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任(ren)和紅一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)軍(jun)(jun)政治委(wei)(wei)員。（1931年(nian)）4月(yue)，王明“左(zuo)”傾冒險(xian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)統治的黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)派出代表(biao)團，到達(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)蘇區(qu)并參加中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)局的領導工作。這種(zhong)情(qing)況，就在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)蘇區(qu)領導層產生了(le)分歧，使第一(yi)(yi)次反“圍剿”行之(zhi)有效的戰(zhan)略戰(zhan)術受(shou)到干擾。
對第(di)二(er)次反“圍剿”的(de)(de)戰(zhan)略方針(zhen)問(wen)題，黨中(zhong)央曾指示(shi)：“當著敵(di)人(ren)(ren)力(li)(li)量尚未(wei)集(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)時(shi)候，我們必(bi)(bi)須利用優勢兵力(li)(li)，去擊潰敵(di)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)主力(li)(li)”。“紅(hong)軍(jun)總司令部(bu)在(zai)組(zu)織(zhi)決(jue)(jue)戰(zhan)中(zhong)，采取(qu)誘敵(di)深(shen)入(ru)(ru)蘇(su)(su)區(qu)的(de)(de)策略，在(zai)當時(shi)的(de)(de)階段中(zhong)（年底及(ji)年初(chu)）是正確的(de)(de)。如果力(li)(li)量對比(bi)上利于(yu)我們時(shi)，我們應該擴展(zhan)向白區(qu)的(de)(de)堅決(jue)(jue)進攻，打(da)碎敵(di)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)生力(li)(li)軍(jun)”。同(tong)時(shi)還提(ti)出(chu)：“遇(yu)必(bi)(bi)要(yao)時(shi)，可以拋(pao)棄(qi)舊的(de)(de)與組(zu)織(zhi)新的(de)(de)蘇(su)(su)維埃區(qu)域(yu)”。經過(guo)反復討論，才接(jie)受(shou)了毛(mao)澤(ze)東的(de)(de)正確主張，仍然采取(qu)誘敵(di)深(shen)入(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)戰(zhan)略方針(zhen)。
（1931年）3月(yue)中(zhong)旬至(zhi)4月(yue)中(zhong)旬，在蘇區中(zhong)央局第(di)(di)(di)(di)一次(ci)擴大會議上，有(you)人又提出分兵退敵(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)方(fang)針。對(dui)反(fan)攻先(xian)打(da)哪(na)路(lu)(lu)敵(di)(di)(di)(di)人問題，有(you)的(de)主(zhu)張先(xian)打(da)強(qiang)敵(di)(di)(di)(di)蔡廷鍇(kai)部，也有(you)的(de)主(zhu)張打(da)朱紹良部。鑒于(yu)(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)19路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)26路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)6路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)均為最(zui)強(qiang)或較強(qiang)之敵(di)(di)(di)(di)，而第(di)(di)(di)(di)5路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)的(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)43、第(di)(di)(di)(di)47、第(di)(di)(di)(di)54師從北方(fang)新到，第(di)(di)(di)(di)28、第(di)(di)(di)(di)77師在第(di)(di)(di)(di)一次(ci)“圍(wei)剿”中(zhong)被紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)擊(ji)(ji)敗(bai)過，對(dui)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)有(you)畏懼(ju)心理，戰(zhan)(zhan)斗力弱，先(xian)打(da)該(gai)敵(di)(di)(di)(di)容易取勝。同時，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)如(ru)由東(dong)向(xiang)西打(da)，則受贛(gan)江(jiang)限制(zhi)，而從富田(tian)打(da)起(qi)，向(xiang)東(dong)橫掃，可在閩贛(gan)交界的(de)建寧、黎川(chuan)、泰(tai)寧地區擴大根據(ju)地，征(zheng)集資財(cai)，便于(yu)(yu)打(da)破敵(di)(di)(di)(di)人的(de)下一次(ci)“圍(wei)剿”。因(yin)此決定(ding)采取由西向(xiang)東(dong)橫掃，先(xian)打(da)弱敵(di)(di)(di)(di)，各(ge)個擊(ji)(ji)破的(de)作戰(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)針。
（1931年）4月(yue)1日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，國(guo)民黨軍(jun)(jun)(jun)分四路開(kai)始(shi)向中央根據地(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)舉進(jin)攻(gong)，至4月(yue)23日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，先后(hou)進(jin)至江背洞、龍(long)岡(gang)頭(tou)、富(fu)(fu)田(tian)、水南、嚴坊、招攜、廣昌等地(di)(di)(di)。與此同時，紅軍(jun)(jun)(jun)主力秘密(mi)轉移到龍(long)岡(gang)、上(shang)固、東固地(di)(di)(di)區，為待機殲(jian)敵、迫(po)敵而在(zai)(zai)東固地(di)(di)(di)區待命達25天。5月(yue)13日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，國(guo)民黨軍(jun)(jun)(jun)王金(jin)鈺所部第(di)(di)28師(shi)和第(di)(di)47師(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)，開(kai)始(shi)由富(fu)(fu)田(tian)向東固前進(jin)。5月(yue)16日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)至17日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，紅軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)中洞、九寸嶺地(di)(di)(di)區包圍殲(jian)滅敵第(di)(di)28師(shi)和第(di)(di)47師(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)的大(da)(da)部。接著(zhu)向東橫掃，于5月(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)在(zai)(zai)白(bai)沙殲(jian)敵第(di)(di)43師(shi)大(da)(da)部和第(di)(di)47師(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)的殘部，余敵逃向永豐；5月(yue)22日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)在(zai)(zai)中村殲(jian)滅前來(lai)西援的敵第(di)(di)27師(shi)近一(yi)(yi)個(ge)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)；5月(yue)27日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)攻(gong)克廣昌，殲(jian)敵第(di)(di)5師(shi)一(yi)(yi)部，第(di)(di)5師(shi)師(shi)長(chang)胡祖玉受重傷斃命；5月(yue)31日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)突襲建(jian)寧，殲(jian)敵第(di)(di)56師(shi)三(san)個(ge)多團(tuan)。從5月(yue)16日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)至31日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，紅一(yi)(yi)方面橫掃700余里(li)，連打五個(ge)勝仗(zhang)，殲(jian)敵3萬(wan)余人(ren)，繳槍2萬(wan)余支，痛快淋漓(li)地(di)(di)(di)打破了敵人(ren)的第(di)(di)二次(ci)“圍剿”。
紅軍粉碎“圍(wei)剿”后，乘勝轉入進攻，分(fen)兵發動群(qun)眾，打土豪分(fen)田地，籌糧籌款，解放(fang)了贛(gan)東、閩西的黎川、南(nan)豐、建寧、泰寧、寧化(hua)、長汀(ting)等廣大地區，進一(yi)步(bu)鞏固和擴大了中央革命根(gen)據(ju)地。
此(ci)次(ci)戰役的(de)(de)勝利，使得(de)中國共(gong)產黨進一步(bu)擴大(da)了(le)中央蘇(su)區的(de)(de)范圍，其勢力從江(jiang)西南部伸展(zhan)入福建西部。毛澤東也又(you)一次(ci)證(zheng)實了(le)自己的(de)(de)軍事(shi)才能(neng)，更(geng)加穩固(gu)了(le)在(zai)紅軍中的(de)(de)領導地位(wei)。
在此次戰(zhan)役(yi)失敗后，蔣介石(shi)認(ren)識到(dao)無法依靠其(qi)他派系的武裝消滅中國共產黨部(bu)(bu)隊，加(jia)之各(ge)地軍閥反對南京中央(yang)政(zheng)府的敵對行動(dong)漸漸平息(xi)，蔣介石(shi)開始抽調其(qi)精銳(rui)的嫡(di)系部(bu)(bu)隊開赴“剿(jiao)共”戰(zhan)場。
我心明亮 
