黑盾胡蜂主要分布在(zai)河北、陜西、四川、浙(zhe)江、福建、廣東(dong)、廣西、云南;印度,越南,法國。雌蜂體長(chang)約21毫(hao)米,頭(tou)部(bu)寬(kuan)略(lve)窄于胸部(bu)。兩(liang)觸角窩(wo)之間整個隆起,黃色(se),額(e)溝不明顯,布有棕色(se)較(jiao)長(chang)的毛,刻點淺細,除兩(liang)復眼內緣凹陷(xian)及下(xia)側(ce)為(wei)鮮(xian)黃色(se)外,額(e)部(bu)及顱頂部(bu)均(jun)為(wei)黑色(se)。雄(xiong)蜂:近(jin)似(si)雌蜂。唇基端部(bu)無明顯突起的兩(liang)個齒;腹部(bu)7節。 在(zai)田野和(he)林(lin)間較(jiao)為(wei)常(chang)見,寄生菜青蟲、棉鈴蟲等。
河北、陜西、浙江(jiang)、四(si)川、廣東(dong)、廣西、福(fu)建、云南、西藏(zang);印度,越南,法國。
雌蜂:頭部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)寬略窄于胸部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。兩(liang)觸(chu)角窩之間整個隆起(qi),黃色(se)(se)(se)(se),額溝不明顯(xian)(xian),布(bu)有棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)的(de)毛(mao)(mao),刻(ke)點(dian)淺(qian)(qian)(qian)細,除兩(liang)復眼(yan)內緣(yuan)凹陷(xian)(xian)及(ji)下側為鮮(xian)(xian)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se)外,額部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)顱(lu)頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)均(jun)為黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)。刻(ke)點(dian)細密,布(bu)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao),額部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)單(dan)眼(yan)區(qu)略凹陷(xian)(xian),棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)單(dan)眼(yan)呈(cheng)倒三角形排列于兩(liang)復眼(yan)頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之間。頰部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se),刻(ke)點(dian)淺(qian)(qian)(qian)細,覆(fu)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao)。觸(chu)角支角突黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se),柄節背部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se),腹(fu)面淡黃色(se)(se)(se)(se),鞭節背面黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se),腹(fu)面銹色(se)(se)(se)(se);端部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)數節背面亦呈(cheng)銹色(se)(se)(se)(se)。唇基鮮(xian)(xian)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se),略隆起(qi),布(bu)有細淺(qian)(qian)(qian)刻(ke)點(dian)及(ji)短毛(mao)(mao),基部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中央有小凹陷(xian)(xian),端部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)呈(cheng)2鈍(dun)圓形的(de)齒(chi)(chi)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)突起(qi)。上顎鮮(xian)(xian)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se),稀(xi)布(bu)淺(qian)(qian)(qian)刻(ke)點(dian),覆(fu)短毛(mao)(mao),端部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)齒(chi)(chi)黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se),下部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)1/2有3個齒(chi)(chi),上部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)呈(cheng)刃狀(zhuang)(zhuang),最上1個齒(chi)(chi)短而(er)寬,極(ji)不明顯(xian)(xian)。
胸部:前胸背(bei)板(ban)中(zhong)部呈(cheng)(cheng)圓形(xing)隆(long)起(qi)(qi),兩肩角(jiao)可見(jian)(jian)、全呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),布有細(xi)(xi)線刻(ke)點(dian)(dian),并(bing)覆(fu)(fu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)的棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)毛(mao)。中(zhong)胸背(bei)板(ban)全呈(cheng)(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)色(se)(se)(se),略(lve)隆(long)起(qi)(qi),中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)縱隆(long)線明顯(xian);刻(ke)點(dian)(dian)淺細(xi)(xi),覆(fu)(fu)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)。小盾片(pian)全呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)有1深(shen)色(se)(se)(se)縱溝(gou),刻(ke)點(dian)(dian)淺細(xi)(xi),覆(fu)(fu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)毛(mao),隆(long)起(qi)(qi)狀。后(hou)(hou)小盾片(pian)五邊形(xing),端部中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)角(jiao)狀突(tu)出,刻(ke)點(dian)(dian)細(xi)(xi)淺,全呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),向(xiang)下垂(chui)直狀。并(bing)胸腹節(jie)亦全呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),但與(yu)后(hou)(hou)小盾片(pian)相鄰(lin)處(chu)為黑(hei)(hei)色(se)(se)(se),中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)縱溝(gou)亦為黑(hei)(hei)色(se)(se)(se),形(xing)成1“Y”狀黑(hei)(hei)紋,刻(ke)點(dian)(dian)細(xi)(xi)淺幾(ji)不(bu)見(jian)(jian),覆(fu)(fu)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)。中(zhong)胸側板(ban)不(bu)隆(long)起(qi)(qi),全呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),刻(ke)點(dian)(dian)細(xi)(xi)淺幾(ji)不(bu)見(jian)(jian),覆(fu)(fu)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)。后(hou)(hou)胸側板(ban)全呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)窄,下側片(pian)后(hou)(hou)緣(yuan)與(yu)并(bing)胸腹節(jie)幾(ji)愈(yu)合,光滑。翅(chi)基片(pian)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),外(wai)緣(yuan)略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se),光滑。翅(chi)呈(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se),前翅(chi)前緣(yuan)色(se)(se)(se)略(lve)深(shen)。前、中(zhong)、后(hou)(hou)足(zu)均呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),唯(wei)各(ge)足(zu)跗節(jie)略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se),脛節(jie)距及各(ge)足(zu)爪的端半部、爪墊近黑(hei)(hei)色(se)(se)(se),爪均無齒(chi)。
腹部(bu)(bu)(bu):第(di)1節背(bei)板(ban)(ban)全呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se),僅基部(bu)(bu)(bu)細柄處(chu)黑色(se)(se),垂直截面(mian)處(chu)中央及背(bei)面(mian)中部(bu)(bu)(bu)橫向各(ge)有1棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)線(xian),刻點幾不見,覆(fu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)較長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)(mao),腹板(ban)(ban)黃(huang)色(se)(se),橫寬而短,呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)扁三(san)角(jiao)形(xing),覆(fu)短毛(mao)(mao)。第(di)2節背(bei)板(ban)(ban)黃(huang)色(se)(se),基部(bu)(bu)(bu)有1黑色(se)(se)窄線(xian),近(jin)(jin)基部(bu)(bu)(bu)略呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)橫帶(dai),光(guang)滑(hua)無(wu)刻點,覆(fu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)較長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)(mao),中部(bu)(bu)(bu)兩(liang)(liang)側各(ge)有1略呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)的(de)小(xiao)斑(ban),第(di)3 至(zhi)5節背(bei)板(ban)(ban),全呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se),中部(bu)(bu)(bu)兩(liang)(liang)側各(ge)有1略呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)的(de)小(xiao)斑(ban),光(guang)滑(hua),覆(fu)較長(chang)(chang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao)。第(di)2至(zhi)5節腹板(ban)(ban)全呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se),僅于中部(bu)(bu)(bu)兩(liang)(liang)側各(ge)有1略呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)的(de)淺斑(ban),光(guang)滑(hua),覆(fu)較長(chang)(chang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao)。第(di)6節背(bei)、腹板(ban)(ban)均呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se),近(jin)(jin)三(san)角(jiao)形(xing),光(guang)滑(hua),覆(fu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)較長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)(mao)。
體長約(yue)21毫米。
雄蜂:近似雌蜂。唇基(ji)端部無明(ming)顯(xian)突(tu)起的兩個齒。腹部7節。
體長約24毫米。
在田野(ye)和林(lin)間較(jiao)為常(chang)見。據(ju)在廣西欽(qin)州三(san)十六曲林(lin)場觀察,蜂(feng)群在掛放鳥箱內過(guo)冬(dong),根據(ju)這一特(te)性,可采取(qu)保(bao)護過(guo)冬(dong)措施,有利次年繁蜂(feng)。此蜂(feng)喜食多種(zhong)植物(wu)的(de)花蜜和松毛蟲幼蟲。
菜青(qing)蟲、棉鈴蟲等。