隨著孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀身價(jia)的(de)日益上(shang)升,其養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)業悄然興(xing)起、為(wei)了方便(bian)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)戶養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi),現(xian)將有(you)(you)關事宜介紹如(ru)下(xia):一、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀的(de)生(sheng)物學(xue)特性(xing)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀有(you)(you)綠(lv)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀、藍孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀之分(fen),前者又(you)稱(cheng)爪哇孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀,后者又(you)稱(cheng)印度孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀。國(guo)內飼養(yang)(yang)較(jiao)多的(de)為(wei)藍孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀。藍孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀又(you)有(you)(you)兩(liang)種(zhong)突變形態:白孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀和黑孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀。
黑孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀(que)是多配偶的(de)(de)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao),每(mei)只雄鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao)約與五只雌(ci)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao)生(sheng)活在一起。藍孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀(que)的(de)(de)繁殖期從四月(yue)至(zhi)八月(yue)。在繁殖期里雄鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao)非常(chang)兇,甚(shen)至(zhi)會攻擊自己(ji)鏡子里的(de)(de)形(xing)象。每(mei)次(ci)產(chan)4-8枚蛋(dan)(dan)(dan),蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)色(se)至(zhi)乳(ru)黃色(se),孵卵(luan)期為28天(tian)。只有(you)雌(ci)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao)參與孵化。雛(chu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao)的(de)(de)羽毛是淡棕(zong)色(se)的(de)(de),背部的(de)(de)顏色(se)稍微深一些。未成年(nian)的(de)(de)幼(you)年(nian)的(de)(de)羽毛顏色(se)類似雌(ci)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)(niao)。性成熟在兩至(zhi)三年(nian)后。藍孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀(que)的(de)(de)壽命(ming)長約20~25年(nian)。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀(que)產(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)季節性強.數量(liang)(liang)少,飼(si)料中的(de)(de)營養(yang)成份要求有(you)較高(gao)含量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)質和粗纖維.以廈適量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)維生(sheng)末和微量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)素孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀(que)的(de)(de)產(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)、換(huan)羽時間(jian)遲早不(bu)一。產(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)期多在4~8月(yue)。每(mei)成孔(kong)(kong)(kong)雀(que)年(nian)產(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)約30個.間(jian)隔l天(tian)或教天(tian)產(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)一千。
與藍孔(kong)(kong)雀外形(xing)大體相(xiang)同。雄性黑孔(kong)(kong)雀的總長度可達約(yue)兩(liang)米,重(zhong)四至(zhi)六千(qian)(qian)克(ke)。雌性相(xiang)對于雄鳥比(bi)較小,身長僅約(yue)一米,重(zhong)2.7至(zhi)4千(qian)(qian)克(ke)。頭頂有明顯(xian)的冠(guan)羽簇(cu),全身羽毛大部為(wei)黑色,臉部為(wei)白色,這一點與藍孔(kong)(kong)雀類似。
黑孔雀(que)(que)(que)棲(qi)息(xi)于2000米以下的開闊稀疏(shu)草原或有(you)灌木叢、竹叢的開闊地帶,在(zai)(zai)(zai)零(ling)下30С至零(ling)上45С都能正常生(sheng)長(chang),相對濕(shi)度在(zai)(zai)(zai)60-70%之間。喜歡吃(chi)(chi)梨(li)等(deng)果實,也吃(chi)(chi)稻(dao)谷、芽苗(miao)、草籽等(deng)食物(wu)(wu),此外還食用一(yi)(yi)些昆(kun)蟲如蟋(xi)蟀、蝗蟲和一(yi)(yi)些小(xiao)型爬行動物(wu)(wu)。動物(wu)(wu)性食物(wu)(wu)以白蟻為主(zhu)。尤其因為吃(chi)(chi)幼年(nian)眼鏡蛇而(er)為人(ren)們所(suo)喜愛,孔雀(que)(que)(que)是多配(pei)偶的鳥(niao),自然選擇配(pei)偶。每(mei)只雄鳥(niao)與三到五只雌鳥(niao)生(sheng)活在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)起。家(jia)庭式活動,在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)定活動范圍(wei)內,集體采食與棲(qi)息(xi),極少個(ge)別活動者(zhe)。黑孔雀(que)(que)(que)的繁(fan)殖(zhi)(zhi)期從四月至八月。在(zai)(zai)(zai)繁(fan)殖(zhi)(zhi)期里雄鳥(niao)非常兇,甚至在(zai)(zai)(zai)斗毆時(shi)也常常傷及(ji)雌鳥(niao),在(zai)(zai)(zai)繁(fan)殖(zhi)(zhi)期間雄孔雀(que)(que)(que)有(you)求偶行為——“開屏”。每(mei)次(ci)產4-8枚蛋(dan)(dan),蛋(dan)(dan)白色至乳黃色,孵卵(luan)期為28天。